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1.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 77(5): 357-365, Jun. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011344

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Infections caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and by the larvae of Taenia solium (i.e., cysticercosis) are still widespread in many developing countries. Both pathologies modify host immune status and it is possible that HIV infection may modulate the frequency and pathogeny of cysticercosis of the central nervous system (i.e., neurocysticercosis [NCC]). Objective: To describe published cases of NCC among HIV-positive patients and to evaluate whether the characteristics of NCC, including frequency, symptoms, radiological appearance, and response to treatment differed between HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients. Methods: Forty cases of NCC/HIV co-infected patients were identified in the literature. Clinical and radiological characteristics, as well as response to treatment, were compared with non-matching historical series of NCC patients without HIV infection. Results: Most of these patients had seizures and multiple vesicular parasites located in parenchyma. Clinical and radiological characteristics were similar between HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients with NCC, as well as between immunocompromised and non-immunocompromised HIV-positive patients. Conclusion: Our review did not reveal clear interactions between HIV and NCC. This may be partially due to the small number of cases and reliance on published research. A systematic, multi-institutional effort aiming to report all the cases of this dual pathology is needed to confirm this finding and to clarify the possible relationship between both pathogens.


RESUMO Las infecciones causadas por el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) y la larva de la Tenia solium siguen estando diseminadas en países en vías de desarrollo. Ambas patologías modifican el estado inmune y es posible que la infección por el VIH module la frecuencia y la patología de la neurocisticercosis (NCC). Objetivo: Describir los casos publicados de NCC en los pacientes VIH positivos y evaluar si las características de la NCC, incluyendo frecuencia, síntomas, presentación radiológica, respuesta a tratamiento, difieren entre los sujetos VIH positivos y VIH negativos. Métodos: Cuarenta casos con coinfección NCC/VIH fueron identificados en la literatura. Se compararon sus características clínico-radiológicas, así como su respuesta al tratamiento con diferentes series de casos históricos no pareados. Resultados: La mayoría de los pacientes NCC/VIH tenían epilepsia y múltiples parásitos vesiculares en el parénquima. Las características clínico-radiológicas de la NCC así como la evolución de los pacientes fueron similares entre pacientes VIH positivos y negativos, así como entre pacientes VIH inmunocomprometidos y no inmunocomprometidos. Conclusión: No encontramos interacciones claras entre VIH y NCC. Este resultado puede haber sido influenciado por el pequeño número de casos y la parcialidad de la información publicada. Un esfuerzo multiinstitucional, sistemático encaminado a reportar todos los casos de esta patología dual es necesario para confirmar estos resultados y esclarecer la relación entre patógenos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , HIV Infections/complications , Neurocysticercosis/etiology , Coinfection/immunology , Coinfection/therapy , HIV Infections/immunology , HIV Infections/therapy , Treatment Outcome , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/immunology , CD4 Lymphocyte Count , Neurocysticercosis/immunology , Neurocysticercosis/therapy , Immunocompetence
2.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 31(4): 82-87, oct.-dic. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-991116

ABSTRACT

La neurocisticercosis es una enfermedad del sistema nervioso central de origen parasitario que genera una alta morbilidad. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 30 años de edad, negro, del sexo masculino, con historia de dolor de cabeza y disminución progresiva de la visión desde hace tres meses. Fue examinado en la Consulta de Oftalmología, donde se constató la pérdida visual y alteraciones campimétricas. En el fondo de ojo se observó papiledema bilateral. Le fue indicada tomografía computarizada de cráneo que mostró una gran lesión en la región frontal derecha y por lo cual fue transferido para el Servicio de Neurocirugía. Se decidió el tratamiento quirúrgico y se le realizó una craneotomía frontal derecha y resección de la lesión. El diagnóstico histológico confirmó una neurocisticercosis, por lo que se decidió comenzar el tratamiento con albendazol y praziquantel. El paciente evolucionó satisfactoriamente. Después de completar el tratamiento y pasados unos meses se le realizó la tomografía axial computarizada de control, donde se mostró una remisión total de la lesión(AU)


