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1.
Rev. bras. med. esporte ; 27(spe): 37-39, Mar. 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1156122

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT As a common metabolic disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common type of liver disease in western developed countries and an important liver disease in the Asia Pacific region. At present, NAFLD lacks targeted conventional therapy and its basic treatment is the correction of bad living habits. In order to verify the effectiveness of the basic treatment of NAFLD, and explore the prevention methods of NAFLD, this study used ultrasound diagnosis, baseline survey and follow-up survey, and conducted a cross-sectional study on the correlation between nighttime and midday sleep duration and NAFLD, and carried out a prospective study on the correlation between sleep duration and NAFLD. The results showed that there was a negative correlation between the length of sleep at night and the prevalence of NAFLD, while the length of midday sleep was positively correlated with the prevalence of NAFLD. The time of night sleep was an independent factor of NAFLD, and the relationship between midday sleep time and NAFLD was not statistically significant. NAFLD-susceptible people can prevent NAFLD by ensuring adequate sleep at night and reducing midday sleep. This study is expected to provide theoretical reference and data support for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.


RESUMO Como uma doença metabólica comum, a doença doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica (DHGNA) é o tipo de doença hepática mais comum nos países desenvolvidos ocidentais e uma doença hepática importante na região Ásia Pacífico. Atualmente, a DHGNA carece de terapia convencional orientada, e seu tratamento básico é a correção de maus hábitos de vida. A fim de verificar a eficácia do tratamento básico da DHGNA e explorar os métodos de prevenção da DHGNA, este estudo, baseado no diagnóstico por ultrassom, através do inquérito de base e do inquérito de acompanhamento, consistiu de estudo transversal sobre a correlação entre a duração do sono à noite e de dia e a DHGNA, e realizou um estudo prospectivo sobre a correlação entre a duração do sono e a DHGNA. Os resultados mostraram que havia uma correlação negativa entre a duração do sono à noite e a prevalência de DHGNA, enquanto a duração do sono de dia estava positivamente correlacionada com a prevalência da DHGNA. A hora do sono noturno foi um fator independente de DHGNA, e a relação entre o sono de dia e DHGNA não foi estatisticamente significativa. As pessoas sensíveis à DHGNA podem prevenir a DHGNA garantindo o sono adequado à noite e reduzindo o sono de dia. Espera-se que este estudo possa fornecer referências teóricas e suporte de dados para a prevenção e tratamento da DHGNA.


RESUMEN Como enfermedad metabólica común, la enfermedad del hígado graso no alcohólico (NAFLD) es el tipo más común de enfermedad hepática en los países desarrollados occidentales y una enfermedad hepática importante en la región de Asia que da al Pacífico. En la actualidad, la EHGNA carece de terapia convencional dirigida y su tratamiento básico es la corrección de los malos hábitos de vida. Con el fin de verificar la efectividad del tratamiento básico y explorar los métodos de prevención de la EHGNA, este estudio utilizó un diagnóstico por ultrasonido, una encuesta de referencia y una encuesta de seguimiento, condujo un estudio transversal sobre la correlación entre la duración del sueño nocturno y la siesta y la EHGNA, y realizó un estudio prospectivo sobre la correlación entre la duración del sueño y la EHGNA. Los resultados mostraron que hubo una correlación negativa entre la duración del sueño por la noche y la prevalencia de EHGNA, mientras que la duración de la siesta se correlacionó positivamente con la prevalencia de EHGNA. El tiempo de sueño nocturno fue un factor independiente de la EHGNA, y la relación entre el tiempo de siesta y la EHGNA no fue estadísticamente significativa. Las personas susceptibles a la EHGNA pueden prevenirla asegurando un sueño adecuado por la noche y reduciendo la siesta. Se espera que este estudio proporcione referencias teóricas y soporte de datos para la prevención y el tratamiento de la EHGNA.


