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1.
Rev. cuba. hematol. inmunol. hemoter ; 28(4): 416-422, oct.-dic. 2012.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-663865

ABSTRACT

El embarazo en la anemia drepanocítica (AD) es considerado una situación de alto riesgo por la alta incidencia de la morbimortalidad materno-fetal. En Cuba, el programa de atención integral a las embarazadas se incluye desde el nivel primario de salud y la captación se realiza antes de las 12 sem de gestación y los partos son institucionales. Todas las embarazadas con AD en La Habana son atendidas en el Instituto de Hematología e Inmunología (IHI) por un equipo multidisciplinario y los partos se realizan en el Servicio de Obstetricia del Hospital General Docente Enrique Cabrera . Desde enero del año 2000 hasta diciembre del 2009, 68 embarazadas con AD fueron atendidas por un equipo multidisciplinario. La frecuencia de las consultas fue quincenal hasta las 32 sem de la gestación y posteriormente semanal hasta la sem 36 en que fueron ingresadas; el embarazo se interrumpió en la semana 38. Las pacientes que presentaron algún evento fueron hospitalizadas y en ellas la interrupción se realizó en la semana 36 si el feto era viable. El bienestar fetal fue evaluado desde la semana 28 cada 2 semana hasta el nacimiento. No se realizaron transfusiones ni exanguinotransfusiones profilácticas y solo fueron indicadas según los criterios del equipo médico tratante; 16 pacientes recibieron transfusiones de glóbulos y la exanguinotransfusión se realizo en 4, todas en el tercer trimestre del embarazo. En 47 pacientes se realizó cesárea y siempre por indicación obstétrica; 17 recién nacidos tuvieron bajo peso pero solo uno tuvo un conteo de Apgar bajo. Ocurrieron 2 muertes fetales y una neonatal; se reportó una muerte materna


Pregnancy in women with sickle cell disease (SCD) is a high-risk situation associated with increased incidence of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. In Cuba, the maternal care program includes the primary level and the gestational age at booking is before the 12 week of gestation and all deliveries are institutional. All pregnant women with SCD in La Habana are attended at the Institute of Hematology and Immunology (IHI) by a multidisciplinary team and labor takes place at the obstetrics service of the General Hospital next to the IHI. From January 2000 to December 2009, 68 pregnant women with SCD were attended in labor; the frequency of the visits is every two weeks from gestational age at booking until week 32 of pregnancy and weekly until week 36 when they are hospitalized, in week 38 induction of labor is made. Patients were hospitalized upon the appearance of any event and in such cases induction of labor was made in week 36, if fetus was mature. The fetal well-being was evaluated starting from week 28 and every two weeks until childbirth. Non prophylactic blood transfusion or prophylactic exchange transfusions were indicated as this depends on the criteria of attending team; only 16 patients presented alert signs of requiring blood transfusion, 4 requiring blood exchange transfusions. All these procedures were carried out in the third trimester of pregnancy; 47 patients required caesarea indicated by the obstetrician; 17 newborns were underweight but only one with low apgar score. Two fetal deaths occurred and one new born had early neonatal death. Only one maternal death was reported


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Comprehensive Health Care/methods , Obstetric Labor Complications/prevention & control , Obstetric Labor Complications/blood , Sickle Cell Trait/complications , Sickle Cell Trait/prevention & control , Sickle Cell Trait/blood , Maternal and Child Health
2.
Horiz. enferm ; 21(1): 37-43, 2010. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1177267

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: evaluar los cambios en la pérdida estimada de sangre y tasas de Hemorragia Posparto [HPP] derivados del entrenamiento en el Manejo Activo de la Tercera Etapa del Parto [MATED] en cinco Clínicas Materno Infantiles del departamento de Yoro, Honduras. METODOLOGÍA: durante nueve meses, el equipo de investigación enseña las habilidades sobre la pérdida estimada de sangre, establece una tasa base para la HPP y enseña el manejo activo de la tercera etapa del parto. En cada nacimiento se registran la pérdida estimada de sangre, los resultados para la madre y el neonato, así como el uso calculado de Oxitocina en el periodo posnatal. Los datos obtenidos se analizan estadísticamente con SPSS descriptivo, prueba-T y Chi-cuadrado. RESULTADOS: el periodo de estudio previo al entrenamiento en MATEP incluye 178 casos, el periodo posterior al entrenamiento incluye 392 casos. La pérdida estimada de sangre durante el periodo previo es de 109 ml en promedio, comparado con 81 ml en promedio que se obtiene durante el periodo posterior al entrenamiento (p=.004). En la fase previa y posterior a/ entrenamiento, el uso de Oxitocina en el periodo posparto es de 99.5%, aunque en el 17% de los casos reportados la administración de Oxitocina se realiza después de la expulsión de la placenta. Después del entrenamiento en MATER la tasa de hemorragia posparto disminuye del 7.3% al 3.8%, dato que no es estadísticamente significativo.