Neurocysticercosis is a disease of the central nervous system of parasitic origin and high morbidity. This is the case of a 30 years-old Black male patient with a history of headache and progressive reduction of vision for three months. He was examined at the Ophthalmological Service where visual loss and campometric alterations were confirmed. The fundus oculi revealed the presence of bilateral papilledema. He was performed cranial CT that showed a large lesion in the right front region, so he was transferred to the neurosurgery service. It was decided to apply surgical treatment. He was then performed a right front craniotomy and then resection of the lesion. The histological diagnosis confirmed neurocysticercosis and he was then treated with albendazol and praziquantel. His recovery was satisfactory. Upon completing the treatment and after a few months, the axial computerized tomography for control showed total remission of lesion(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Papilledema/diagnostic imaging , Neurocysticercosis/diagnosis , Craniotomy/methods , Neurocysticercosis/therapy , Fundus Oculi
3.
Rev. neuro-psiquiatr. (Impr.) ; 78(3): 159-164, jul.-sept.2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-781626

ABSTRACT

Se reporta el caso de un paciente varón de 63 años; natural y procedente de Juliaca, que ingresó por un cuadro de episodios paroxismales de afasia transitoria, de 2 minutos de duración asociado a cefalea, sin trastorno de conciencia. No antecedentes de epilepsia, ni otros antecedentes patológicos. Al examen físico se evidenció episodios de parafasias semánticas y literales transitorias, de 1-2 minutos de duración. Los hallazgos de la tomografía cerebral y de la resonancia de encéfalo mostraron imágenes quísticas confluentes en valle silviano izquierdo de aspecto racemoso además de quistes vesiculares intraparenquimales peri-silvianos; los cuales resultaron definitivos para el diagnóstico. El presente caso de neurocisticercosis Mixta se manifestó como crisis epilépticas focales caracterizadas por afasia paroxismal, destacándose la presentación atípica. Se hace una breve revisión de la literatura...


We report a case of a 63-year old male patient; living in Juliaca, who was admitted with symptoms of paroxysmal episodes of transient aphasia lasting 2 minutes of associated with headache but without consciousness disturbances. He did not have history of epilepsy or other past medical history. Physical examination revealed transient semantic and literal paraphasias of 1 to 2 minutes of duration. The findings on computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain disclosed multiple confluent cysts in clusters in the left sylvian fissure and vesicular perisylvian intraparenchymal cysts; all of which were definitive for the diagnosis. Highlighting the atypical presentation, this case of mixed neurocysticercosis was manifested as focal seizures characterized by paroxysmal aphasia. A brief literature review is presented...


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Aphasia , Epilepsies, Partial , Neurocysticercosis , Neurocysticercosis/diagnosis , Neurocysticercosis/therapy , Peru
5.
Lima; s.n; 2014. 56 p. tab, graf.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-724516

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Determinar las características clínico-epidemiológicas de los pacientes con Neurocisticercosis que no responden al tratamiento antiparasitario con Albendazol en el Hospital Nacional Luis N. Sáenz-PNP durante Junio del 2009 a Junio del 2011. METODOLOGIA: Se realizó un estudio observacional, analítico-comparativo, retrospectivo, transversal. El tamaño de la población en estudio fue de 78 pacientes divididos en dos grupos: 33 pacientes con Neurocisticercosis que no responden al tratamiento antiparasitario con Albendazol y 45 pacientes con Neurocisticercosis que si responden al tratamiento antiparasitario con Albendazol. Las fuentes de información son las historias clínicas de aquellos pacientes con esta patología, que acudieron al Hospital Luis N. Sáenz durante Junio 2009 y Junio 2011. RESULTADOS: La edad promedio de los pacientes fue 37.7 años, con rangos de 18 a 34 años (41 por ciento), siendo la mayoría de sexo Masculino (65.4 por ciento). Las características sociodemográficas como la edad (p=0.973) y el sexo (p=0.243) no resultaron significativas con la respuesta o no al tratamiento antiparasitario con Albendazol. El 42.4 por ciento de los pacientes con NCC que no respondieron al tratamiento tuvieron un tiempo de enfermedad de 1 mes muy similar al 42.2 por ciento de los pacientes que si respondieron al tratamiento (p=0.344). El diagnóstico de la NCC en el 33.3 por ciento de los pacientes que no respondieron al tratamiento fue mediante Clínica y Neuroimágenes, a diferencia de los pacientes que si respondieron al tratamiento quienes tuvieron un diagnóstico mediante Clínica, Neuroimagen y Serología (26.7 por ciento) (p=0.129). Se observó que existe relación entre la localización de la NCC y la respuesta o no al tratamiento antiparasitario con Albendazol (p=0.002). La mayoría de los pacientes sin respuesta y con respuesta al tratamiento presentaron la forma quística (36.4 por ciento y 42.2 por ciento respectivamente) (p=0.832). Los principales signos y...


OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the patients with neurocysticercosis that no responds to antiparasitic treatment with AIbendazol at National Hospital Luis N. Saenz-PNP during June 2009 to June 2011. METHODOLOGY: We conducted an observational study comparative-analytical, cross-sectional retrospective. The size of the study population was 78 patients divided into two groups: 33 patients with neurocysticercosis who do not respond to antiparasitic treatment with Albendazol and 45 patients with neurocysticercosis that whether they respond to antiparasitic treatment with AIbendazol. The sources of information are the clinical records of those patients with this pathology who attended the Hospital Luis N. Saenz during June 2009 and June 2011. RESULTS: The average age of the patients was 37.7 years oId, ranging from 18-34 years (41 per cent), the majority of male sex (65.4 per cent). The sociodemographic characteristics such as age (p=0.973) and sex (p=0.243) were not statistically significant with the answer or not to the antiparasitic treatment with Albendazol. The 42.4 per cent of patients with NCC who did not respond treatment had a disease duration of one month very similar to the 42.2 per cent of patients who did respond to treatment (p=0.344). The diagnosis of NCC in 33.3 per cent of patients who did not respond to the treatment was by Clinical and Neuroimaging, unlike patients who responded to treatment whether they had a diagnosis by clinical, neuroimaging and serology (26.7 per cent) (p=0.129). It was observed that there is relationship between the location of the NCC and the response or not to the Albendazol antiparasitic treatment (p=0.002). The majority of the patients with and without response to the treatment presented the form cystic (36.4 per cent and 42.2 per cent respectively) (p=0.832). The main signs and symptoms of patients with and without antiparasitic treatment response were: Nausea and vomiting...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Albendazole/therapeutic use , Antiparasitic Agents/therapeutic use , Treatment Failure , Neurocysticercosis/diagnosis , Neurocysticercosis/epidemiology , Neurocysticercosis/therapy , Observational Study , Retrospective Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies
6.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 32(4)dez. 2013. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-721640

ABSTRACT

Neurocysticercosis is an endemic infeccion in Brazil, but the intramedullary cases are rare, 1,2% to 5,8% of all cases. There are only fifty cases reported until January of 2011. Intramedullary neurocysticerosis is a treatable pathology but if misdiagnosed it could lead to irreversible damage. Twenty eight year old female patient, previously healthy, was admitted due to a fall. She had progressive walking difficulties and impaired sensation in both lower limbs two months before admission. Contrast MRI revealed a round intramedullary cystic lesion at T2 e T3. The patient underwent laminectomy from T2 to T3, and the spinal cord was found locally swollen near the exit root at this level. A mielotomy was performed where a round protrusion was seen near the root. Histological examination of the resected sample showed cysticercosis. After surgical excision she received albendazol and streoids. The patient?s neurological function postoperatively was unchanged. One week later, the motor power of her lower limbs were grade 4/5, and she could walk without special support. The function of anal sphincter and bladder regained without compromise. She was back to work. This reflects dramatically in an active portion of population since it affects mostly people between 20 to 45 years. So it still represents a challenge and this paper intend to show our experience and by that help future diagnostics.


A neurocisticercose é uma doença endêmica no Brasil, mas os casos de lesão intramedular são raros, representando 1,2% a 5,8% das neurocisticercoses. Há apenas 50 casos relatados até 2011 na literatura. É uma patologia potencialmente tratável, mas erro diagnóstico pode causar dano neurológico irreversível. Apresentamos um caso de paciente de 28 anos, previamente hígida, admitida após uma queda. Relatava fraqueza progressiva e déficit sensitivo em membros inferiores com dois meses de evolução. Ressonância magnética revelou lesão cística intramedular em T2-T3. A paciente foi submetida à laminectomia T2-T3, com mietomia e ressecção de lesão cística completa. Exame histológico revelou cisticercose. Realizaremos revisão da literatura com ênfase no diagnóstico e tratamento da neurocisticercose medular, que podem representar um desafio ao neurocirurgião.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Neurocysticercosis/diagnosis , Neurocysticercosis/therapy , Spinal Cord Diseases
7.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 71(9B): 710-713, set. 2013.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-688526

ABSTRACT

Cysticercosis is one of the most common parasitic diseases of the nervous system in humans, and constitutes a major public health problem for most of the developing world. The clinical manifestations of neurocysticercosis (NCC) largely depend on the the host immune response against the parasite. NCC diagnosis is based upon neuroimaging studies (computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging) and antibody/antigen detection in the serum and the cerebrospinal fluid. Anticysticercal therapy has been marked by an intense controversy. Randomized controlled trials evaluating the clinical benefit of treatment have yield conflicting data with some studies indicating a benefit and others failing to show a difference. Prevention strategies must rely on multiple approaches, tailoring each to the special features of the particular endemic area.


