ABSTRACT
A hidatidose policística é uma zoonose causada pelo cestóide Echinococcus vogeli, amplamente distribuído no norte do Brasil. Os hospedeiros definitivos são Speothos venaticus (cachorro-vinagre) e Canis familiaris (cães domésticos), enquanto Agouti paca (paca) é hospedeiro intermediário. Tanto as pacas quanto o homem (hospedeiro acidental) desenvolvem a forma larvar (metacestóide), principalmente na superfície e no interior do fígado. Esta tese tem como objetivo geral estudar as características parasitológicas e histopatológicas de metacestóides de E. vogeli, originários de pacas e humanos da região norte do Brasil, visto o conhecimento insuficiente ou mesmo o seu desconhecimento. Os fígados e mesentérios foram obtidos de oito pacientes com hidatidose policística durante ato cirúrgico na Fundação Hospital Estadual do Acre. Pacas foram capturadas no Município de Bujari, Floresta Estadual do Antimary, Acre. Durante a necropsia das pacas, foram observadas lesões macroscópicas (massas esbranquiçadas ou amareladas, semelhantes a bolhas na superfície dos fígados). Para a análise parasitológica foram aplicadas as microscopias de luz, contraste interferencial de Normaski (DIC) e varredura laser confocal. A análise morfométrica foi realizada com o auxílio do Programa Image Pro Plus Media Cybernetics. Os órgãos de pacas e humanos foram submetidos à análise histopatológica. Os pequenos e grandes ganchos rostelares apresentaram polimorfismo morfológico, enquanto a organização dos protoescólices acompanhou o padrão descrito para Echinococcus sp. Todas as pacas apresentavam cistos hepáticos, porém em apenas duas encontramos líquido hidático, comprovados pela presença dos ganchos e protoescólices. A análise histopatológica dos tecidos hepáticos das pacas confirmou a hidatidose policística e evidenciou, pela presença de agrupamentos de ovos, a coinfecção com Calodium hepaticum. As características morfológicas dos ganchos rostelares dos casos humanos não diferiram...
Polycystic hydatidosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the cestode Echinococcus vogeli, largely distributed in northern Brazil. The definitive hosts are Speothos venaticus (bush dogs) and Canis familiaris (domestic dogs), while Agouti paca (paca) is the intermediate host. Both the pacas and man (accidental host) develop the larval form (metacestodes), mainly on the surface and inside the liver. This thesis aims to study histopathological and parasitological characteristics of metacestodes of E. vogeli, from pacas and humans of the north region of Brazil, seen the insufficient knowledge or lack of it. The mesentery and livers were recovered from eight patients with polycystic hydatidosis during surgery in the Acre State Hospital Foundation. Pacas were captured in the municipality of Bujari, Antimary State Forest, Acre. During the pacas necropsy, macroscopic lesions were observed (whitish or yellowish masses, similar to blisters on the surface of the liver). Identification analyses were applied to light microscopy, interferential contrast microscopy of Normaski (DIC) and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Morphometric analysis was performed by Image Pro Plus Media Cybernetics program. The pacas and human organs were subjected to histopathological analysis. The small and large rostellar hooks presented morphological polymorphism while protoscoleces organisation accompanied the pattern described in Echinococcus sp. All pacas presented liver cysts, however in only two found proven by the presence of hydatid fluid, hooks and protoscoleces. Histopathological analysis of pacas hepatic tissues confirmed polycystic hydatidosis and evidenced by the presence of eggs clusters the Calodium hepaticum coinfection. The morphological characteristics of human cases rostellar hooks did not differ from described to the pacas; however, the hooks were greater than the mesenteric ones. Already in relation to protoscoleces, the mesenteric ones were larger than the liver...
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Echinococcus/parasitology , Echinococcus/pathogenicity , Echinococcosis/diagnosis , Rodentia/parasitology , Brazil , Coinfection , Capillaria/isolation & purification , Echinococcus/classification , Echinococcus/isolation & purification , Echinococcosis, Hepatic/parasitology , Liver/parasitology , Gallbladder , Mesentery/parasitology , ParasitologyABSTRACT
Cento e quarenta e nove espécimes de cacharas (Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum) foram capturados do rio Cuiabá, estado de Mato Grosso, durante o período de outubro de 2004 a abril de 2006, para análise do parasitismo por larvas de nematóides. Encontrou-se prevalência de 100% destes peixes parasitados por larvas de Contracaecum sp. e/ou Eustrongylides sp. A análise do parasitismo foi feita por registro da prevalência e localização das larvas encontradas. Cinco cacharas (3,35%) apresentaram parasitismo por larvas de Contracaecum sp. na musculatura esquelética e 147 (98,65%) no mesentério. Cinquenta cacharas (33,55 %) apresentaram larvas de Eustrongylides sp. na musculatura esquelética e 117 (78,52%) no mesentério. A intensidade média de infecção foi de 15,42 larvas/peixe para Contracaecum sp. e de 6,37 larvas/peixe para Eustrongylides sp. O peso médio dos peixes examinados foi de 5,59 kg (1,9-10,5 kg) e o comprimento total médio de 82,39 cm (63,5-105 cm). Não foi observada correlação entre parâmetros biométricos como comprimento total e peso dos hospedeiros e a intensidade de infecção.
