ABSTRACT
Schistosomiasis mansoni presents many clinical manifestations during migration of schistosomes in their hosts, including diarrhea, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, liver abscesses, skinlesions, brain tumors and myeloradiculopathy. No lesions have been reported in skeletal striated muscles due to schistosomiasis mansoni in the literature. This short communication reports the histopathological findings on skeletal musculature in a murine model of neuroeschistosomiasis mansoni. Lesions were found in the tongue, masseter muscle, buccinator muscle, digastric muscle and temporalis muscle. Worm recovery was carried out to confirm the infection. We describe here, for the first time in the literature, injuries in the skeletal musculature due to Schistosoma mansoni nfection.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Schistosomiasis mansoni/pathology , Neuroschistosomiasis/pathology , Muscle, Striated/parasitology , Muscle, Striated/pathology , Granuloma/parasitology , Granuloma/pathology , Disease Models, AnimalABSTRACT
The Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 listed schistosomiasis among the leading 100 causes of death in Brazil, responsible for 3.6% of the estimated total of deaths globally. Eye and adnexa are very rarely affected by schistosomiasis mansoni, with limited documentation of ocular pathology in this setting. This short communication reports ocular histolopathological findings in a murine model of neuroschistosomiasis mansoni. Lesions were found in the bulbar conjunctiva, lacrimal gland, choroid and corneoscleral limbus.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Schistosomiasis mansoni/parasitology , Eye Infections, Parasitic/parasitology , Neuroschistosomiasis/parasitology , Schistosoma mansoni/isolation & purification , Schistosomiasis mansoni/physiopathology , Schistosomiasis mansoni/pathology , Brazil , Eye Infections, Parasitic/physiopathology , Eye Infections, Parasitic/pathology , Neuroschistosomiasis/physiopathology , Neuroschistosomiasis/pathology , Disease Models, AnimalABSTRACT
Introduction Human neuroschistosomiasis has been reported in the literature, but the possibility of modeling neuroschistosomiasis in mice is controversial. Methods In two research laboratories in Brazil that maintain the Schistosoma mansoni life cycle in rodents, two mice developed signs of brain disease (hemiplegia and spinning), and both were autopsied. Results S. mansoni eggs, both with and without granuloma formation, were observed in the brain and meninges of both mice by optical microscopy. Conclusions This is the first description of eggs in the brains of symptomatic mice that were experimentally infected with S. mansoni. An investigation of experimental neuroschistosomiasis is now feasible. .
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Mice , Brain Diseases/parasitology , Neuroschistosomiasis/parasitology , Schistosoma mansoni , Schistosomiasis mansoni/parasitology , Brain Diseases/pathology , Disease Models, Animal , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Neuroschistosomiasis/pathology , Parasite Egg Count , Schistosomiasis mansoni/pathologyABSTRACT
The diagnosis of schistosomal myelitis (SM) is frequently presumptive because no findings from any complementary examination are pathognomonic for this disease. The present report describes some abnormalities seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation of a series of SM patients and discusses their etiopathogenesis. Methods: This study evaluated SM patients at the time of their diagnosis. These patients routinely underwent MRI on all segments of the spinal cord. Results: Thirteen patients were evaluated. The MRI was abnormal in 12 (92.3 percent) of them. In 11 patients (84.61 percent), the damage reached two or more spinal segments. Conclusions: MRI was an important diagnostic aid in this sample, because of the high rate of abnormalities detected. The tissue damage observed on MRI was extensive in the majority of the patients.
O diagnóstico da mielite esquistossomótica é frequentemente realizado por presunção, não havendo achado de exame complementar que seja patognomônico à condição. O presente estudo descreve alterações presentes na avaliação desses pacientes pela técnica da ressonância magnética e discute sua etiopatogênese. Métodos: O estudo avaliou pacientes com mielite esquistossomótica no momento do diagnóstico, os quais foram submetidos, rotineiramente, à ressonância magnética de todos os segmentos medulares. Resultados: Foram avaliados 13 pacientes, sendo a ressonância magnética alterada em 92.3 por cento dos casos. Em 11 pacientes (84.61 por cento), o dano abrangeu dois ou mais segmentos espinais. Conclusões: A ressonância magnética espinhal foi um importante auxílio diagnóstico nessa casuística em virtude da alta taxa de alterações detectadas. O dano tecidual observado foi extenso na maioria dos pacientes.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Neuroschistosomiasis/pathology , Spinal Cord/pathology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Magnetic Resonance ImagingABSTRACT
Schistosomiasis of the spinal cord is an uncommon but potentially curable form of schistosomiasis, if diagnosed and managed early. The spinal cord is more frequently affected in Schistosomo mansoni or S. hoemotobium infections. This paper describes the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management of schistosomiasis of the spinal cord in 5 patients attending Shaab and Ibn Khuldoun Hospitals, Khartoum from 1997 to 2007. There were 4 males and 1 female aged 9-45 years. They presented with symptoms and signs due to cord compression at the lower thoracic and lumbar vertebrae. Imaging studies revealed intramedullary masses compressing the cord. Biopsy showed ova of 5. mansoni with surrounding inflammatory reaction. The cord showed demyelination nearthe ova and an associated inflammatory reaction. Patients responded well to surgical decompression and treatment with praziquantel and oral steroids
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Neuroschistosomiasis/pathology , Neuroschistosomiasis/surgery , Neuroschistosomiasis/drug therapy , Spinal Cord/pathology , Spinal Cord/parasitologyABSTRACT
A presente revisão tem por objetivo realizar um estudo da forma ectópica da esquistossomose, enfatizando o acometimento do sistema nervoso pelo S. mansoni. A neuroesquistossomose é uma doença considerada rara, embora seja a segunda forma mais comum de apresentação da doença. Considerando as formas sintomáticas da neuroesquistossomose relacionada com o S. mansoni, a medula espinhal é afetada com maior frequência do que o cérebro. A apresentação neurológica da neuroesquistossomose é variável e não existe uma manifestação típica para orientar o diagnóstico, podendo ser confundido com o de outras etiologias. Considerando que o tratamento precoce dessa doença é fundamental para se evitar sequelas e o uso indiscriminado de medicamentos pelo paciente, é necessário um diagnóstico seguro e preciso.
