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2.
Rev. bras. neurol ; 49(1)jan.-mar. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-676569

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O Exame Cognitivo Cambridge (CAMCOG) é um instrumento breve para avaliação cognitiva. É composto por subescalas que representam diversos domínios cognitivos (orientação, linguagem, memória, atenção, praxia, percepção, cálculo e pensamento abstrato). Escores totais adequados permitem definir comprometimento em nível de demência. Entretanto, tais escores totais nem sempre representam o desempenho real de um indivíduo, pois é possível obter escores baixos em determinado(s) domínio(s) e ainda manter um escore total dentro da variação normal. Objetivo: Obter valores do CAMCOG total e das subescalas de indivíduos idosos normais com diferentes níveis de escolaridade. O interesse crescente na definição de estágios pré-demência é uma razão importante do presente estudo. Métodos: Foram avaliados com CAMCOG idosos normais residindo na comunidade, divididos em três grupos de acordo com o nível de escolaridade. Foi realizada análise estatística para comparar a significância dos escores (total e subescalas) entre os grupos. Resultados: Os valores médios do CAMCOG total mostraram aumento com a escolaridade, o mesmo tendo sido observado em relação aos escores das subescalas. Conclusão: As subescalas do CAMCOG relacionados com os níveis de escolaridade são necessárias para identificar indivíduos que apresentam diminuição de valores em um ou mais domínios cognitivos, apesar de apresentar o escore total dentro da variação da normalidade, o que pode caracterizar um estado de comprometimento cognitivo pré-demência...


Introduction: The Cambridge Cognitive Examination (CAMCOG) is a brief tool for cognitive assessment. It is composed of subscales that represent various cognitivedomains (orientation, language, memory, attention, praxis, perception, calculation and abstract thinking). Appropriate total scores permit to define impairment in the dementia level. However, such total scores do not always represent the real performance of the subject as it is possible to obtain low scores in certain domain(s) yet maintaining a total score in the normal range. Objective: To obtain data of CAMCOG total and subscales scores of normal elderly subjects with different educational levels. The growing interest in defining pre-dementia stages is an important reason of the present study. Methods: Community living normal elderly, divided in three groups according to their education level were assessed with CAMCOG. Statistic analysis was performed to compare significance of the scores (total and subscales) among the groups. Results: Total CAMCOG mean values increased with education, and the same was observed in relation to the subscales scores. Conclusion: CAMCOG subscales related to education levels are necessary to identify subjects who present decreased values on one or more cognitive domain despite total scores within normal range, which may characterize a pre-dementia cognitive impairment state...


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Geriatric Assessment/methods , Mental Status Schedule/standards , Cognition , Educational Status , Memory , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity
3.
Trends psychiatry psychother. (Impr.) ; 35(1): 46-54, 2013. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-676012

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether history of childhood trauma is associated with loss of functionality in adult women with fibromyalgia (FM). A secondary objective was to assess the presence of differences between depressed and non-depressed adult women with FM in a regression model for functionality. METHODS: A total of 114 adult women with FM according to the American College of Rheumatology diagnostic criteria answered the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire. All subjects were interviewed by trained psychiatrists and evaluated for depression using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) - Brazilian version 5.0.0. Correlation and regression models were used to investigate associations between childhood trauma and loss of functionality among patients with FM. The sample was stratified by presence and absence of clinical depression. RESULTS: Overall, childhood trauma was associated with of loss of functionality in adult women with FM. When stratified by depression, the regression model significantly increased the association among non-depressed patients, even after adjustment for age and use of psychotropic medications. CONCLUSIONS: Childhood trauma showed a clinically important association with loss of functionality among adult women with FM. The associations were more pronounced among subjects without comorbid depression


OBJETIVO: Investigar se a presença de história de trauma na infância está associada com perda de funcionalidade em mulheres adultas com fibromialgia (FM). Um segundo objetivo foi avaliar a presença de diferenças entre mulheres adultas deprimidas e não deprimidas com FM utilizando um modelo de regressão para funcionalidade. MÉTODOS: Um total de 114 mulheres adultas com FM de acordo com os critérios diagnósticos do American College of Rheumatology responderam o Childhood Trauma Questionnaire e o Questionário de Impacto da Fibromialgia. Todos os indivíduos foram entrevistados por psiquiatras treinados e avaliados para depressão utilizando o Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) - versão brasileira 5.0.0. Modelos de correlação e regressão foram utilizados para investigar associações entre trauma na infância e perda de funcionalidade em pacientes com FM. A amostra foi estratificada pela presença e ausência de depressão clínica. RESULTADOS: Em geral, o trauma na infância esteve associado com perda de funcionalidade em mulheres adultas com FM. Quando estratificadas por depressão, o modelo de regressão aumentou significativamente a associação em pacientes não deprimidos, mesmo após ajuste para idade e uso de medicação psicotrópica. CONCLUSÕES: Trauma na infância esteve associado de forma clinicamente importante à perda de funcionalidade em mulheres adultas com FM. As associações foram mais pronunciadas nos indivíduos sem depressão comórbida


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health , Fibromyalgia/etiology , Child Abuse/psychology , Human Activities/injuries , Depression/psychology , Mental Status Schedule/standards
4.
Clinics ; 64(10): 967-973, 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-529539

