Changing the guard at the Journal of Oral Diagnosis

Within the complex setting of scientific publishing, the editorial board of a journal stands as the guardian of its scholarly legacy, guiding its trajectory and ensuring its enduring relevance amidst the dynamic landscape of academia1. This special responsibility often marks a symbolic "changing of the guard" as new Editors-in-Chief assume leadership, mapping new paths for the publication while drawing from the achievements of their predecessors. The tradition of acknowledging such transitions through editorial reflections is well-established within the scientific community. Just as Burt2 elucidated in his editorial for His-topathology, titled "Changing of the guard", we also find ourselves at a juncture deserving recognition of the succession within the editorial board of the Journal of Oral Diagnosis. (AU)

Preventive and therapeutic assessment program for mucositis in patients with cancer: promising advances in stomatological care / Programa de avaliação preventiva e terapêutica de mucosite em pacientes com câncer: avanços promissores na assistência estomatológica

OBJECTIVES: We propose a preventive and therapeutic assessment program for mucositis in patients with cancer based on a comprehensive review of scientific evidence. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This methodological study, designed as a non-systematic review, entails a thorough review of the scientific evidence on the management of mucositis in patients with cancer. The PICO method was used, allowing for a structured approach to explore and synthesize relevant evidence. RESULTS: Effective mucositis management requires regular assessments, dental exams, preventive strategies, and consideration of modifiable risk factors. Pharmacological therapies may be considered for severe cases, while oral antimicrobials, prophylactic antiviral and antifungal therapy can prevent infections. Topical anesthetics o?er pain relief but require careful administration. A gradual management plan, from gentle rinses to analgesics, is recommended. CONCLUSION: The suggested program may improve the identification, prevention, and management of this complication to achieve optimal management outcomes.

OBJETIVOS: Propomos um programa de avaliação preventiva e terapêutica de mucosite em pacientes com câncer com base em uma revisão abrangente de evidências científicas. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Este estudo metodológico, concebido como uma revisão não sistemática, envolve uma revisão aprofundada da evidência científica sobre o manejo de mucosite em pacientes com câncer. Foi utilizado o método PICO, permitindo uma abordagem estruturada para explorar e sintetizar evidências relevantes. RESULTADOS: O manejo eficaz da mucosite requer avaliações regulares, exames odontológicos, estratégias preventivas e consideração de fatores de risco modificáveis. As terapias farmacológicas podem ser consideradas para casos graves, enquanto os antimicrobianos orais e a terapia antiviral e antifúngica profilática podem prevenir infecções. Os anestésicos tópicos oferecem alívio da dor, mas requerem administração cuidadosa. Recomenda-se uma administração gradual, desde enxágues suaves até analgésicos. CONCLUSÃO: O programa sugerido pode melhorar a identificação, prevenção e manejo desta complicação para alcançar resultados de conduta ideais.

Resumption of brazilian oral medicine health care during the second period of the COVID-19 pandemic

Aim: This present study aims to compare the data from the Brazilian Unified Health System on the number of clinical consultations of Oral Medicine from the first 6 months (March-August 2020) of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil with the last 6 months (September-February 2020/2021) to update the data, verify the measures' effectiveness to return clinical activities in the following months. Methods: perform a literature review of recent articles that report the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Oral Medicine. Results: There was an increase in the number of Oral Medicine clinical consultations in the second half of the pandemic throughout Brazil (+64.2%), representing over 9,235 appointments in this period. Conclusion: measures for the return of health assistance and the practice of Telemedicine proved to be effective after the second period of the pandemic. Even so, strengthening security measures against the coronavirus is essential to ward off a new wave since the Omicron variant emerged in the country and, consequently, possible new lockdowns that might affect healthcare in Brazil

Oral Medicine and Pharmacology Teleconsulting Sessions of the Telehealth Program in one Southeastern State of Brazil