This review aims to conduct a study of ectopic form of schistosomiasis with emphasis on the nervous system by S. mansoni. Neuroschistosomiasis The disease is considered rare, although it is the second most common form of disease presentation. Considering the symptomatic forms of neuroschistosomiasis related to S. mansoni the spinal cord is affected more frequently than the brain. The neurological presentation of neuroschistosomiasis is variable and there is a typical manifestation to guide diagnosis and may be confused with other causes. Whereas the early treatment of this disease is critical to prevent sequelae and indiscriminate use of drugs to the patient, you need a safe and accurate diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Schistosoma mansoni , Schistosomiasis , Spinal Cord/pathology , Neuroschistosomiasis/diagnosis , Neuroschistosomiasis/pathologyABSTRACT
Os programas de controle da esquistossomose têm obtido relativo sucesso ao controlar a morbidade relacionada a altas cargas parasitárias desta doença, sem, no entanto, diminuir a área de transmissão no Brasil. Como a neuroesquistossomose medular á uma forma grave de esquistossomose não relacionada a altas cargas parasitárias existe risco teórico de ocorrer em áreas de baixa endemicidade. O objetivo deste estudo foi estudar a ocorrência da NE (neuroesquistossomose) medular em uma região de baixa endemicidade, região de Campinas, estado de São Paulo. Foi feito um estudo retrospectivo, descritivo de base hospitalar com busca ativa em múltiplas fontes de informação. Utilizou-se como base os dois maiores hospitais públicos da região de Campinas. Os pacientes com diagnóstico de NE medular tiveram seus diagnósticos ratificados por critérios padronizados e baseados em quadro clínico típico, comprovação da infecção por Schistosoma mansoni e exclusão de outras causas de mielopatia. Os pacientes foram classificados como autóctones, importados, sem informação e indeterminado. Após esta classificação os dados clínicos e epidemiológicos foram analisados. Foram identificados 27 pacientes com NE medular dos quais 19 (85,2%) homens e 4 (14,8%) mulheres, as idades no momento do diagnóstico foram de 13 a 57 anos (média=31,2; desvio padrão= 12,8 e mediana=29). Os pacientes foram classificados quanto ao local provável de infecção da seguinte forma: 14(51,9%) autóctones, 11(40,7%) importados e 2(7,4%) sem informações, não houve paciente classificado como indeterminado. Todos os pacientes importados se infectaram em municípios de áreas de alta endemicidade. A clínica deste grupo de pacientes não foi diferente do encontrado na literatura, nem foi diferente quando comparados os pacientes autóctones com os importados. Houve uma demora média de 70,6 dias (mediana=19; dp=166,9) entre a primeira consulta e o diagnóstico...
Programs for schistosomiasis control have enjoyed relative success in controlling death associated to high parasitary loads for this illness, without, however, decreasing the area of transmission in Brazil. Since spinal neuroschistosomiasis is a grave form of neuroschistosomiasis unrelated to high parasitary loads, there is a theoretical risk of its occurrence even when not in a particularly endemic area. The goal of this study was to study the occurrence of spinal NE (neuroschistosomiasis) in a non-endemic area, the region of Campinas, in the Sate of São Paulo. A retrospective, descriptive, hospital-based study was carried, with information actively sought after from various sources of information. The two largest public hospitals in the region of Campinas were used as bases. The patients diagnosed with spinal NE had their diagnoses ratified according to standard criteria and based on typical clinical status, proof of infection by Schistosoma mansoni and the exclusion of other causes for myelopathy. Patients were classified as autochthonous, imported, without information and undetermined. After this classification, the clinical and epidemiological data were analyzed. A total of 27 patients with spinal NE were identified, of which 19 (85.2%) were men and 4 (14.8%) women. The ages on diagnosis ranged from 13 to 57 (average=31.2; standard deviation=12.8 and median=29). The patients were classified as to their probable location of infection the following way: 14(51.9%) autochthonous, 11(40.7%) imported and 2(7.4%) without information. No patients were deemed undetermined. All imported patients were infected in municipalities located in highly endemic areas. Clinical evaluation of this group of patients was no different from that found in the literature, nor was it different when autochthonous patients were compared to imported patients. There was an average period of 70.6 days (median=19; sd=166.9) between the first consultation and diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Schistosomiasis mansoni/parasitology , Central Nervous System Parasitic Infections/immunology , Spinal Cord/surgery , Myelitis/diagnosis , Neuroschistosomiasis/pathology , Epidemiological Monitoring/standardsABSTRACT
Caso raro de forma tumoral da esquistossomose mansoni cerebelar diagnosticada pela biópsia, em um paciente de 15 anos, que apresentou sinais e sintomas neurológicos 60 dias antes da cirurgia. A tomografia computadorizada revelou lesão expansiva, hiperdensa, localizada no cerebelo, sugestiva de glioma. O exame histopatológico mostrou numerosos ovos de S. mansoni envolvidos por reação inflamatória granulomatosa na fase necrótico-exsudativa, confluentes, localizados principalmente na camada interna, granular, do cerebelo, formando pseudotumor no verme cerebelar e hemorragia recente na ponte. Foram medidas as áreas dos granulomas.