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/diagnostic imaging , Sleep Hygiene , Time Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prospective Studies , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/prevention & control
2.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 54(10): e11391, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1285650

ABSTRACT

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized by hepatosteatosis and steatohepatitis, is intrinsically related to obesity. Our previous study reported on the anti-obese activity of α,β-amyrin (AMY), a pentacyclic triterpene isolated from Protium heptaphyllum. This study investigated its ability to prevent fatty liver and the underlying mechanism using the mouse model of NAFLD. NAFLD was induced in male Swiss mice fed a high fat diet (HFD) for 15 weeks. The controls were fed a normal chow diet (ND). The mice were simultaneously treated with AMY at 10 and 20 mg/kg or fenofibrate at 50 mg/kg. Lipid levels along with metabolic and inflammatory parameters were assessed in liver and serum. The liver sections were histologically examined using H&E staining. RT-qPCR and western blotting assays were performed to analyze signaling mechanisms. Mice fed HFD developed severe hepatic steatosis with elevated triglycerides and lipid droplets compared with ND controls. This was associated with a decrease in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity, an increase of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling, and enhanced sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1) expression, which have roles in lipogenesis, inhibition of lipolysis, and inflammatory response. AMY treatment reversed these signaling activities and decreased the severity of hepatic steatosis and inflammatory response, evidenced by serum and liver parameters as well as histological findings. AMY-induced reduction in hepatic steatosis seemed to involve AMPK-mTORC1-SREBP1 signaling pathways, which supported its beneficial role in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rabbits , Insulin Resistance , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/prevention & control , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/drug therapy , Oleanolic Acid/analogs & derivatives , Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 , AMP-Activated Protein Kinases , Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects , Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 , Liver , Mice, Inbred C57BL
3.
Rev. cuba. endocrinol ; 31(1): e178, ene.-abr. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1126450

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: Los adolescentes con historia familiar de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 presentan una mayor frecuencia de factores de riesgo cardiometabólico que elevan la probabilidad de desarrollar esta afección. Bajo esta hipótesis, se realizó este estudio. Objetivo: Identificar factores de riesgo cardiometabólico en adolescentes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2, como antecedente familiar. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en adolescentes con estos antecedentes en un consultorio del policlínico Luis A. Turcios Lima. Se exploraron variables clínicas, bioquímicas, de imagen y relacionadas con estilos de vida. Resultados: Se estudiaron 40 adolescentes, el 62,5 por ciento masculino. El 90 por ciento tenía como antecedentes otras enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en familiares de primer y segundo grados, con predominio de la hipertensión arterial. En relación a los estilos de vida, predominó el sedentarismo en el 45 por ciento. Se detectó 50 por ciento con obesidad abdominal, 25 por ciento con sobrepeso/obesidad, 15 por ciento con acantosis nigricans y 10 por ciento con prehipertensión. El 10 por ciento mostró dislipidemia y el 30 por ciento hígado graso no alcohólico, que se relacionó con la presencia de acantosis (p= 0,002) y circunferencia de cintura elevada (p= 0,024). El índice cintura-talla ≥ 0,50 se asoció con la presencia de acantosis nigricans (p= 0,000), aumento de la ecogenicidad hepática (p= 0,001) e hipertrigliceridemia (p= 0,000). Conclusiones: El sedentarismo, la obesidad central y el hígado graso no alcohólico, así como, la historia familiar de hipertensión arterial se presenta con elevada frecuencia en adolescentes con antecedentes familiares de DM2(AU)


