ABSTRACT
The standardized programme of electrical stimulation was applied to the control and denervation atrophied muscle of dog, Canis domesticus and the pattern of changes in the carbohydrate metabolism was analysed in the control (C), denervated control (DC), control stimulated (CS) and denervated stimulated (DS) gastrocnemius muscles. The programme of electrical stimulation of the control muscle has elevated glycogenolysis, glycolysis and increased the level of operation of TCA cycle with decreased mobilization of carbohydrates into hexose monophosphate pathway, indicating the setting in of trained condition. Sciatectomy, on the other hand, lowered the level of operation of glycogenolysis and decreased the utilization of carbohydrates through hexose-mono and di-phosphate pathways and TCA cycle. The programme of electrical stimulation applied to the denervated muscle has restored the utilization of carbohydrates through hexose mono and diphosphate pathways and oxidative metabolism indicating the applicability of this programme of electrical stimulation in the treatment of muscular atrophy.
Subject(s)
Animals , Carbohydrate Metabolism , Dogs , Electric Stimulation , Glucose/metabolism , Glycogen/metabolism , Glycolysis , Male , Muscle Denervation , Muscle, Smooth/enzymology , Muscular Atrophy/enzymology , Phosphorylases/metabolism , Sciatic Nerve/physiologyABSTRACT
The total lipids triglycerides, free fatty acids, glycerol and acetoaectate levels in the gastrocnemius muscle of frog denervated for 1 month were compared. A significant atrophy without any change in total DNA content per whole muscle was noted on denervation. No significant change in the mitochondrial protein content in the atrophied muscle was noted. Relative to total muscle mass, the total fat, triglyceride, free fatty acids and glycerols decreased on denervation. This suggests the increased degradation of fat during denervation. Concomittantly lypolytic and esterase activities in the atrophied muscle increased. Palmitate and pyruvate oxidations in the mitochondria of atrophied muscle and also the enzymes of beta-oxidative scheme increased. 14C-acetate incorporation rates revealed that there is a decrease in fatty acid synthesis in the atrophied muscle. It was suggested that the increased fatty acid oxidation and decreased fatty acid synthesis in the atrophic process may not be the result of a simple functional demand; but may involve more factors in terms of neuro-muscular functions.