The Third Asian Radiology Forum: Screening Programs in Asia

Asian Oceanian Radiology Forum 2018: International Education of Radiology in Asian Oceanian Countries

Future perspective on international affairs for Korean doctors

The Korean Medical Association (KMA) has been requested to respond proactively and effectively to local agendas reflecting global perspectives in order to lead our society through the dynamic and fast-changing health care environment, which faces issues such as big data, artificial intelligence, and the increasing health-related impacts of climate change and fine particulate matter. Since the KMA joined the World Medical Association (WMA) in 1949 and the Confederation of Medical Associations in Asia and Oceania (CMAAO) in 1956, the KMA has made continuous progress in international affairs. Based on these achievements, the KMA has recently played important roles, such as the chair of the WMA Finance and Planning Committee, a council member in the WMA, and a council chair in the CMAAO. For the next several decades, the WMA and CMAAO are still expected to be the basic channels for sharing trends and visions, discussing health challenges across borders, and developing powerful initiatives that improve people's health. Maintaining current partnerships with the WMA and CMAAO and strengthening strategic collaboration with promising national medical associations are required to extend the KMA's influence. Training next-generation representatives to build capacity for international relations might also be necessary for the sustainability of international collaboration. Through the KMA's advancements in international affairs, incorporating harmonious perspectives on local, regional, and global agendas, the KMA is fully expected to contribute to addressing health challenges by demonstrating its leadership.

Asian Radiology Forum 2016 for Promoting Radiology Together in the Asian-Oceanian Region: Roles of the Asian-Oceanian Society of Radiology and Its Member Societies

According to the reports presented at the second Asian Radiology Forum (ARF) 2016, organized by the Korean Society of Radiology (KSR) during the Korean Congress of Radiology (KCR) in September 2016 in Seoul, there is an increasing need for the Asian-Oceanian Society of Radiology (AOSR) and its member societies to promote radiology together in the Asian-Oceanian region. In ARF 2016, the national delegates of the Asian-Oceanian radiological partner societies primarily discussed their societies' activities and contributions in international and regional societies including AOSR, expectations for AOSR, recommendations and suggestions for AOSR, and their societies' support of AOSR.

Intercontinental comparison of caustic ingestion in children / 소아과

PURPOSE: To investigate the caustic ingestion in children among different continents according to demographic characteristics (core purpose), main symptoms, common caustic agents, signs and symptoms, management, treatment and complications. METHODS: This systematic review was performed by searching the databases Science Direct, ProQuest, Google Scholar, and PubMed, electronically and manually. We included studies that were published from 1980 to 2013, at University of Medical Sciences of Tabriz, Iran. A strategic search was performed with keywords including caustic, corrosive, ingestion and children, and was limited to articles in English and Persian. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS ver. 18. RESULTS: Of 63 selected articles of caustic ingestion with 9,888 samples, the proportion of Africa was 3 articles (4.8%) and 95 samples (1%), America 9 articles (14.3%) and 305 sample (3%), Asia 29 articles (46%) and 2,780 samples (28.1%), Europe 17 articles (27%) and 3,002 samples (30.4%), and Oceania 5 articles (7.9%) and 3,706 samples (37.5%). The average age was in the Africa 3.07+/-2.02 years, America 3.17+/-1.83 years, Asia 3.34+/-1.58 years, Europe 3.58+/-2.09 years and Oceania 3.52+/-2.02 years. Sex distribution was in Africa 76 males (0.91%) and 19 females (0.23%), America 49 males (0.58%) and 41 females (0.49%), Asia 1,575 males (18.76%) and 1,087 females (12.95%), Europe 1,018 males (12.13%) and 823 females (9.8%), and Oceania 1,918 males (22.85%) and 1,788 females (21.3%). Statistical analysis of the data indicated higher consumption in Europe and Oceania in the boys with higher average age of years. CONCLUSION: The comparison of caustic ingestion indicated that the cause substances of caustic ingestion in children are different among continents, therefore prevention strategy and different treatment guidelines among continents will be needed.