A cisticercose é uma das doenças parasitárias mais frequentes do sistema nervoso humano e constitui grave problema de saúde pública na maioria dos países em desenvolvimento. As manifestações clínicas da neurocisticercose (NCC) estão na dependência do número, tipo, localização e estágio de desenvolvimento dos cisticercos, assim como da resposta imunológica do hospedeiro contra o parasita. O diagnóstico da NCC é baseado nos exames de neuroimagem (tomografia computadorizada, ressonância magnética) e na detecção de antígenos/anticorpos no soro e no líquido cefalorraquiano. O tratamento antiparasitário tem sido marcado por uma intensa controvérsia. Os ensaios controlados e randomizados avaliando os benefícios clínicos da terapêutica têm revelado dados conflitantes em que alguns estudos indicam um benefício e outros não. As estratégias de prevenção devem ser fundamentadas na adoção simultânea de múltiplas medidas, adaptadas às características específicas de uma determinada região endêmica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Neurocysticercosis , Albendazole/therapeutic use , Anthelmintics/therapeutic use , Neurocysticercosis/cerebrospinal fluid , Neurocysticercosis/diagnosis , Neurocysticercosis/therapy , Praziquantel/therapeutic use
8.
Rev. chil. neurocir ; 37: 37-41, jul. 2011. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-708074

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Neurocisticercosis es la infección parasitaria más frecuente del sistema nervioso central, causada por ingesta de alimentos contaminados con huevos del céstodo Taenia solium. La forma más común de presentación son crisis covulsivas. Objetivo: Realizar perfil epidemiológico y clínico de pacientes con diagnóstico de neurocisticercosis en el Hospital de Temuco, entre los años 2000-2006. Pacientes y Método: Revisión retrospectiva del 100 por ciento (n = 26) de historias clínicas de pacientes ingresados con diagnóstico de neurocisticercosis, según código de la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades (CIE – 10 B69.0), entre 1 de enero de 2000 y 31 de diciembre de 2006. Resultados: Media de edad al diagnóstico de 33,6 años; 65,3 por ciento de sexo masculino; 73,1 por ciento no registró apellidos de origen mapuche; 73,0 por ciento fueron procedentes de áreas urbanas. Crisis convulsivas fue el motivo de consulta más frecuente. Mediana de evolución de 30 días al momento de la consulta; 30,7 por ciento descritos como “larga data”, sin estimación exacta del tiempo evolución. El 100 por ciento fue estudiado con neuroimágenes. La mayoría presentó 2 o más lesiones y 80 por ciento de localización parenquimatosa; 30,7 por ciento requirió cirugía, indicada por hidrocefalia secundaria. No hubo pacientes fallecidos en esta serie. Conclusiones: Afecta a población activa, con predominio de sexo masculino, la mayoría sin apellidos mapuches y de procedencia urbana. Uno de cada tres pacientes consultó por crisis convulsivas. Todos nuestros pacientes fueron estudiados con neuroimágenes, que mostraron dos lesiones y de ubicación parenquimatosa en la mayoría de los casos. Un tercio requirió manejo quirúrgico, por hidrocefalia secundaria como complicación.


Introduction: Neurocysticercosis is the most common parasitic infection of the central nervous system caused from the ingestion of food that contains the Taenia solium eggs. Seizures are the most common clinical features. Aim: To establish an epidemiological-clinical profile of patients diagnosed with Neurocysticercosis in the Hospital of Temuco between the years 2000-2006. Methods and patients: Retrospective review of the 100 percent (n = 26) of clinical histories of patients diagnosed with Neurocysticercosis according to the International Classification of Diseases (CIE – 10 B69.0), between the 1st of January, 2000 and the 31th of December, 2006. Results: Average of age at diagnosis of 33,6 years old; 65,3 percent are male; 73,1 percent with no Mapudungun last names; 73,0 percent from urban areas. The principal reason of consult was seizures. Average 30-day evolution at the time of consultation; 30,7 percent were described as “long data”, without an exact estimation of the time of evolution. Within the 100 percent that was studied with neuroimaging, most of them presented two lesions and 80 percent was in the parenchyma; 30,7 percent needed surgery, in most of the cases because of hydrocephalus. Any of the patients died in this group. Conclusions: This pathology affects active population. Just a few were male, and most of them did not have Mapudungun last names or come from urban areas. One of three patients consulted because of seizures. All of the patients were studied with neuroimaging and in most cases they had two lesions and parenchymal localization. One of three patients required surgical management because of hydrocephalus.