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy of the Mini-Mental State Examination combined with the Verbal Fluency Test and Clock Drawing Test for the identification of patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHOD: These tests were used to evaluate cognitive function in 247 older adults. Subjects were divided into three groups according to their cognitive state: mild cognitive impairment (n=83), AD (n=81), cognitively unimpaired controls (n=83), based on clinical and neuropsychological data. The diagnostic accuracy of each test for discriminating between these diagnostic groups (mild cognitive impairment or AD vs. controls) was examined with the aid of Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves. Additionally, we evaluated the benefit of the combination of tests on diagnostic accuracy. RESULTS: Although they were accurate enough for the identification of Alzheimer's disease, neither test alone proved adequate for the correct separation of patients with mild cognitive impairment from healthy subjects. Combining these tests did not improve diagnostic accuracy, as compared to the Mini-Mental State Examination alone, in the identification of patients with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease. CONCLUSIONS: The present data do not warrant the combined use of the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Verbal Fluency Test and the Clock Drawing Test as a sufficient diagnostic schedule in screening for mild cognitive impairment. The present data do not support the notion that the combination of test scores is better that the use of Mini-Mental State Examination scores alone in the screening for Alzheimer's disease.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Alzheimer Disease/diagnosis , Cognition Disorders/diagnosis , Neuropsychological Tests/standards , Epidemiologic Methods , Mental Status Schedule/standards
5.
Braz. J. Psychiatry (São Paulo, 1999, Impr.) ; 29(4): 359-362, dez. 2007. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-471325

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The Schedule for the Assessment of Insight - Expanded Version consists of 11 items that encompass: awareness of having a mental illness, ability to rename psychotic phenomena as abnormal, and compliance with treatment. The objective of the study was to evaluate the inter-rater reliability and to study the factorial structure of the Brazilian version of the instrument. METHOD: The Brazilian version of the Schedule for the Assessment of Insight - Expanded Version was used for the assessment of insight of 109 psychotic inpatients, 60 of whom had the interview tape-recorded in order to be scored by an independent evaluator. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was adopted as the inter-rater reliability coefficient. In the factor analysis, principal components analysis and Varimax rotation were adopted. RESULTS: Inter-rater reliability coefficients from good to excellent were found for the individual items of the Schedule for the Assessment of Insight - Expanded Version with ICC values ranging from 0.54 to 0.82. Regarding the total score, inter-rater reliability was excellent, with ICC = 0.90. A factorial structure similar to the one obtained by the original version of the Schedule for the Assessment of Insight - Expanded Version was found, with 3 factors accounting for 71.72 percent of variance. CONCLUSION: In the Brazilian context, the Schedule for the Assessment of Insight - Expanded Version presented good inter-rater reliability and factorial structure compatible to the insight dimensions that are intended to be evaluated.


OBJETIVOS: O Schedule for the Assessment of Insight - Expanded Version é constituído por 11 itens que abordam: reconhecimento de se ter um transtorno mental, capacidade de renomear fenômenos psicóticos como anormais e adesão ao tratamento. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a confiabilidade entre avaliadores e estudar a estrutura fatorial da versão brasileira do Schedule for the Assessment of Insight - Expanded Version. MÉTODO: A versão brasileira do Schedule for the Assessment of Insight - Expanded Version foi utilizada na avaliação de 109 pacientes psicóticos internados, dos quais 60 tiveram a entrevista gravada para atribuição de escores por avaliador independente. O coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (ICC) foi utilizado na avaliação da confiabilidade entre avaliadores. Para a análise fatorial foram adotadas análise de componentes principais e rotação varimax. RESULTADOS: A confiabilidade entre avaliadores para os itens do Schedule for the Assessment of Insight - Expanded Version encontrada esteve entre boa e excelente, com ICC variando de 0,54 a 0,82; para o escore total foi excelente, com ICC = 0,90. Uma estrutura fatorial semelhante à obtida para a versão original do Schedule for the Assessment of Insight - Expanded Version foi encontrada, com três fatores explicando 71,72 por cento da variação. CONCLUSÃO: No contexto brasileiro, o Schedule for the Assessment of Insight - Expanded Version apresentou boa confiabilidade entre avaliadores e estrutura fatorial compatível com as dimensões do insight que pretende avaliar.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Awareness , Interview, Psychological/methods , Mental Status Schedule/standards , Psychotic Disorders/diagnosis , Psychotic Disorders/psychology , Analysis of Variance , Brazil , Interview, Psychological/standards , Language , Observer Variation , Patient Compliance , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of Results , Schizophrenia/diagnosis , Translating
6.
Acta psiquiátr. psicol. Am. Lat ; 37(3): 191-6, 199-204, sept. 1991. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-103578

ABSTRACT

El Composite International Diagnostic (CIDI), desarrollado a petición de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y de la Administración de Salud Mental, Alcohol y Abuses de Drogas de los Estados Unidos (ASMAAD), combina preguntas del Diagnostic Interview Schedule y del Present State Examination. Es un instrumento totalmente estructurado con el objetivo de que pueda ser administrado por entrevistadores legos y permita generar los diagnósticos psiquiátricos por medios computarizados. Un módulo especial de abuso de substancias (Substance Abuse Module) cubre tabaco, alcohol, y otro abuso de drogas en gran detalle, lo que permite el estudio de la calidad, la gravedad y el curso de la dependencia. Este artículo describe el diseno y desarrollo del CIDI y el primer estudio del campo que se realizó con la versión reducida del instrumento (CIDI-C) en Puerto Rico. Las pruebas de campo se llevaron a cabo en 19 centros alrededor del mundopara evaluar la confiabilidad y acptabilidad del instrumento en diferentes culturas, y para generar datos que sirvieran de bases a las revisiones del instrumento. Se están escribiendo además preguntas que evalúan la presencia de un diagnóstico según la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermidades, novena versión, y del Manual Diagnóstico y Estadístico, tercera edición revisada. Se espera que el CIDI permita a los investigadores la medición confiable de diagnósticos basados sobre las nomenclaturas más aceptadas en diversas poblaciones y culturas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Mental Status Schedule/standards , Mental Disorders/diagnosis , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Mental Disorders/ethnology , Reproducibility of Results
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