Research on current situation of standardization of Chinese medicine and acupuncture in Oceania / 中国针灸

The development status of standardization of Chinese medicine and acupuncture in Australia and New Zealand is respectively introduced from 3 levels-national standard, regional standard and association standard. A national registration standard for Chinese medicine has been implemented since July 1, 2012 in Australia. The Oceania Federation of Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture Societies was also founded in capital of New Zealand. Four characteristics are revealed from researches and analyses: people's needs and the relevant system are the foundations of national standards of Chinese medicine; legislation on Chinese medicine is the guarantee for setting and implementing national standards, where necessity, scientificity, vitality, diversity and breakthroughs are embodied; registration standards are the key in international standardization of Chinese medicine; and international organizations are major force in promoting standardization of Chinese medicine and acupunc ture.

Epidemiological Characteristics of Imported Influenza A (H1N1) Cases during the 2009 Pandemic in Korea / 한국역학회지

OBJECTIVES: Quarantine measure for prevention of epidemic disease and further evaluations of their efficiency are possible only by elaborating analyses of imported cases. The purpose of this study was to analyze descriptive epidemiological characteristics of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) cases imported to Korea. METHODS: We collected two sets of data. The first set, comprised daily reported cases of H1N1 obtained from local cities in accordance with government policy about mandatory reporting of all H1N1 cases during May 1 to August 19, 2009. The second set, including 372 confirmed imported H1N1 cases, identified from 13 National Quarantine Stations in the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from May 24 to December 31, 2009. However, given the lack of information on the nature of the imported H1N1 cases from the two data sets during the over lapping period from May 24 to August 19, we express the number of imported cases as a range for this period. RESULTS: We estimated that the number of imported H1N1 cases from May 1 to August 19, 2009, was between 1,098 and 1,291 and the total number of cases was 2,409 to 2,580. We found the number of imported cases was beginning to diminish as of August. A analysis of the second data set showed that the distribution of sex was similar (males 50.7%, females 49.3%) and the age distribution from 20 to 59 was 61.5% and that of 60 and over was 0.8% of the 372 cases. We identified 25 countries where people infected with H1N1 traveled and 67.5% were in Asia. But the proportion of cases (/1,000) by region shows Oceania (0.199), South America (0.118), Southeast Asia (0.071), North America (0.049), Europe (0.035), and Northeast Asia (0.016) in that order. The order of H1N1 peaking was the Southern Hemisphere, Tropics, and the Nothern Hemisphere. CONCLUSIONS: This study provided information that could make possible the evaluation of the government quarantine measure for stopping imported disease from causing community-acquired spread in the future.

Combat against cervical cancer-challenges in Asia Oceania: 5th Biennial Conference of the Asia Oceania Research Organization on Genital Infections & Neoplasia (AOGIN) / 부인종양

No abstract available.

Combat against cervical cancer-challenges in Asia Oceania: 5th Biennial Conference of the Asia Oceania Research Organization on Genital Infections & Neoplasia (AOGIN) / 부인종양

No abstract available.

Breast cancer in the world: Incidence and mortality

The aim of this paper is to describe the burden of breast cancer in the world, as the now most common cancer in women in the globe. Here a descriptive pattern based on information available in IARC and WHO databases describing estimated age-specific incidence is presented, both for incidence and mortality. The newer treatment modalities and screening programs have been developed to alleviate the burden of this disease, but much more needs to be done in the developing countries for the impact to reach outside of the developed nations.

El objetivo de este documento es describir la carga del cáncer de mama en el mundo, puesto que es el cáncer más común entre las mujeres del planeta. Aquí se presenta un patrón descriptivo basado en la información disponible en las bases de datos de la IARC y la OMS, describiendo estimaciones de la incidencia por grupos específicos de edad, tanto para incidencia como mortalidad. Las nuevas modalidades de tratamiento y programas de tamizaje se han desarrollado para aligerar la carga de esta enfermedad, pero necesita hacerse mucho más en los países en vías de desarrollo para que el impacto alcance más allá de las naciones desarrolladas.