ABSTRACT Introduction: Adolescents with family history of diabetes mellitus type 2 present a higher frequency of cardiometabolic risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing this condition. Under this hypothesis, this study was conducted. Objective: To identify cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents with diabetes mellitus type 2 as a family background. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in adolescents with this background in a Family Doctor´s office belonging to ´´Luis A. Turcios Lima´´ Policlinic. Clinical, biochemical, image and related to lifestyle variables were explored. Results: 40 adolescents were studied, 62.5 percent of them were males. The 90 percent had a history of other chronic non-communicable diseases in relatives of first and second degrees, with predominance of arterial hypertension. In relation to the lifestyle, there was a predominance of physical inactivity in the 45 percent. 50 percent was detected with abdominal obesity, 25 percent with overweight/obesity, 15 percent with acanthosis nigricans and 10 percent with pre-hypertension. The 10 percent showed dyslipidemia and the 30 percent had non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which was related to the presence of acanthosis nigricans (p= 0,002) and high waist circumference (p= 0.024). The waist/height rate ≥ 0.50 was associated with the presence of acanthosis nigricans (p= 0.000), increased echogenicity of the liver (p=0.001) and hypertriglyceridemia (p= 0.000). Conclusions: A sedentary lifestyle, central obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, as well as family background of hypertension occurs with high frequency in adolescents with family history of diabetes mellitus type 2(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Risk Factors , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/etiology , Obesity, Abdominal/epidemiology , Sedentary Behavior , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/prevention & control
4.
Int. j. morphol ; 36(4): 1350-1355, Dec. 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-975707

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: We sought to investigate the potential protective effect of Vitamin E supplementation against hepatocyte ultrastructural alterations induced by high fat diet (HFD) in a rat model of pre-diabetes. Therefore, rats were either fed with HFD (model group) or a standard laboratory chow (control group) for 12 weeks before being sacrificed. The protective group fed on a HFD and started the treatment with vitamin E (100 mg/kg/day, i.p) from day 1 until being sacrificed at week 12. The harvested liver tissues were examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and blood samples were assayed for biomarkers of liver injury and prediabetes. TEM images showed that HFD induced profound pathological changes to the hepatocyte ultrastructure as demonstrated by degenerated hepatocytes with damaged cytoplasm that have mitochondrial swelling, dilation of endoplasmic reticulum, blebbing of plasma membranes, and cytoplasmic accumulations of lipid droplets and vacuoles, which were substantially but not completely protected with vitamin E. In addition, HFD significantly (p<0.05) augmented biomarkers of liver injury and pre-diabetes such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), which were significantly (p<0.05) reduced with vitamin E except TNF-α and TC. Furthermore, none of these biomarkers were reduced to the control level by vitamin E. We conclude that vitamin E is a partial protective agent against HFD-induced liver injury and pre-diabetes.


RESUMEN: El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar el posible efecto protector de la administración de suplementos de vitamina E contra las alteraciones ultraestructurales de los hepatocitos inducidas por una dieta rica en grasas (DRG) en un modelo de prediabetes en ratas. Antes de ser sacrificadas las ratas fueron alimentadas con DRG (grupo modelo) o un alimento estándar de laboratorio (grupo control) durante 12 semanas. El grupo protector se alimentó con una DRG y comenzó el tratamiento con vitamina E (100 mg/kg/día, i.p) desde el día 1 hasta sacrificarlo en la semana 12. Los tejidos hepáticos recolectados se examinaron mediante microscopía electrónica de transmisión (MET) y se tomaron muestras de sangre y se analizaron los biomarcadores de daño hepático y prediabetes. Las imágenes de MET mostraron que el DRG indujo cambios patológicos profundos en la ultraestructura de los hepatocitos, como lo demuestran los hepatocitos degenerados con citoplasma dañado e hinchazón mitocondrial, dilatación del retículo endoplasmático, formación de ampollas en las membranas plasmáticas y acumulaciones citoplásmicas de gotas de lípidos y vacuolas, los que fueron sustancialmente protegidas con vitamina E. Además, DRG aumentó significativamente (p <0,05) los biomarcadores de daño hepático y prediabetes como alanina aminotransferasa (ALT), aspartato aminotransferasa (AST), factor de necrosis tumoral alfa (TNF-α), malondialdehído (MDA), colesterol total (CT), triglicéridos (TG) y lipoproteína de colesterol de baja densidad (LDL-C), la cual se redujo significativamente (p <0,05) con vitamina E, excepto TNF-α y CT. Ninguno de estos biomarcadores se redujo al nivel de control por la vitamina E. Concluimos que la vitamina E es un agente protector parcial contra la lesión hepática inducida por DRG y la prediabetes.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Prediabetic State/drug therapy , Vitamin E/administration & dosage , Hepatocytes/drug effects , Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects , Aspartate Aminotransferases/drug effects , Vitamin E/pharmacology , Cholesterol/analysis , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/drug effects , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Hepatocytes/ultrastructure , Microscopy, Electron, Transmission , Alanine Transaminase/drug effects , Disease Models, Animal , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/prevention & control , Liver/drug effects , Malondialdehyde/analysis
5.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 13(1): 34-40, Jan-Mar/2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-745867

