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1.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 66(4): 346-350, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-787624

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: The primary outcome of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding sufentanil to hyperbaric bupivacaine on duration of sensory blockade of spinal anesthesia in chronic opioid users in comparison with non-addicts. Methods: Sixty patients scheduled for orthopedic surgery under spinal anesthesia were allocated into four groups: group 1 (no history of opium use who received intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine along with 1 mL saline as placebo); group 2 (no history of opium use who received intrathecal bupivacaine along with 1 mL sufentanil [5 µg]); group 3 (positive history of opium use who received intrathecal bupivacaine along with 1 mL saline as placebo) and group 4 (positive history of opium use who received intrathecal bupivacaine along with 1 mL sufentanil [5 µg]). The onset time and duration of sensory and motor blockade were measured. Results: The duration of sensory blockade in group 3 was 120 ± 23.1 min which was significantly less than other groups (G1 = 148 ± 28.7, G2 = 144 ± 26.4, G4 = 139 ± 24.7, p = 0.007). The duration of motor blockade in group 3 was 145 ± 30.0 min which was significantly less than other groups (G1 = 164 ± 36.0, G2 = 174 ± 26.8, G4 = 174 ± 24.9, p = 0.03). Conclusions: Addition of 5 µg intrathecal sufentanil to hyperbaric bupivacaine in chronic opioid users lengthened the sensory and motor duration of blockade to be equivalent to blockade measured in non-addicts.


Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da adição de sufentanil à bupivacaína hiperbárica na duração do bloqueio sensorial da raquianestesia em usuários crônicos de opioides em comparação com não adictos. Métodos: Foram distribuídos em quatro grupos 60 pacientes agendados para cirurgia ortopédica sob raquianestesia: Grupo 1 (sem história de uso de ópio, recebeu bupivacaína hiperbárica intratecal juntamente com 1 mL de solução salina como placebo); Grupo 2 (sem história de uso de ópio, recebeu bupivacaína intratecal juntamente com 1 mL de sufentanil [5 µg]); Grupo 3 (com história de uso de ópio, recebeu bupivacaína intratecal juntamente com 1 mL de solução salina como placebo) e Grupo 4 (com história de uso de ópio, recebeu bupivacaína intratecal juntamente com 1 mL de sufentanil [5 µg]). O tempo de início e a duração dos bloqueios sensitivo e motor foram registrados. Resultados: A duração do bloqueio sensorial no Grupo 3 foi de 120 ± 23,1 min, um tempo significativamente menor do que nos outros grupos (G1 = 148 ± 28,7, G2 = 144 ± 26,4, G4 = 139 ± 24,7, p = 0,007). A duração do bloqueio motor no Grupo 3 foi de 145 ± 30,0 min, um tempo significativamente menor do que nos outros grupos (G1 = 164 ± 36.0, G2 = 174 ± 26.8, G4 = 174 ± 24,9; p = 0,03). Conclusões: A adição de 5 µg de sufentanil intratecal à bupivacaína hiperbárica em usuários crônicos de opioides aumenta a duração dos bloqueios sensorial e motor de forma equivalente ao bloqueio avaliado em não adictos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Opium/pharmacology , Bupivacaine/pharmacology , Sufentanil/pharmacology , Substance-Related Disorders/complications , Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology , Anesthesia, Spinal/methods , Time Factors , Chronic Disease , Drug Therapy, Combination , Drug Users , Anesthetics, Local/pharmacology
3.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 123(5): 628-36, mayo 1995. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-152867

ABSTRACT

The medicinal use of opium and of morphine in different cultures and ancient civilizations is described. Research within the past 40 years have demonstrated the existence of brain opiate receptors. Morphine and related opioid analgetic interact at these sites in the nervous system to produce the characteristic pharmacological effects of these drugs. The opiate receptors have structural homologies with a variety of other cell membrane recpetors; they activate second messenger-based chemical transduction systems in the cell embrane and are endowed with several regulation mechanisms. These opiate receptors are presumably activated under specific physiological conditions by endogenous ligands (opiopeptins). It is currently thought thar morphine mimicks the opiopeptins by interacting with these receptors either at different molecular subsites or with a different mode of action


Subject(s)
Humans , Opium/pharmacology , Receptors, Opioid/physiology , Analgesia , Opium/history , Pain/physiopathology , Enkephalins , Endorphins , Receptors, Opioid/history , Morphine/history , Morphine/pharmacology
4.
Rev. homeopatia (Säo Paulo) ; (163): 27-33, out.-dez. 1984. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-114383

ABSTRACT

A evolucao das tecnicas de investigacoes biologicas permite apos alguns anos, a fisiologia, estudar as engrenagens mais delicadas celulares e sub-celulares. A este nivel, certos mecanismos de acao bem postos recentemente em evidencia pela neurofisiologia, permite entrever o mecanismo intimo de acao da homeopatia. Nos tomamos como exemplo a acao das doses homeopaticas do OPIUM e do STRYCHNINUM, comparando-as as recentes descobertas concernentes aos sistemas de neuromediacao endorfinica e glicinergica


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Mechanisms of Action of Homeopathic Remedies , Neurotransmitter Agents , Arndt-Schultz Law , Endorphins , Glycine/physiology , Sudden Infant Death/prevention & control , Opium/pharmacology , Opium/therapeutic use , Sleep Apnea Syndromes/prevention & control , Sleep Apnea Syndromes/therapy , Strychnine/pharmacology , Strychninum Purum/pharmacology , Strychninum Purum/therapeutic use
5.
Indian J Exp Biol ; 1976 Jan; 14(1): 22-5
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-59304
6.
Indian J Med Sci ; 1961 Aug; 15(): 667-71
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-66455

Subject(s)
Opium/pharmacology
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