Subject(s)
Humans , Albendazole/therapeutic use , Craniotomy , Diagnostic Imaging , Neurocysticercosis/complications , Neurocysticercosis/diagnosis , Neurocysticercosis/epidemiology , Neurocysticercosis/therapy , Taenia solium/growth & development , Taenia solium/pathogenicity , Chile , Retrospective Studies
9.
Rev. peru. med. exp. salud publica ; 27(4): 586-591, dic. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-573939

ABSTRACT

La neurocisticercosis (NCC) es la parasitosis humana más frecuente del sistema nervioso central y es causada por las larvas del céstodo Taenia solium. La NCC es endémica en prácticamente todos los paises en vías de desarrollo. En general se presenta como formas intraparenquimales asociadas con convulsiones o formas extraparenquimales asociadas con hipertensión endocraneana. La sospecha clínica y epidemiológica es importante pero el diagnóstico se realiza primariamente por imágenes y se confirma con serología. La tomografía axial computarizada y la resonancia magnética son las pruebas imagenológicas usadas. Como prueba confirmatoria se usa el diagnóstico inmunológico a través de western blot, que actualmente se pude realizar en el Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas tanto en suero como en líquido cefalorraquídeo. El tratamiento involucra medidas sintomáticas (control de convulsiones o hipertensión endocraneana según sea el caso) y tratamiento antiparasitario (albendazol o praziquantel). El tratamiento antiparasitario debe hacerse bajo condiciones de hospitalización y en hospitales de tercer nivel.


Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the most common parasitic disease of the central nervous system and is caused by larvae of the tapeworn Taenia solium. NCC is endemic in almost all developing countries. It presents as intraparenchymal forms associated with seizures or as extraparenchymal forms associated with intracranial hypertension. The clinical and epidemiological suspicion are important but the diagnosis is made primarily by images and confirmed by serology. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging tests are used. Inmunodiagnosis by Western Blot, which is currently perform in the Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas in serum and cerebrospinal fluid serves as confirmatory test. Treatment involves symptomatic measures (control of seizures or intracranial hypertension) and anticysticercal medications (albendazole and praziquantel). Anticysticercal treatment should be used under hospital conditions because of secondary effects.


Subject(s)
Humans , Neurocysticercosis/diagnosis , Neurocysticercosis/therapy , Algorithms
10.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 69(1,supl.1): 114-120, 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-633622

ABSTRACT

Cisticercosis: enfermedad parasitaria que afecta en México al 3% de la población. Se considera que hay más de 50 millones de infectados en el mundo, endémica en México, Centro y Sudamérica, Africa, Asia e India. Considerada la enfermedad infecciosa neurológica más importante mundialmente por sus manifestaciones clínicas. El agente causal en cerdos y humanos es el cisticerco de la Taenia solium, que puede alojarse en músculo, cerebro y ventrículos. Si se ingiere carne de cerdo contaminada con cisticercos, se adquiere la solitaria, que vive en los intestinos del ser humano y genera miles de huevecillos que se excretan por la materia fecal. Al ingerir alimentos contaminados con materia fecal por el humano y el cerdo, se adquiere la cisticercosis que compromete distintas partes del organismo, especialmente el SNC. El ser humano es el único hospedero de la solitaria y el cerdo es intermediario, por lo que la prevalencia de la teniasis-cisticercosis depende de este vínculo. Se diagnostica en zonas endémicas por la presencia de crisis convulsivas, cefalea, síntomas neurológicos focales, trastornos de visión, hipertensión endocraneal y tomografía cerebral con zonas hipodensas o quiste con un anillo hiperdenso. El tratamiento con antiparasitarios es controversial en pediatría, se sugiere administrarse en la fase quística no calcificada y en casos de epilepsia asociada. Pocos son los casos que ameritan tratamiento quirúrgico por hidrocefalia o por cisticerco intraventricular, que es muy raro.


