ABSTRACT
This study was done to compare effects of intranasal midazolam and intranasal midazolam with ketamine for premedication of children aged 1-12 yrs undergoing intermediate and major surgeries. Midazolam and Ketamine have already been used as premedicants in children. Our aim was to find out advantage of combination of midazolam with ketamine over midazolam by nasal route. Sixty children of age group 1-12 yrs of American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] grade 1 and 2 were selected. Group A- midazolam [0.2 mg/kg], Group B- midazolam [0.15 mg/kg + ketamine 1 mg/kg]. Both groups received drug intranasally 30 min before surgery in recovery room with monitored anesthesia care. Onset of sedation, sedation score, emotional reaction, intravenous cannula acceptance, and mask acceptance were studied. Unpaired t test and chi square test. Sedation score, anxiolysis, attitude, reaction to intravenous cannulation, face mask acceptance, and emotional reaction were significantly better in midazolam with ketamine group. Intra operatively, in both groups, pulse rate, oxygen saturation, and respiratory rate had no significant difference; also, post operatively, no significant difference was observed in above parameters, post operative analgesia was significantly better in midazolam with ketamine group. Intra nasal premedication allows rapid and predictable sedation in children. Midazolam as well as combination of Midazolam with ketamine gives good level of sedation and comfort. But quality of sedation, analgesia, and comfort is significantly better in midazolam with ketamine group. No significant side effects were observed in both groups
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Midazolam , Midazolam/administration & dosage , Ketamine/administration & dosage , Ketamine , Nose/drug effects , Child , Drug Therapy, CombinationABSTRACT
To compare the efficacy of topical nasal steroids therapy with total inferior turbinectomy in relieving nasal obstruction caused by inferior turbinate hypertrophy. Randomized Controlled Trials [RCT]. The study was conducted in the ENT department, Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi from October 2006 to July 2007. Sixty patients suffering from allergic rhinitis were divided in Two groups of thirty partients. Group A underwent total inferior turbinectomy where as Group B advised Betamethasone nasal drops for two months. Relief in terms of nasal obstruction was assessed on Visual analogue scale two months after commencement of treatment. Chi-square test was applied as test of statistical significance to compare the two groups. Total inferior turbinectomy was found to be clinically superior to topical betamethasone drops in relieving nasal obstruction caused by inferior turbinate hypertrophy [p<0.001]. Total inferior turbinectomy is a better method of relieving obstruction as compared to topical betamethasone drops in nasal obstruction due to hypertrophied inferior turbinates
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Rhinitis/therapy , Steroids/administration & dosage , Steroids , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Rhinitis/pathology , Nose/drug effects , Administration, TopicalABSTRACT
Säo discutidos os aspectos anatômicos da fossa ptérigo-maxilar e do nervo nasociliar, cujas infiltraçöes anestésicas säo atos simples, rápidos, eficazes e seguros em vários procedimentos odontológicos e otorrinolaringológicos, possibilitando a realizaçäo de cirurgias nasossinusais bem menos sangrantes com a utilizaçäo de doses bem menores de anestésicos gerais, em virtude da aboliçäo dos estímulos álgicos e consequente näo liberaçäo de catecolaminas