ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To investigate the general clinical features of congenital cataracts and to determine their relationship to visual prognosis and surgical complications according to age at operation and surgical procedure adopted. METHOD: We retrospectively evaluated 92 eyes in 61 patients with congenital cataracts who underwent cataract surgery between January 1996 and December 2006. The demographic data, surgical technique, post-operative complications, and final visual prognosis were evaluated. RESULTS: The average age at surgery was 3.17 years (range 1 month to 11 years), and the mean follow-up was 40.02 months (range 6 to 46 months). Of the 56 eyes that could be checked for visual acuity after cataract extraction, 29 (51.7%) had a BCVA of > or =0.5 at last visit. Unilateral congenital cataracts (p=0.025) and congenital cataracts with strabismus (p=0.019) showed significantly poorer visual outcomes. Patients with nystagmus also experienced a poor visual outcome; 6 patients (67%) had a BCVA of <0.1. Posterior cataracts had the worst visual prognosis (p=0.004). No statistically significant differences in posterior capsular opacity (p=0.901) or synechia formation (p=0.449) were observed between surgical techniques, but children younger than one year showed a higher tendency for PCO and synechia formation. CONCLUSIONS: Anterior vitrectomy did not reduce postoperative complications. Higher rates of complications (PCO, posterior synechia) developed in children younger than one year of age.
Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Capsulorhexis/methods , Cataract/classification , Cataract Extraction/methods , Follow-Up Studies , Lens Implantation, Intraocular , Nystagmus, Pathologic/complications , Postoperative Complications , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Strabismus/complications , Vision Disorders/rehabilitation , Visual Acuity/physiology , VitrectomyABSTRACT
This report describes the clinical features of a 29 year female presenting with a 3 years history of episodes of cerebellar ataxia, dysarthria and nystagmus lasting 3-5 days, recurring almost every month. Sleep disturbance and buzzing in ears were noted 3-4 days before each episode. No other precipitant factor was present. Family history was negative. She was diagnosed as a case of episodic ataxia type-2 and was successfully treated with acetazolamide, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. She was asymptomatic at 2 year followup.
Subject(s)
Adult , Cerebellar Ataxia/complications , Chromosomes/genetics , Dysarthria/complications , Female , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Nystagmus, Pathologic/complicationsABSTRACT
Oscilopsia es la falsa percepción de que el mundo circundante se encuentra en movimiento. La causa principal es el nistagmus adquirido, de tal manera que todas las causas de nistagmus pueden originar dicho síntoma. Muchos pacientes con oscilopsia no son capaces de describir acertadamente su sintomatología y proporcionan datos confusos en el interrogatorio. La oscilopsia puede ser confundida con visión borrosa, diplopía o vértigo. En este artículo se presenta el caso de un paciente con nistagmus adquirido y oscilopsia, secundarios a una lesión vascular del tallo cerebral. Se discuten las causas más frecuentes de oscilopsia y se dan recomendaciones para evitar confundirla con otro tipo de sintomatología
Subject(s)
Diplopia , Nystagmus, Pathologic/complications , Nystagmus, Pathologic/diagnosisABSTRACT
Com o objetivo de verificar e analisar a ocorrência dos sintomas e sinais auditivos e vestibulares, foram avaliados 50 pacientes portadores de hipertensao arterial com idade entre 45 e 63 anos. Os sintomas vestibulares mais freqüentes foram vertigem ou tonturas nao rotatórias, eventualmente acompanhadas por manifestaçoes neurovegetativas. O sintoma auditivo mais importante foi a hipersensibilidade a sons intensos e zumbidos. O achado audiológico de maior significância foi a disacusia neuro-sensorial, geralmente atribuída à idade avançada dos pacientes. Ao estudo vecto-electronistagmográfico encontramos uma alta incidência de vertigem ou nistagmo de posiçao, nistagmo espontâneo com olhos fechados maior que 10 graus/s, e preponderância direcional do nistagmo perrotatório e pós-calórico. A avaliaçao otoneurológica mostrou-se importante como complemento diagnóstico em hipertensos.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Hypertension/complications , Nystagmus, Pathologic/complications , Tinnitus/complications , Vertigo/complications , Audiometry , Vestibular Function TestsABSTRACT
Se hace un resumen del tratamiento ortóptico del estrabismo congénito en niños desde los 6 meses de edad. Se muestra las distintas formas de oclusión. La revisión de historias clínicas demuestra que las cirugías tempranas no garantizan al paciente visión binocular ni estereopsis. El seguimiento ortóptico postquirúrgico es ideal. Con su variedad de formas de tratamiento ayuda a complementar el éxito de la cirugía y mantener en lo posible una buena agudeza visual en ambos ojos
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Orthoptics/methods , Strabismus/congenital , Esotropia/classification , Esotropia/complications , Esotropia/surgery , Nystagmus, Pathologic/complicationsABSTRACT
Foram estudados 50 casos de visäo subnormal em crianças atendidas no Ambulatório de Estimulaçäo Visual Precoce da Escola Paulista de Medicina, onde foram constatados 42% de casos com etiologia infecciosa e 36% de casos com etiologia hereditária. A principal causa foi a Toxoplasmose Ocular. Ressaltamos a importância de medidas de prevençäo para casos de cegueira parcial evitável e a necessidade de treinamento da visäo residual
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Blindness/prevention & control , Toxoplasmosis, Ocular/complications , Vision, Low , Brazil , Cataract/complications , Nystagmus, Pathologic/complications , Rubella/complicationsABSTRACT
An extraordinary eye movement was seen in a vegetative patient. His eyeballs were exotropic in the primary position and showed dissociated nystagmus which appeared alternately in each eye every few seconds. He also had palatal myoclonus quite asynchronous with the nystagmus. To our knowledge, there has been no such nystagmus documented in the literature. We report the new nystagmus with his EOG and brain MRI.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Electrooculography , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Myoclonus/complications , Nystagmus, Pathologic/complications , Palatal MusclesABSTRACT
Surgery in idiopathic congenital nystagmus to correct an abnormal head posture is based on the shifting of neutral point. Torsional Kestenbaum has been done in cases of congenital nystagmus with torticollis, without definite localisation of null point and sustained improvement of head posture subsequent to surgery has been attributed to presumed shift of the null point. We present a 6 year-old boy with congenital horizontal nystagmus with marked head tilt towards the left shoulder. Electronystagmography showed dampening of nystagmus on left tilt. Recession/advancement of all four oblique muscles was done to shift the null point and nystagmus dampened in the primary position eliminating the head tilt. This report emphasises the significance of electronystagmography in critical decision of horizontal/torsional Kestenbaum and documentation of innervational changes following surgery and subsequent followup.