One hundred and forty-nine cacharas (Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum) specimens were captured from Cuiabá river, Mato Grosso State, between october of 2004 to april of 2006, intending to analyse the parasitism by nematode larvae. The prevalence was 100% to parasitism by Contracaecum sp. and/or Eustrongylides sp. larvae. The analysis of the parasitism were done by prevalence record and the localization of the larvae founded. Five cacharas (3,35 %) presented parasitism by Contracaecum larvae in the skeletal muscle and one hundred and forty-seven (98,65 %) on the mesenterium. Fifty cacharas (33,55%) presented Eustrongylides sp. larvae in the skeletal muscle and one hundred seventeen (78,52%) on the mesenterium. The mean intensity of infection was 15,42 larvae/fish for Contracaecum sp. and 6,37 larvae/fish for Eustrongylides sp. The average of weight to the examined fishes was 5,59 kg (1,9-10,5 kg) and the average of the total length was 82,39 cm (63,5-105 cm). Correlation between biomethric parameters as host´s total length and weight and the intensity of infection was not observed.
Subject(s)
Animals , Parasitic Diseases/parasitology , Fishes/classification , Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena , Nematode Infections , Mesentery/parasitologyABSTRACT
Micropogonias furnieri (Desmarest, 1823) é uma das espécies de peixes mais consumidas pela população do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Entre os meses de maio e setembro de 2006, 30 espécimes deste pescado foram obtidos do mercado de São Pedro no município de Niterói, estado do Rio de Janeiro. Eles foram necropsiados e analisados para presença de cestóides Trypanorhyncha. Um total de oito espécimes apresentou no mesentério plerocercos de Pterobothrium crassicolle, com prevalência de 26,7%, intensidade média de infecção de 2,25, variando de uma a três larvas por peixe e a abundância média de 0,6. Os resultados obtidos no presente trabalho são analisados e comparados com os registros anteriores estudados sobre esta espécie de peixe no Brasil.
Porto,C.J.S., São Clemente, S.C., Freitas, M.Q., São Clemente R.R.B., Knoff. M. and Matos, E. [Pterobothrium crassicolle (Eucestoda: Trypanorhyncha) in croacker, Micropogonias furnieri, purchased at Niterói municipality, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.] Micropogonias furnieri (Desmarest, 1823) is one of the species of fish most consumed by the population of the State of Rio de Janeiro. Between May and September 2006, 30 specimens of this fish were obtained from the market of San Pedro in Niterói municipality, State of Rio de Janeiro. They were necropsied and examined for the presence of cestodes Trypanorhyncha. A total of eight specimens showed the mesentery with plerocerci of Pterobothrium crassicolle, with a prevalence of 26.7%, mean intensity of infection of 2.25, ranging from one to three larvae per fish and mean abundance of 0.6. The results obtained in this study are analyzed and compared with previous records on the studied fish species in Brazil.
Subject(s)
Animals , Products Commerce , Mesentery/parasitology , Fishes/classification , Autopsy/instrumentation , Cestode Infections/parasitology , EatingABSTRACT
The antischistosomal activity of clonazepam, when administered alone or in association with oxamniquine and praziquantel, was experimentally evaluated in mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni. The animals were treated 45 days post-infection with a single dose, by oral route, according to three treatment schedules: clonazepam 25 mg/kg and sacrificed 15 min, 1h or 4 h after treatment; clonazepam 1.0, 2.5 or 10.0 mg/kg and sacrificed 15 days post-treatment or with the dose of 10 mg/kg in association with oxamniquine 50 mg/kg or praziquantel 200 mg/kg, single dose, orally, every schedule with a control group. The efficacy of the drugs in vivo was assessed by means of worm counts and their distribution in mesentery and liver, mortality and oogram changes. In the chemotherapeutic schedules used, clonazepam did not present antischistosomal activity and the result of the association of this drug with oxamniquine or praziquantel was not significantly different from the one obtained when these two last drugs were administered alone. In the in vitro experiments, the worms exposed to 0.6 mg/mL clonazepam remained motionless throughout the 8-day-period of observation, without egg-laying, whereas the worms of the control group showed normal movements, egg-laying and hatching of miracidia on the last day of observation. The results obtained in the present study confirm the action of clonazepam on S. mansoni adult worm, in vitro, causing total paralysis of males and females. However, no additive or synergistic effects were observed when clonazepam were used in association with oxamniquine or praziquantel.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Mice , Clonazepam/pharmacology , Schistosoma mansoni/drug effects , Schistosomiasis mansoni/drug therapy , Schistosomicides/pharmacology , Clonazepam/administration & dosage , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Drug Therapy, Combination , Liver/parasitology , Mesentery/parasitology , Oxamniquine/administration & dosage , Oxamniquine/pharmacology , Praziquantel/administration & dosage , Praziquantel/pharmacology , Schistosomicides/administration & dosage , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Entre janeiro a novembro de 1999 foram examinados 55 espécimenes de Trichiurus lepturus Linnaeus, 1758 (Osteichthyes: trichiuridae) provenientes do litoral do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, brasil (aprox. 21-23º S, 41-45º O), sendo necropsiados para estudio dos seus metazoários parasitos. Onze espécies de metazoários parasitos foram encontrados: 1 digenético, 1 monogenético, 2 cestóides, 1 acan-tocéfalo, 5 nematóides e 1 copépode. Trichiurus lepturus é um novo registro de hospedeiro para as seguintes espécies: Callitetrarhynchus gracilis. Hysterothylacium sp. e Raphidas-caris sp. Octoplectanocotyla trichiuri e Polymorphus sp. são registrados pela primeira vez no Brasil