ABSTRACT

Objective To determine the impact of physical activity on the prevalence of fatty liver, metabolic and cardiovascular disease in adult men. Methods This study evaluated 1,399 men (40.7±8.18 years) with body mass index of 26.7kg/m2 (±3.4) who participated in the Protocol of Preventive Health Check-up at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein from January to October 2011. We conducted tests of serum blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides, reactive c-protein, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. The statistical analysis comprised in the comparison of mean and standard deviation. The analysis of variance was based in two paths of two way ANOVA, Student’s t-test, Mann Whitney U test, Wald test and χ2. We considered a significance level at p<0.05 and correlation of univariate Poison with 95% confidence interval. Results Fatty liver was diagnosed in 37.0% of the sample. Triglyceride levels of active men with fatty liver were 148.2±77.6mg/dL while inactive men with fatty liver had 173.4±15.6mg/dL. The remaining serum levels were normal. Inactive individuals showed higher values than active. In addition, inactive individuals have 10.68 times higher risk of developing fatty liver compared with active. Conclusion Physical activity improves metabolic parameters such as triglycerides, weight control, HDL, which interfere in the development of fatty liver. Physically active individuals had lower fatty liver prevalence regardless of values of body composition and lipid profile, leading the conclusion that physical activity has a protective role against development of fatty liver. .


Objetivo Determinar o impacto do nível de atividade física na prevalência de esteatose hepática, perfil metabólico e comportamento cardiovascular em homens adultos. Métodos Foram avaliados 1.399 homens (40,7±8,18 anos) com índice massa corporal de 26,7kg/m2 (±3,4) pelo protocolo da Revisão Continuada de Saúde do Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein entre janeiro a outubro de 2011. Foram realizadas análise séricas de glicose sanguínea, colesterol total e séries, triglicerídeos, PCR, ALT, AST e Gama GT. A análise estatística utilizada consistiu na comparação de média e desvio padrão. A análise de variância de dois caminhos ANOVA two way, teste t de Student, teste U Mann Whitney, teste de Wald e teste χ2, sendo o nível de significância p<0,05 e correlação univariada de Poison, com intervalo de confiança de 95%. Resultados Os resultados demonstraram que 37,0% da amostra apresentou diagnóstico de esteatose hepática. Homens ativos com esteatose hepática apresentaram níveis de triglicerídeos de 148,2±77,6mg/dL enquanto os inativos com esteatose hepática apresentaram 173,4±15,6mg/dL. Os demais níveis séricos apresentaram-se dentro dos padrões considerados saudáveis, porém os inativos apresentaram todos os valores superiores, em relação aos ativos. Apontou-se que indivíduos inativos apresentam 10,68 vezes maior risco em desenvolver esteatose hepática em relação aos ativos. Conclusão A atividade física melhora os indicadores metabólicos, como triglicérides, controle de peso, HDL, que interferem no desenvolvimento de esteatose hepática, mostrando que indivíduos fisicamente ativos apresentaram menor prevalência de esteatose hepática independentemente dos valores de composição corporal e perfil lipídico, concluindo que a atividade física apresenta papel protetor no desenvolvimento de esteatose hepática. .


