ABSTRACT
Emil Kraepelin (1856-1926) is considered one of the founders of modern psychiatric nosology. However, his conceptualization of obsessive-compulsive phenomena is relatively understudied. In this article, we compare and contrast excerpts from the eighth edition (1909-1915) of Kraepelin's Textbook of Clinical Psychiatry focusing on what Kraepelin called "obsessive neurosis" and related "original pathological conditions" with the current DSM-5 criteria for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Consistently with DSM-5 OCD, Kraepelin described obsessive neurosis as characterized by obsessive ideas, compulsive acts, or both together. His detailed descriptions of these symptoms are broadly coherent with their characterization in DSM-5, which is also true for the differential diagnoses he provided. He also mentioned cases illustrating decreased insight into symptoms and association with tic disorders. In conclusion, Kraepelin's experience, which reflects decades of consistent clinical work, may help validate current ideas and explain how the current conceptualization has emerged and developed. Even though one can hardly say that the classification laid out in DSM-5 goes back to Kraepelin's views directly, it still is true that Kraepelin played an outstanding role in systematizing psychiatric diagnostic criteria in general, and provided a major contribution to the conceptual history of OCD.
Subject(s)
Humans , History, 20th Century , International Classification of Diseases , Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/diagnosis , Textbooks as Topic/history , Diagnosis, Differential , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/historyABSTRACT
O Distúrbio Obsessivo-Compulsivo (DOC) é um dos quadros psiquiátricos de mais difícil compreensao. Os estudos que caracterizam os pacientes adultos com DOC sao poucos e esse número é ainda mais limitado quando nos referimos a pacientes com diagnóstico de DOC pelo DSM-III-R. Diante disso, o presente estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de descrever as características sócio-demográficas e clínicas de 50 pacientes. Apesar das limitações do nosso estudo, os resultados foram, em geral, consistentes com os achados prévios da literatura, mostrando consistência entre as culturas
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Population Characteristics , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder , Socioeconomic Factors , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/historyABSTRACT
El trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo (TOC) es una patología frecuente. Como sucede en medicina, sino se explora su presencia no va ha encontrarse. La naturaleza del cuadro es tan intensamente perturbadora y los hallazgos terapéuticos tan prometedores, que indagar por su presencia pueden ser de gran beneficio para quien lo padece. A propósito de la descripción de un caso clínico se revisan los antecedentes hitóricos, epidemiología, criterios de diagnóstico diferencial y tratamiento de este tipo de desórdenes psiquiátricos.