Cysticercosis: parasitic disease which affects 3% of the population in Mexico. It is considered that there are more than 50 million infected people in the world, endemic in Mexico, Central and South America, Africa, Asia and India. It is considered the most important neurological infectious disease world-wide for its clinical manifestations. The causal agent in pigs and humans is the cysticercus of the Taenia solium, that can lodge in muscle, brain and ventricles. If pork meat contaminated with cysticercus is eaten, the tapeworm will live in the human intestine and create thousands of eggs that are excreted by the feces. When food contaminated with fecal matter is consumed by man or pig, the cisticercosis is disseminated in several parts of the organism, specially CNS. Man is the only host of the tapeworm and the pig is the only intermediary, reason why the prevalence of the teniasis-cisticercosis depends on this bond. It is diagnosed in endemic zones by the presence of convulsion crises, focal migraine, neurological symptoms, disorders of vision, endocraneal hypertension and CT scan with hypodense zones or cysts with a hyperdense ring. The antiparasitic treatment in children is controversial among pediatricians; it is suggested to use it only in the non calcified cystic phase and in cases associated with epilepsy. Few are the cases of hydrocephalic or intraventricular cysticercus that need surgical treatment.


Subject(s)
Animals , Child , Humans , Neurocysticercosis/therapy , Cysticercus/physiology , Epilepsy/complications , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Neurocysticercosis/parasitology , Neurocysticercosis , Swine , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Taenia solium/physiology
11.
João Pessoa; UFPB. Monitoria de Parasitologia; 2008. ^c18m:23s.
Non-conventional in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-745465

ABSTRACT

Visa, de modo lúdico, trazer esclarecimentos a respeito da verdadeira forma de contágio para neurocisticercose de forma que a população passa se prevenir de forma consciente e eficiente contra esta parasitose...


Subject(s)
Humans , Food Hygiene , Health Education , Neurocysticercosis/diagnosis , Neurocysticercosis/immunology , Neurocysticercosis/prevention & control , Neurocysticercosis/therapy , Taenia solium/immunology , Taenia solium/pathogenicity , Neurocysticercosis/complications , Neurocysticercosis/etiology , Neurocysticercosis/physiopathology
12.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 65(1): 124-129, mar. 2007. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-446693

ABSTRACT

Este estudo propõe-se verificar o perfil clínico-epidemiológico da neurocisticercose (NCC) em pacientes atendidos no Hospital Universitário Regional de Maringá. Foram analisados 6100 prontuários dos setores de Neurologia, Neuropediatria, Neurocirurgia e Psiquiatria, de janeiro/1998 a dezembro/2004. Destes, foram selecionados 48 com diagnóstico de NCC. O número de casos de NCC observados superou aqueles notificados à Vigilância Epidemiológica nos anos de 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002 e 2004. Houve predomínio do gênero feminino (p<0,001), com idade entre 31-60 anos (43,7 por cento) e residentes na zona urbana (93,8 por cento). A epilepsia por NCC (IC=1,77;16,07; p=0,0024) foi de início tardio e generalizada em 91,7 por cento dos pacientes, estando associada a cefaléia em 37,5 por cento dos pacientes. Houve necessidade de internação em 22,9 por cento dos pacientes, com tempo médio de internação de 3,91±3,35dias. Concluiu-se que o perfil clínico-epidemiológico observado é peculiar, apresentando alguns pontos em comum com estudos conduzidos em outras regiões endêmicas brasileiras.


The aim of this study was to drawn an epidemiological and clinical profile of the neurocysticercosis (NCC) patients assisted by Hospital Universitário Regional de Maringá. A transversal, retrospective and descriptive study based on 6,100 records of the Neurology, Neuropediatry, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry clinics was done from January/1998 to December/2004. Of these, 48 were selected with diagnosis of NCC. The prevalence was greater in female (p<0.001), 31-60 years (43.7 percent), and urban zone (93.8 percent). The number of NCC cases overcame those notified to the Epidemic Surveillance in 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002 and 2004. The epilepsy due to NCC (CI=1.77;16.07; p=0.0024) was generalized and of late onset in 91.7 percent patients, being associated to headache in 37.5 percent ones. There was need of hospitalization in 22.9 percent of the patients (medium time of 3.91±3.35 days). It was concluded that the epidemiological and clinical profile observed is peculiar, displaying some common points with other Brazilian studies.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Neurocysticercosis/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Neurocysticercosis/diagnosis , Neurocysticercosis/therapy , Retrospective Studies
13.
Rev. méd. hondur ; 75(1): 22-29, ene.-mar. 2007. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-476361

ABSTRACT

Las calcificaciones cerebrales ocurren en estadíos tardíos de varias enfermedades infecciosas o inflamatorias incluyendo la neurocisticercosis (NCC). Existen escasos reportes en la literatura médica internacional sobre la aparición de edema alrededor de calcificaciones acompañado de síntomas neurológicos. Se presenta caso de una paciente evaluada de emergencia en dos oportunidades por presentar crisis epilépticas y déficit neurológico. La paciente había recibido albendazol hacía 10 años para tratamiento de cisticercos y era portadora de válvula para manejo de hidrocefalia. La tomografía cerebral mostró calcificaciones cerebrales con edema perilesional en ambas ocasiones, el cual mejoró después del tratamiento con esteroides. Se discuten las teorías sobre este fenómeno. Este caso apoya el concepto de que la calcificación con edema perilesionales otro estadío poco reconocido de la NCC...