AIM: evaluate the changes in estimated blood loss and Post Partum Hemorrhage [PPH] rates with dissemination of Active Management of Third Stage of Labor [AMTSL] training to five Clinicas Materno Infantiles in the state of Yoro, Honduras. METHODS: over a nine month period, the research team utilized a two part training module to first teach the skills of estimated blood loss to establish a baseline rate for PPH and then in the second phase teach skills of active management of third stage labor. Estimated blood loss, outcomes for mother and neonate as well as the use and timing of Oxytocin in the postpartum period were recorded for each birth for the research team. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS for descriptive, t-test and chi-square statistics. RESULTS: pre-AMTSL training period N= 178, post AMTSL training N=392. Estimated blood loss pre-AMTSL training was a mean of 109 ml compared with post-training period of 81ml (p=.004). The use of Oxytocin in the postpartum period was 99.5% in both pre and post AMTSL training, though 17% of the cases reported Oxytocin administration after delivery of the placenta. The postpartum hemorrhage rate decreased from 7.3% to 3.8% after the AMTSL training, but was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: AMTSL training reduced estimated blood loss though did not significantly change PPH rates in this study. Use of Oxytocin postpartum has become a regular component of care provided.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Oxytocin/administration & dosage , Postpartum Hemorrhage/nursing , Postpartum Hemorrhage/drug therapy , Parturition/blood , Honduras , Obstetric Labor Complications/blood
3.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 54(5): 442-446, set.-out. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-495907

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar as complicações maternas associadas ao parto e puerpério, bem como os resultados perinatais, em gestantes portadoras da doença de von Willebrand. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados os prontuários de todas as gestantes com diagnóstico de doença de von Willebrand, cujo parto foi realizado nesta instituição no período compreendido entre março de 2001 e agosto de 2007. Foram investigadas características relativas à via de parto, incidência de complicações hemorrágicas no parto e no puerpério imediato, perfil dos exames laboratoriais maternos e resultados perinatais. As variáveis foram estudadas descritivamente, calculando-se freqüências absolutas e relativas, médias, medianas e desvios padrão. RESULTADOS: Foram revisadas 13 gestações em oito pacientes portadoras da doença. No período ocorreram 13.037 partos na instituição, perfazendo incidência de 0,1 por cento. Seis pacientes (75 por cento) apresentavam o tipo 1 da doença, e duas (25 por cento) o tipo 2. No terceiro trimestre, a média da atividade do fator VIIIc foi de 98,5 por cento. A cesárea foi realizada em nove casos (69 por cento), cuja anestesia foi do tipo raquidiana em sete casos. Como complicação do parto, um caso evoluiu com descolamento prematuro da placenta e foi realizada a cesárea. Um caso apresentou sangramento no primeiro pós-parto, necessitando reposição do fator VIII. Em dois casos foi realizada a reposição profilática do fator VIII antes da cesárea. A restrição do crescimento fetal ocorreu em cinco casos (38,5 por cento). O peso dos RNs apresentou média de 2676 gramas e um caso (7,8 por cento) apresentou Apgar de 1º minuto inferior a sete. CONCLUSÃO: O parto em gestantes com diagnóstico de doença de von Willebrand tem evolução favorável quando cuidados são tomados procurando oferecer assistência específica. O crescimento fetal deve ser monitorizado nessas gestantes.


OBJECTIVE: To study maternal complication associated to delivery and the puerperium period in pregnancies affected by von Willebrand's disease. METHODS: Chart data of all the pregnant women with diagnosis of von Willebrand disease were retrospectively reviewed. All cases with von Willebrand's disease that had given birth at this institution, between March 2001 and August 2007, were analyzed. The following variables were investigated: mode of delivery, hemorrhage complications during delivery and postpartum, maternal blood exams and perinatal results. Variables were studied descriptively, using absolute and relative frequencies, means, medians and standard deviations. RESULTS: 13 pregnancies of eight women with the disease were reviewed. During this sane period, there were 13,037 deliveries in the institution, resulting in an incidence of 0.1 percent. Six women (75 percent) were type 1 disease and, two (25 percent) were type 2. The last Factor VIIIc activity presented a mean value of 98.5 percent. A Cesarean section was performed in nine pregnancies, with epidural anesthesia in seven. Delivery complication occurred in two cases: one presented placental abruption and a Cesarean was performed. The other, presented postpartum hemorrhage in the first day and required reposition with factor VIII. Two cases received factor VIII before Cesarean section. Fetal growth restriction was detected in five pregnancies (38.5 percent). Mean birth weight was of 2676 grams and one case presented 1st minute Apgar score below seven. CONCLUSION: Delivery in patients with von Willebrand disease has a favorable evolution when specific assistance is provided. In these pregnancies,fetal growth should be monitored.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Obstetric Labor Complications/blood , Postpartum Hemorrhage/blood , Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic/blood , von Willebrand Diseases/complications , Apgar Score , Birth Weight/physiology , Delivery, Obstetric/methods , Delivery, Obstetric/statistics & numerical data , Factor VIII/administration & dosage , Factor VIII/analysis , Fetal Growth Retardation/diagnosis , Pregnancy Outcome , Young Adult , von Willebrand Diseases/blood
4.
Ginecol. obstet. Méx ; 66(7): 277-83, jul. 1998. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-232557

