Identification and characterization of nuclear matrix protein[s] and assessment of its usefullness for early diagnosis of bladder cancer

The highest incidence rates of bladder cancer are generally found in industrially developed countries, particularly North America and Western Europe, and areas associated with endemic schistosomiasis, including parts of Africa and the Middle East. The appropriate treatment of patients with bladder cancer mandates early detection and regular follow up for recurrences. Currently, cystoscopy is the standard method for diagnosing and monitoring bladder cancer recurrence, but it is an invasive and relatively costly technique, and may sometimes be inconclusive, particularly in cases of cystitis. Western blot and specific immunoglobulin-G antibody were used to identify the urinary NMP marker. Urine samples from 123 patients with bladder cancer and 50 controls were evaluated using the developed SDS-PAGE, Western blot and ELISA. The NMP marker was identified in the urine of patients with bladder cancer at 52 kDa [NMP- 52] by SDS-PAGE, Western blot and ELISA. In addition, the NMP-52 tumor marker was not detected in the urine of patients. Detecting the urinary NMP-52 marker using SDS-PAGE, Western blot and ELISA, would be helpful in the rapid diagnosis of bladder cancer

Nuclear matrix protein [NMP 22] as a diagnostic tool in urinary bladder cancer

To evaluate the role of urinary nuclear matrix protein NMP22 in urinary bladder cancer diagnosis. From August 2003 to January 2007, 373 patients, were enrolled in this study in Al Noor Specialist Hospital K.S.A and Urology Department in Benha Faculty of Medicine, patients were complaining of hematuria, LUTS, and bladder mass suspected On U/S examination, after clinical evaluation including complete history, general and local examination especially D.R.E, 50 ml of midstream morning urine samples was taken from all patients and examined for complete urine analysis and for detection of urine level of NMP 22 assay, cystoscopy, and TUR resection was done for all the patients and comparative analysis was done for the results of the cystoscopy, histopathology and NMP22 assay results. The results of the present study revealed that there was decreased overall sensitivity [28.2%] and specificity was [75%] ofNMP 22 in diagnosing transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder in comparison with confirmed cystoscopic positive results [98.8%] but the specificity and sensitivity increases in large invasive tumors to be [56.7%], and specificity [75%]. NMP22 could be considered a diagnostic or screening tool only in high grade transitional cell carcinoma, invasive or large advancing tumor, but NMP22 could not replace cystoscopy as the gold standard for cancer bladder diagnosis

Usefulness of NMP22 BladderChek for the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Bladder Cancer / 대한진단검사의학회지

BACKGROUND: As bladder cancer is a superficial tumor with frequent recurrences, early detection and confirmation of recurrence are important. We evaluated the usefulness of NMP22 BladderChek (NMP22BC) for the diagnosis and monitoring of bladder cancer. METHODS: From July to December 2004, we enrolled in the study 670 patients who visited the urology clinic in Ewha Womans University, Dongdaemun Hospital with hematuria or dysuria and were tested with NMP22BC. We also performed the NMP22BC and BTA stat tests simultaneously in 21 patients and interference test in 10 patients. RESULTS: NMP22BC tests were negative in 97% of the patients who had been cured of bladder cancer and were positive in 95% of the patients with recurred bladder cancer. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and efficiency were 95.0%, 91.5%, 25.7%, 99.8%, and 91.6%, respectively, with 8.5% false positive and 5% false negative rates. Fifty-five patients showed false positive in the NMP22BC test, the main cause of which was the presence of WBCs in urine. There was a good agreement between the NMP22BC and BTA stat tests (kappa agreement value, 0.5; P=0.008). According to the interference test, two patients with more than 3+ in leukocyte esterase results showed false positive in the NMP22BC test. CONCLUSIONS: NMP22BC test was simple to perform, rapid to produce the results, and useful in diagnosing a bladder cancer recurrence; the test shows a high efficiency with a high sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and low false negative rate.