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Calcinosis/diagnosis , Brain Edema/diagnosis , Neurocysticercosis/therapy , Brain Edema/metabolism , Brain Diseases , Epilepsy/diagnosis
14.
Rev. neuro-psiquiatr. (Impr.) ; 68(3/4): 153-171, sept.-dic. 2005. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-484155

ABSTRACT

La neurocisticercosis ha sido por muchos años una preocupación importante para los neurocirujanos de los países en desarrollo, particularmente de Asia, Africa y América Latina, existiendo una profusa literatura en estas áreas geográficas. La cirugía ha sido siempre considerada como tratamiento sintomático de esta enfermedad parasitaria, sin embargo los más importantes aportes se han dado recién en las dos útimas décadas y así hemos mejorado mucho en el diagnóstico con la aparición de la TAC al final de los años 70 y la RMN al final de los 80; por esta época también fueron introducidas las pruebas de Elisa y Western Blot, técnicas para el diagnóstico inmunológico de gran sensibilidad, que siguen siendo extraordinariamente útiles. Durante las cuatro décadas anteriores, operamos 237 pacientes con neurocisticercosis y realizamos 494 tipos de procedimientos quirúrgicos distintos. Dada la facilidad de diagnóstico (Elisa, Western Blot, CAT y RNM) entre 1994 y 2003 tuvimos solamente 52 casos. Muchos casos fueron tratados por neurólogos o médicos generales. La forma racemosa de cisticercosis estuvo presente en casi la mitad del número total. La hipertensión intracranial fue la forma más común de presentación clínica y por ello 43 de 52 casos requirieron una derivación del LCR y 27 de 43 derivaciones fueron requeridas como único procedimiento quirúrgico posible. Craneotomía fue requerida sólo en 10 casos y 12 casos fueron tratados con neuroendoscopía. confirmamos que la neuroendoscopía es una técnica útil en el tratamiento de la cisticercosis ventricular, con extirpación de quistes y membranas en 9 casos. Fenestración de III Ventrículo fue ralizada en 5 casos. En 3 casos fue necesario también fenestración de septum pellucidum. Dado que la localización ventricular de la cisticercosis es muy frecuente (27 casos) recomendamos la exploración intraventricular con el uso de técnicas neuroendoscópicas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Neurocysticercosis/surgery , Neurocysticercosis/therapy , Retrospective Studies
15.
J. bras. med ; 88(5): 36-38, maio 2005. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-561183

ABSTRACT

Os autores relatam o caso clínico de um paciente de 24 anos de idade, suinocultor, portador de neurocisticercose. O paciente apresentou um episódio de crise convulsiva e sua tomografia computadorizada de crãnio revelou lesões parenquimatosas sugestivas de neurocisticercose nos quatro estágios da doença (vesicular, vesicular coloidal, granular nodular e nodular calcificado). A neurocisticercose é a doença parasitária mais comum do sistema nervoso, sendo também a causa mais comum de crises epilépticas nos países em desenvolvimento, onde a prevalência das crises é duas vezes maior que nos países desenvolvidos.


It has been reported a clinical case of 24 years-old patient, farmer with neurocysticercosis. The patient presented a epileptic seizure and his computed tomography showed intraparenchymal lesions in the four stages of disease. Neurocysticercosis is the most common parasitic disease of the nervous system in humans and the single most common cause of acquired epileptic seizures in the developing world, where prevalence rates of active epilepsy are twice those in developed countries.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Neurocysticercosis/diagnosis , Neurocysticercosis/etiology , Neurocysticercosis/physiopathology , Neurocysticercosis/parasitology , Neurocysticercosis/therapy , Neurocysticercosis/transmission , Central Nervous System/parasitology , Albendazole/therapeutic use , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Antigens, Helminth/therapeutic use , Epilepsy/etiology , Phenytoin/therapeutic use , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/trends , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Prednisone/therapeutic use , Taenia solium/pathogenicity
16.
Neurosciences. 2005; 10 (2): 183-185
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-73769