ABSTRACT

La transfusión es una práctica frecuente en las pacientes obstétricas; el empleo de la sangre puede salvar la vida de una paciente, pero no está exento de riesgos, de los cuales la transmisión de infecciones es uno de los más importantes. A partir de la identificación de la transmisión del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) por vía de la transfusión, a nivel mundial se ha incrementado el número de medidas preventivas para eliminar el riesgo de transmisión de enfermedades infecciosas por esta vía. Los microorganismos que se pueden transmitir por enfermedades infecciosas por esta vía. Los microorganismos que se pueden transmitir por enfermedades infecciosas por esta vía. Los microorganismos que se pueden transmitir por transfusión incluyen: virus linfotrópicos humanos de células T (HTLV) y II, VIH, virus de hepatitis B, virus de hepatitis C; virus de hepatitis D, virus de hepatitis G, citomegalovirus, Treponema pallidum, Brucella sp, Plasmodium sp, Toxoplasma gondii y Trypanosoma cruzi. La medida más importante para reducir los riesgos que conlleva la transfusión es el uso adecuado y cauteloso de la misma. El presente artículo revisa las indicaciones de la transfusión, describe las infecciones más comunes asociadas a este procedimiento y analiza las medidas de prevención a poner en práctica


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Bacterial Infections/blood , Bacterial Infections/transmission , Communicable Diseases/microbiology , Communicable Diseases/transmission , Communicable Diseases/virology , HIV Infections/blood , HIV Infections/transmission , Obstetric Labor Complications/blood , Obstetric Labor Complications/surgery , Postpartum Hemorrhage/therapy , Pregnancy Complications/blood , Pregnancy Complications/surgery , Blood Transfusion/adverse effects
5.
Rev. obstet. ginecol. Venezuela ; 54(1): 1-16, mar. 1994. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-141397

ABSTRACT

Se presenta el primer estudio venezolano sobre primigestas maduras, que comprende 241 mujeres de 35 o más años (rango 35 a 46, promedio 37,7 años), estudiadas en dos períodos de 6 años, con intervalo de 15 años entre ellos. Se encontró un aumento significativo (p<0,05) de estas gestantes en el segundo sexenio. Hubo mayor incidencia de presentaciones viciosas (podálicas 8,3 por ciento y hombro 0,9 por ciento ) y embarazo gemelar (0,93 por ciento ) que en la población general. Hubo más patología obstétrica en el segundo lapso (p<0,05 por ciento ) que en el primero. La incidencia de cesárea se incrementó de 46,7 por ciento en el primer lapso a 58,7 por ciento en el segundo, sin mejoría del estado de los neonatos. Los nacidos en el primer lapso presentaron mayor peso y talla que los del segundo. Hubo predominio de fetos hembras. Se detectó malformación congénita en el 0,83 por ciento por mil. La mortalidad perinatal global fue de 23 mil. No hubo mortalidad materna


Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Perinatal Mortality , Obstetric Labor Complications/blood , Cesarean Section/trends , Maternal Age
6.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 6-10, 1992.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-30960

ABSTRACT

This study was attempted to observe the rate of oxygen desaturation after full oxygenation in six parturients scheduled for Cesarean sections and six patients scheduled for transabdominal hysterectomies. We calculated the mean rate of fall of arterial saturation (slope of desaturation: less than SaO2 (t2)-SaO2(t1) greater than/t2-t1) and changes in arterial blood gases were observed. All subjects were denitrogenated then a single isolated apnea was carried out. The mean time to obtain 90% saturation was longer in the nonpregnant group (7.5 min vs 3.6 min in parturients). The mean slope of desaturation was steeper in the parturients (-3.34) than the nonpregnant group (-1.52). As far as the oxygen reserve is concerned, the parturients had a lesser margin of safety than the nonpregnant women. It was concluded that the lower the thoracic gas volume (parturients), the lower the alveolar O2 stores and, the more rapidly these stores are depleted.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Arteries , Blood , Blood Gas Analysis , Obstetric Labor Complications/blood , Oxygen/blood , Sleep Apnea Syndromes/blood
8.
J Indian Med Assoc ; 1969 Dec; 53(12): 585-7
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-97774
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