Guidelines for therapy of patients with chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms during the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV2 pandemic

ABSTRACT The novel coronavirus has swept across the world in 2020 and ushered a new era. In the current scenario, it is not clear how patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (including chronic myelogenous leukemia) should be managed, considering the risk of therapy, the need for social distancing and the risk of untimely therapy discontinuation of delay. This guideline aims to give providers a sense of direction in order to better take care of patients and prioritize care.

Síndromes mieloproliferativos crónicos y embarazo: revisión de casos de pacientes del Departamento de Clínica Hematológica / Chronic myeloproliferative syndromes and pregnancy: a case review of Clinical Hematological Department patients

El manejo convencional de los síndromes mieloproliferativos crónicos (SMP) es un problema cuya frecuencia se ha incrementado. Los datos existentes en la literatura provienen principalmente de series de casos. Esta serie reporta la evolución y el tratamiento de 9 embarazos en 7 pacientes con SMP, 4 con diagnóstico de leucemia mieloide crónica (LMC) y 3 con trombocitemia esencial (TE) asistidos en nuestro Departamento durante los últimos 20 años. La evolución del primer embarazo incluyó: nacido vivo a término 29 por ciento, aborto espontáneo 14 por ciento, nacido vivo pretérmino 29 por ciento y desconocida 14 por ciento. Un embarazo está en curso (14 por ciento). No se registraron muertes fetales. Las complicaciones maternas fueron: sangrado en una paciente con LMC y desprendimiento placentario en otro caso con TE. La segunda gestación resultó en un nacido vivo pretérmino (N=1) y otra está en curso. Todas las pacientes con TE recibieron interferón alta y aspirina durante el embarazo y profilaxis con enoxaparina durante el puerperio. Las pacientes con LMC recibieron: interferón alfa (N=1), hidroxiurea luego del primer trimestre e interferón alfa (N= 1) e imatinib durante el primer trimestre y nilotinib en el tercero la tercer paciente, dando a luz un feto vivo normal. Un mayor número de casos sería necesario para establecer factores pronósticos en este grupo de pacientes.

Chronic myeloproliferative syndromes and pregnancy. A case review of Clinical Hematological Department patients. The management of pregnancy in chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMPD) is an increasingly frequent problem. Available data in the literature belong to case reports or single centers series. In the current study we report the outcome and treatment of 9 pregnancies among 7 patients with CMPD, 4 with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and 3 with essential thrombocythemia (ET) seen in our Department from 1989 to 2009. First pregnancy outcome included full term normal delivery 29 per cent, spontaneous abortion 14 per cent, premature delivery 29 per cent and unknown 14 per cent. No stillbirth was recorded and one pregnancy is currently ongoing. Maternal complications included: bleeding in one CML patient and abruptio placentae in a TE patient. Among second pregnancies, 1 is ongoing and the other resulted in premature delivery. AII TE patients received alpha interferon and aspirin during pregnancy. Prophylaxis with enoxaparin was administered for six weeks postpartum. CML patient were treated as follows: alpha interferon (N=1), hydroxyurea after first trimester plus alpha interferon (N=1). The remaining patient received imatinib and nilotinib giving birth to a normal baby. Further study is necessary to evaluate prognostic factors in these patients.