ABSTRACT

Neurocysticercosis is a common cause of adult onset epilepsy. Neurocysticercosis in pregnancy can present with convulsions and may be difficult to differentiate from a pregnancy related disorder. We present a case of neurocysticercosis diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Neurocysticercosis/complications , Neurocysticercosis/therapy , Brain Diseases/diagnosis , Brain Diseases/parasitology , Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic , Seizures/parasitology , Diagnosis, Differential , Magnetic Resonance Imaging
17.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 62(3B): 885-888, set. 2004. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-384147

ABSTRACT

A hidrossiringomielia é definida como uma dilatação longitudinal do canal central da medula espinhal cujo conteúdo é semelhante ao líquido cefalorraquidiano e que freqüentemente produz comprometimento neurológico. Apresentamos o caso de uma paciente de 33 anos, submetida a vários tratamentos clínicos e cirúrgicos para neurocisticercose severa, que tardiamente apresentou quadro de paraparesia progressiva, quando foi então, detectada uma hidrosiringomielia. O tratamento cirúrgico obteve resolução do quadro neurológico e considerável diminuição da cavidade hidrosiringomiélica. A possibilidade do desenvolvimento de hidrossiringomielia nas formas severas de neurocisticercose submetidas a vários tipos de tratamento deve ser suspeitada e investigada.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Neurocysticercosis/therapy , Syringomyelia/etiology , Albendazole/therapeutic use , Anthelmintics/therapeutic use , Neurocysticercosis/complications , Severity of Illness Index , Syringomyelia/diagnosis , Syringomyelia/surgery
18.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 34(3): 283-290, maio-jun. 2001. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-461973

ABSTRACT

It has been estimated that 50 million people are infected with the taeniasis/cysticercosis complex in the world today and that 50,000 die each year. It also appears that 350,000 individuals remain infected in Latin America. In Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, neurocysticercosis has been identified in 7.5% of the patients admitted to a ward specialized in the treatment of neurologic diseases. Its clinical manifestations comprise seizures, intracranial hypertension, cysticercotic meningitis, psychiatric symptoms, apoplectic or endarteritic form, and spinal cord syndrome. Lethality of neurocysticercosis varies from 16.4% to 25.9%. Diagnosis is dependent on the results of computed tomography of the brain and examination of the cerebrospinal fluid. Lately, albendazole in association with steroids has been elected the treatment of choice for neurocysticercosis. In the authors' opinion, compulsory notification of cases and preventive measures should be implemented. In Brazil, in the absence of a centralized program of control, regional initiatives should be stimulated, keeping in mind WHO's advice: [quot ]Think globally, act locally[quot ].


Estima-se que 50 milhões de indivíduos estejam infectados pelo complexo teníase/cisticercose no mundo e que 50.000 morrem a cada ano. Cerca de 350.000 pessoas encontram-se infectadas na América Latina. Em Ribeirão Preto, no Brasil, diagnosticou-se a neurocisticercose em 7,5% dos pacientes admitidos em enfermaria de neurologia. As manifestações clínicas incluem crises epilépticas, hipertensão intracraniana, meningite cisticercótica, distúrbios psíquicos, forma apoplética ou endarterítica e síndrome medular. A gravidade da doença pode ser ajuizada pela sua letalidade que varia de 16,4% a 25,9%. O diagnóstico de neurocisticercose baseia-se na análise dos exames de neuroimagem (tomografia computadorizada e ressonância nuclear magnética) e no exame do líquido cefalorraquiano. Recomenda-se, atualmente, o albendazol como o medicamento de primeira escolha no tratamento da doença, geralmente em associação com corticoesteróides. Os autores defendem a notificação compulsória e medidas preventivas no controle da parasitose. No Brasil, na ausência de programa nacional de controle, os projetos de prevenção constituem iniciativas regionais, tendo como lema o alerta da OMS: "Pense globalmente, atue localmente".


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Neurocysticercosis , Life Cycle Stages , Neurocysticercosis/diagnosis , Neurocysticercosis/epidemiology , Neurocysticercosis/therapy , Taenia/physiology
20.
In. Farhat, Calil Kairalla; Carvalho, Eduardo da Silva; Carvalho, Luiza Helena Falleiros Rodrigues; Succi, Regina Célia de Menezes. Infectologia pediátrica. Säo Paulo, Atheneu, 2 ed; 1998. p.111-4, tab.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-260876
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