Is nasopharyngeal cancer really a "Cantonese cancer"? / 癌症

Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is endemic in Southern China, with Guandong province and Hong Kong reporting some of the highest incidences in the world. The journal Science has called it a "Cantonese cancer". We propose that in fact NPC is a cancer that originated in the Bai Yue ("proto Tai Kadai" or "proto Austronesian" or "proto Zhuang") peoples and was transmitted to the Han Chinese in southern China through intermarriage. However, the work by John Ho raised the profile of NPC, and because of the high incidence of NPC in Hong Kong and Guangzhou, NPC became known as a Cantonese cancer. We searched historical articles, articles cited in PubMed, Google, monographs, books and Internet articles relating to genetics of the peoples with high populations of NPC. The migration history of these various peoples was extensively researched, and where possible, their genetic fingerprint identified to corroborate with historical accounts. Genetic and anthropological evidence suggest there are a lot of similarities between the Bai Yue and the aboriginal peoples of Borneo and Northeast India; between Inuit of Greenland, Austronesian Mayalo Polynesians of Southeast Asia and Polynesians of Oceania, suggesting some common ancestry. Genetic studies also suggest the present Cantonese, Minnans and Hakkas are probably an admixture of northern Han and southern Bai Yue. All these populations have a high incidence of NPC. Very early contact between southern Chinese and peoples of East Africa and Arabia can also account for the intermediate incidence of NPC in these regions.

Towards eradication of cervical cancer: 4th biennial conference of the Asia Oceania research organization on Genital Infections & Neoplasia (AOGIN) / 부인종양

No abstract available.

Sistemas de psiquiatria forense no mundo / Forensic psychiatric systems of the world

OBJETIVO: Este estudo visa a uma abordagem da psiquiatria forense dentro de diferentes contextos, no sentido de mostrar como essa ciência é influenciada por aspectos legais e culturais. MÉTODO: Foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica com o objetivo de apreender formas culturalmente diferentes de se lidar com a lei dentro do campo médico-psiquiátrico. RESULTADOS: Existe uma enorme gama de fatores, de diversas naturezas (legal, política, cultural, religiosa), que enriquece e, simultaneamente, dificulta um debate sobre o tema. CONCLUSÕES: Existem dois grandes obstáculos para se adquirir um conhecimento sobre a prática, em todo o mundo, da psiquiatria forense. O primeiro diz respeito a uma heterogeneidade que dificulta sua descrição de forma clara, e o segundo se refere ao próprio desconhecimento de realidades culturalmente muito diferentes. Por outro lado, essas mesmas dificuldades devem representar um estímulo para novos estudos dessa natureza, objetivando a alcançar, pouco a pouco, uma maior compreensão da matéria

OBJECTIVE: The study aims to approach forensic psychiatry within different contexts. It endeavors to show how this specific psychiatry science area is influenced by legal and cultural aspects.METHOD: The bibliography reviewed had in view understanding the different ways of how to deal with law within the psychiatric sphere, from a cultural point of view. RESULTS: there is a great heterogeneity, of different nature (legal, political, cultural, and religious) that enrich, but at the same time makes difficult, a debate about this issue.CONCLUSIONS: there are two great obstacles to achieve a good knowledge about the practice of forensic psychiatry all over the world. The first one is represented by a heterogeneity that makes difficult its description in a comprehensible way. The second is the lack of knowledge of the cultural diverse realities. These difficulties should be a stimulus for newer studies of this characteristic. Only in this way it becomes possible to gradually increase the comprehension of this issue

Analysis of Clinical Contents of Outpatients in Foreign Clinic

BACKGROUND: With the increasing numbers of foreign residents and tourists in Korea, the need of medical care systems for foreign patients seems to be growing, but there are few studies related with foreigners staying in Korea so far. This study was conducted to obtain the basic clinical data of foreign patients for the better medical care of them. METHODS: This study is an analysis of 1,405 outpatients in International(Foreign) Clinic of Kangbuk Samsung Hospital from Jan. 1 1994 to Dec. 31 1996. Patient charts were reviewed and analyzed. RESULTS: Of the total of 1,405 cases, 833 cases(59.3%) were males and 572 cases(40.7%) were females. The largest age group was the 4th decades, which were 408 cases(29.0%). By racial grouping, Japanese were the largest, accounting for 507 cases(36.1%) of all, followed by Europeans(including Oceanians) with 384 cases(27.3%) and North Americans with 335 cases (23.8%). The total number of hospital visits was 3,823. According to departments, Family Medicine had 968 visits(25.3%) of all, follewed by Pediatrics with 503 visits(13.2%), Internal Medicine 406visits(10.6%) and Dermatology 355visits(9.3%). The most common diagnoses were preventive medical cares such as general medical examination(6.0%), vaccination(4.5%), antenatal care(3.4%) and special investigations (3.1%), followed by acute infectious diseases such as acute upper respiratory infection including acute pharyngitis(7.4%), bronchitis(5.0%), infectious diarrhea(3.6%) and otitis media(2.9%) among top 20 ranks. preventive medical cares such as general medical examination and vaccination were more common in Family Medicine, and acute infectious diseases such as acute upper respiratory infection and bronchitis were more common in Internal Medicine and Pediatrics. preventive medical cares and acute infectious diseases were common without any differences between advanced countries(North America, Europe and Oceania, Japan) and developing countries(Asia, Africa, Latin America), except infectious diarrhea. Hospital visits due to infectious diarrhea were much more frequent among advanced countries (4.3% in Japan, 3.4% in the others) than developing countries(0.9%). CONCLUSIONS: According to the results, it showed the certain characteristics of the high medical need about preventive medical care and acute infectious diseases among foreign patients staying in Korea. It also shows the need of family physicians who could play important roles in practicing preventive medical care and acute common diseases for foreigners. Therefore it is believed that further studies for foreign patients in Korea will be necessary and should be conducted in the future.

