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1.
Indian J Exp Biol ; 2014 May; 52(5): 438-447
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-153719

ABSTRACT

In two groups of female CD-rats nocturnal urine (19-23 h, 23-3 h, 3-7 h) was collected at monthly intervals over 658 days (I: 1997-1999) and 494 days (II: 1999-2000) coinciding with the ascending limb (1996-2000) of the 23rd sunspot cycle (1996-2008). The excretion of 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s: I, II) was determined as well as the ratio of noradrenaline/adrenaline (NA/A: I) reflecting the activity of the sympathetic nervous system. AMT6s was higher in II than I (19-7 h: +24%; P<0.001; 23-3 h: +30% and 3-7 h: +17%, P<0.001), and progressively increased (19-23 h) showing linear regressions (I: R=+0.737, P=0.003; II: R=+0.633, 0.008) which correlated (I) with the Planetary Index (Ap: R=+0.598, P=0.020), an established estimate of geomagnetic disturbances due to solar activity. NA/A rose at all intervals (I: 46-143%) correlating with Ap (R=+0.554-0.768; P=0.0399-0.0013). These results indicate that melatonin secretion rises as solar activity increases during the ascending limb of a sunspot cycle accompanied by growing geomagnetic disturbances (Ap) which elevate the sympathetic tone and thus affect the pineal gland, initially stimulating the activity of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase and subsequently fostering the expression of N-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (rate-limiting enzyme for melatonin biosynthesis) if Ap increases further. The potential (patho) physiological significance of these findings is discussed and the need for a systematic continuation of such studies is emphasized.


Subject(s)
Animals , Circadian Rhythm , Epinephrine/urine , Female , Melatonin/analogs & derivatives , Melatonin/urine , Norepinephrine/urine , Pineal Gland/metabolism , Pineal Gland/radiation effects , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Solar Activity , Sympathetic Nervous System/metabolism , Sympathetic Nervous System/radiation effects
2.
Al-Azhar Medical Journal. 2009; 38 (4): 961-970
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-128699

ABSTRACT

There is clear evidence that chronic kidney disease [CKD] is often characterized by the presence of sympathetic hyperactivity. Data accumulating that this sympathetic hyperactivity is indeed important, because it may influence cardiovascular and renal prognosis. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between glomerular filtration rate [GFR] and the levels of norepinephrine [NE] in serum and urine in the presence of variable degrees of renal functional impairment. A total of 75 CKD patients were divided into 5 groups according to GFR, group 1: 15 CKD patients with GFR>90ml/min/1.73m2 [stage 1CKD]. group 2: 15 CKD patients with GFR 60-89ml/min/1.73m2 [stage 2 CKD]. group 3: 15 CKD patients with GFR 30-59ml/min/1.73m2 [stage 3 CKD]. group 4: 15 CKD patients with GFR 15-29ml/min/1.73m2[stage 4 CKD]. group 5: 15 CKD patients with GFR<15ml/min/1.73m2 [stage 5, endstage renal failure], in addition to 15 healthy controls were studied. GFR was estimated by Cockroft-Gault formula. Norepinephrine was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, blood urea, serum creatinine, C-reactive protein [C-RP], fasting blood sugar [PBS], serum total cholesterol, triglycerides and 24-h urinary proteins were performed. Compared with controls, CKD patients had higher levels of serum norepinephrine, urinary norepinephrine was significantly lower among CKD patients. When GFR was reduced in CKD patients, serum norepinephrine was elevated and urinary norepinephrine was reduced suggesting greater renal impairment. In multivariate correlation, GFR were negatively correlated with serum norepinephrine and positively correlated with urinary norepinephrine. Serum norepinephrine levels were increased and urinary norepinephrine excretion were decreased in CKD patients, and may be one of the aggrevating factors for deterioration of renal function in those patients


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adrenergic Fibers , Norepinephrine/blood , Norepinephrine/urine , Glomerular Filtration Rate/physiology , Kidney Function Tests
3.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 419-424, 2003.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-29045

ABSTRACT

The use of PCs can cause health problems, including musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) of the upper limbs. This study was performed to investigate whether using PCs in PC game rooms may induce MSDs of the upper limbs. 284 young male Koreans were included. A self-administered, structured questionnaire was used to gather information about game room use, perceived subjective stress, and the symptoms related to MSDs. Urinary concentrations of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine were measured in spot urine. The symptom prevalence of MSDs of the upper limbs increased according to the increase of the duration of game room use. The intensity of perceived subjective stress showed a significant dose-response relationship with the frequency of MSDs symptoms in neck and shoulder areas. However, the urinary level of catecholamines was not significantly correlated with the symptom prevalence of MSDs in the upper limbs. These findings suggest that using PCs in game rooms produce physical stress on the upper limbs, strong enough to induce MSDs.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Male , Arm , Catecholamines/urine , Dopamine/urine , Epinephrine/urine , Musculoskeletal Diseases/epidemiology , Norepinephrine/urine , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Stress, Psychological/complications , Video Games/adverse effects
4.
Rev. méd. Urug ; 12(1): 20-7, jun. 1996. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-215936