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Exercise/physiology , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/prevention & control , Age Factors , Anthropometry , Alanine Transaminase/blood , Aspartate Aminotransferases/blood , Blood Glucose/analysis , Blood Pressure/physiology , Brazil/epidemiology , C-Reactive Protein/analysis , Cardiovascular Diseases/blood , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Cholesterol/blood , Epidemiologic Methods , Metabolic Syndrome/blood , Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Metabolic Syndrome/prevention & control , Motor Activity/physiology , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/blood , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/epidemiology , Obesity/complications , Protective Factors , Triglycerides/blood , gamma-Glutamyltransferase/blood
6.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 51(3): 255-260, Jul-Sep/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-723856

ABSTRACT

Objectives Panax ginseng, Camellia sinensis and bezafibrate were compared for their lipid-lowering, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties as potential agents to prevent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its progression to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Methods Fifty Wistar rats were randomized into five groups: G1 (feed with standard diet); G2 (feed with high-fat diet with 58% of energy from fat); G3 (high-fat diet + standardized Panax ginseng extract at 100 mg/kg/day); G4 (high-fat diet + standardized Camellia sinensis extract at 100 mg/kg/day); and G5 (high-fat diet + bezafibrate at 100 mg/kg/day), given by gavage. The animals were sacrificed eight weeks later and blood was collected for glucose, insulin, cholesterol, triglycerides, AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transferase determinations. The score system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was used to analyse the liver samples. Results and conclusions High-fat diet resulted in a significant increase in animal body weight, biochemical changes and enzymatic elevations. Steatosis, inflammation and hepatocellular ballooning scores were significant high in this group. The biochemical and histological variables were statistically similar in the bezafibrate group and control group. Treatment with Panax ginseng extract prevented obesity and histological features of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (steatosis and inflammation) compared to high-fat diet. Camellia sinensis showed a less effective biochemical response, with small reduction in steatosis and inflammation but lower ballooning scores. .


Objetivos Panax ginseng, Camellia sinensis e bezafibrato foram comparados por suas propriedades hipolipemiantes, antioxidantes e anti-inflamatórias, como potenciais agentes capazes de prevenir a doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica e sua progressão para esteato-hepatite não alcoólica. Métodos Cinqüenta ratos Wistar foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em cinco grupos: G1 (alimentados com dieta padrão); G2 (alimentados com dieta hipercalórica com 58% de energia a partir de gordura); G3 (dieta rica em gordura + extrato padronizado Panax ginseng em 100 mg / kg / dia); G4 (dieta rica em gordura + extrato de Camellia sinensis padronizado a 100 mg / kg / dia); e G5 (dieta rica em gordura + bezafibrato, a 100 mg / kg / dia), administrado via oral. Os animais foram sacrificados após oito semanas e o sangue foi coletado para determinação da glicose, insulina, colesterol, triglicérides, AST, ALT, fosfatase alcalina e gama-glutamil transferase. O sistema NAS de pontuação para doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica foi utilizado para analisar as amostras de fígado. Resultados e conclusões A dieta hipercalórica resultou em um aumento significativo no peso corporal dos animais, associado a alterações bioquímicas e elevações enzimáticas. Os escores de esteatose, inflamação e balonização hepatocelular foram significativamente mais elevados neste grupo. As variáveis bioquímicas e histológicas foram estatisticamente semelhantes entre os grupos bezafibrato e controle. O uso do extrato do Panax ginseng esteve associado a um menor ganho de peso dos animais, em média, bem como a menores índices nos escores de esteato-hepatite (esteatose e inflamação) em comparação com o grupo apenas alimentado com dieta hipercalórica. No grupo ...


Subject(s)
Animals , Fibric Acids/administration & dosage , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/prevention & control , Panax/chemistry , Phytotherapy/methods , Tea/chemistry , Disease Progression , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar
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