Analysis of Clinical Contents of Outpatients in Foreign Clinic

BACKGROUND: With the increasing numbers of foreign residents and tourists in Korea, the need of medical care systems for foreign patients seems to be growing, but there are few studies related with foreigners staying in Korea so far. This study was conducted to obtain the basic clinical data of foreign patients for the better medical care of them. METHODS: This study is an analysis of 1,405 outpatients in International(Foreign) Clinic of Kangbuk Samsung Hospital from Jan. 1 1994 to Dec. 31 1996. Patient charts were reviewed and analyzed. RESULTS: Of the total of 1,405 cases, 833 cases(59.3%) were males and 572 cases(40.7%) were females. The largest age group was the 4th decades, which were 408 cases(29.0%). By racial grouping, Japanese were the largest, accounting for 507 cases(36.1%) of all, followed by Europeans(including Oceanians) with 384 cases(27.3%) and North Americans with 335 cases (23.8%). The total number of hospital visits was 3,823. According to departments, Family Medicine had 968 visits(25.3%) of all, follewed by Pediatrics with 503 visits(13.2%), Internal Medicine 406visits(10.6%) and Dermatology 355visits(9.3%). The most common diagnoses were preventive medical cares such as general medical examination(6.0%), vaccination(4.5%), antenatal care(3.4%) and special investigations (3.1%), followed by acute infectious diseases such as acute upper respiratory infection including acute pharyngitis(7.4%), bronchitis(5.0%), infectious diarrhea(3.6%) and otitis media(2.9%) among top 20 ranks. preventive medical cares such as general medical examination and vaccination were more common in Family Medicine, and acute infectious diseases such as acute upper respiratory infection and bronchitis were more common in Internal Medicine and Pediatrics. preventive medical cares and acute infectious diseases were common without any differences between advanced countries(North America, Europe and Oceania, Japan) and developing countries(Asia, Africa, Latin America), except infectious diarrhea. Hospital visits due to infectious diarrhea were much more frequent among advanced countries (4.3% in Japan, 3.4% in the others) than developing countries(0.9%). CONCLUSIONS: According to the results, it showed the certain characteristics of the high medical need about preventive medical care and acute infectious diseases among foreign patients staying in Korea. It also shows the need of family physicians who could play important roles in practicing preventive medical care and acute common diseases for foreigners. Therefore it is believed that further studies for foreign patients in Korea will be necessary and should be conducted in the future.

Análises de componentes principais e de agrupamento da disponibilidade de nutrientes per capita / Principal components analysis and cluster analysis of \"per capita\" availability of nutrients

Foram utilizadas as análises de componentes principais e de agrupamentos para o estudo da evoluçäo de 30 unidades (país,continente ou mundo) em relaçäo a 12 nutrientes em 4 períodos (1961-63, 1969-71, 1979-81 e 1984-86). Dentre as unidades estudadas, a Nova Zelândia apresentou a maior disponibilidade e a China manteve-se em situaçäo extrema negativa. O Brasil apresentou baixa disponibilidade nos 4 períodos. As variáveis que mais contribuiram para o primeiro componente principal (Y1) foram: riboflavina, lipídeos, proteinas e calorias. O segundo componente (Y2) caracterizou-se pela maior contribuiçäo de ß-caroteno