ABSTRACT

El déficit atencional con hiperactividad es un síndrome que afecta de 5 a 10 por ciento de los niños en edad escolar y tiene severas consecuencias para el rendimiento intelectual, las relaciones intrafamiliares y el futuro de los niños afectados. Dado que el tratamiento con estimulantes es beneficioso en estos casos, con un diagnóstico positivo frente a patologías comórbidas como por ejemplo la depresión o la ansiedad, es muy importante. Por ello se determinó la excreción de noradrenalina a primeras horas de la mañana (8:00) y a media mañana (10:00) en niños controles y en portadores de déficit atencional con hiperactividad (DAH). Los datos obtenidos muestran que la dinámica de la noradrenalina se modifica en los niños con DAH. En los niños normales, la noradrenalina aumenta significativamente -hasta tres veces- en el correr de la mañana, adaptándose al ritmo de actividad normal. En los pacientes no se observa este aumento y, por el contrario, existe una tendencia a la disminución de la excreción de noradrenalina matinal. Los valores basales son similares en controles y pacientes. Se sugiere que existe una pérdida de la adaptación noradrenérgica y, por lo tanto, simpática, en el DAH. Estos cambios reflejarían la disfunción central -quizá a nivel de los ganglios basales- y junto a otras técnicas no invasivas -como la evaluación asistida por computadora- pueden ayudar al diagnóstico clínico del déficit atencional con hiperactividad


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/etiology , Dopamine/urine , Norepinephrine/deficiency , Norepinephrine/urine
5.
Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam ; 29(1): 3-36, mar. 1995. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-152129

ABSTRACT

En este trabajo se han compilado los distintos modos cromatográficos y sistemas de detección utilizados en la cromatografía líquida de alta resolución de aminas biogénicas. Se indican las características generales del intercambio catiónico, fase reversa, fase reversa de pares iónicos y cromatografía de partición con fase reversa de pares iónicos. También se analizan comparativamente la detección UV, detección fluorimétrica usando fluorescencia nativa o bien derivatización pre- y postcolumna y detección electroquímica de gran utilidad para esta extensa familia de compuestos. Se dan ejemplos de aplicación de interés en el campo bioquímico-clínico, con el análisis de ácido homovainillínico, ácido 3,4-dihidroxifenilacético y ácido 5-hidroxiindolacético en líquido cefalorraquídeo, metanefrinas, ácido 3,4-dihidroxifenilacético, catecolaminas, ácidos urinarios y 3-metoxi-4-hidroxifenilglicol en orina, catecolaminas y 3-metoxi-4-hidroxifenilglicol en plasma, catecolaminas, 3-metoxi-4-hidroxifenilglicol y otros neurotransmisores en cerebro de rata. Se discuten, también, los tratamientos previos requeridos especialmente para orina y plasma, así como las condiciones de conservación y su incidencia en los resultados obtenidos


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Rabbits , Rats , /urine , Homovanillic Acid/urine , Vanilmandelic Acid/urine , Biogenic Amines/urine , Catecholamines/urine , Dopamine/urine , Epinephrine/urine , Ganglioneuroma/diagnosis , Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid/urine , Metanephrine/urine , Neuroblastoma/diagnosis , Norepinephrine/urine , Normetanephrine/urine , Pheochromocytoma/diagnosis , Homovanillic Acid/cerebrospinal fluid , Homovanillic Acid/blood , Vanilmandelic Acid/cerebrospinal fluid , Vanilmandelic Acid/blood , Biogenic Amines/cerebrospinal fluid , Biogenic Amines/blood , Catecholamines/blood , Catecholamines/cerebrospinal fluid , Dopamine/blood , Dopamine/cerebrospinal fluid , Epinephrine/blood , Epinephrine/cerebrospinal fluid , Norepinephrine/blood , Norepinephrine/cerebrospinal fluid
6.
Rev. cuba. med. mil ; 20(1): 3-15, ene.-jun. 1991. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-100593

ABSTRACT

Se presentan los resultados del estudio de los niveles de excreción urinaria de Dopamina, Noradrenalina y Adrenalina, así como la concentración y captura plaquetaria de Serotonina en un grupo de pacientes esquizofrénicos y uno de sujetos supuestamente sanos. Se realizaron análisis estadísticos mediante el test de comparación de medias T` (para muestras con dispersiones muy diferentes) y el test U de Mann Withey. Se encontró en los pacientes esquizofrénicos una disminución significativa de la excreción de Dopamina compatible con la acción por años de los neurolépticos sobre los receptores pre y possinápticos, así como un aumento marcado en la Serotonina plaquetaria y en su captura plaquetaria debido entre otros factores a la disminución encontrada en el recambio de Dopamina


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Dopamine/urine , Epinephrine/urine , Norepinephrine/urine , Schizophrenia/blood , Schizophrenia/urine , Serotonin/blood
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