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate questions concerning oral medicineand pharmacology-related specialties of asynchronous dental teleconsulting sessions of the Telehealth Brazil Networks Program. Material and Methods: Data were collected from secondary databases of asynchronous dental teleconsulting sessions of the telehealth centers of Minas Gerais from July 2015 to July 2017. The variables for dental underlying fields and the types of questions were evaluated. Descriptive analysis was performed with the SPSS v.22.0 program. Results: 3,920 teleconsulting sessions were referred to the telehealth centers of Minas Gerais during the study period. Regarding oral medicine-related questions (n=745), most (n=469; 62.95%) addressed diagnosis, whereas the underlying field questions mostly regarded fungal, viral, and bacterial infections (17.3%), biopsies (16.4%), developmental defects and dental abnormalities (9.9%), and soft tissue tumors (9.4%). Pharmacology-related questions (n=738) mostly addressed general approaches (n=672; 91.06%), and the most common questions were about underlying fields' prescriptions (44.7%), anesthetics (17.6%), adverse effects of medications and anesthetics (10.2%), and selection of anesthetics for patients with systemic conditions (9.8%). Conclusion: Most teleconsulting sessions regarded conditions or procedures common in primary health care and essential for diagnosis and treatment planning at all care levels, which suggests a need for more academic learning processes for healthcare professionals, especially in dentistry primary fields.

La Bioseguridad en los Servicios de Estomatología. Una Revisión Sistemática / Biosecurity in Stomatology Services, A Systematic Review

La odontología frente al virus SARS-CoV-2 ha sido calificada como la práctica que conlleva más riesgo comparado a otras profesiones en el ámbito de la salud, sobre todo porque el campo de trabajo es la cavidad oral, exponiéndose a diferentes agentes patógenos que podrían poner en riesgo la vida de los odontólogos, y ante el COVID-19 se expone esta preocupante realidad, por lo que a nivel internacional y local se han restructurado los protocolos de atención odontológica. El objetivo del presente estudio fue para concientizar la necesidad de prevenir la morbimortalidad por las infecciones cruzadas, mediante un espacio seguro, con la aplicación estricta de la bioseguridad para todos los que participan en la consulta estomatológica. La presente revisión ha encontrado coincidencias de criterios, así como, recomendaciones universales en la prevención de las infecciones cruzadas y manejo de la seguridad ante el riesgo de contagio.

Dentistry against the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been classified as the practice that carries more risk compared to other professions in the field of health, especially since the field of work is the oral cavity, exposing itself to different pathogens that could putting the lives of dentists at risk, and in the face of COVID-19 this worrying reality is exposed, so at the international and local level dental care protocols have been restructured. The objective of this study is to raise awareness of the need to prevent morbidity and mortality due to cross infections, through a safe space, with the strict application of biosafety for all those who participate in the stomatological consultation. The present review has found coincidences of criteria, as well as universal recommendations in the prevention of cross infections and management of safety in the face of the risk of contagion.

Las publicaciones científicas de los profesionales de la Clínica Universitaria de Especialidades Estomatológicas "Manuel Cedeño" / Scientific publications by professionals of the "Manuel Cedeño" University Clinic of Dental Specialties

Fundamento: Las publicaciones científicas son importantes en el ámbito médico pues permiten la divulgación de las investigaciones científicas. Objetivo: Describir el comportamiento de las publicaciones científicas de los profesionales pertenecientes a la Clínica Universitaria de Especialidades Estomatológicas "Manuel Cedeño". Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo, de tipo bibliométrico en la Clínica de Especialidades Estomatológicas "Manuel Cedeño", desde noviembre de 2016 hasta junio de 2021. Los indicadores bibliométricos estudiados fueron: cantidad de artículos publicados por año, revista de publicación, tipología de los artículos y temática investigada. Resultados: Se encontraron 29 artículos publicados, de ellos el 86.20 % fueron reportes originales. El año 2019 fue el de más publicaciones científicas. En la revista Multimed se publicó la mayor cantidad y la temática más abordada fue Ortodoncia con el 31.03 %. Conclusiones: Los informes originales predominaron, se publicaron trabajos en revistas cubanas y se abordaron varios temas; aun así, consideramos que la cantidad de artículos debe ser mayor y más diversa según tipología.

Background: Scientific publications are important in the medical field because they permit the divulgation of scientific research. Objective: To describe the behavior of scientific publications of the professionals belonging to the "Manuel Cedeño" University Clinic of Dental Specialties. Methodology: A descriptive and retrospective bibliometric study was conducted at the "Manuel Cedeño" University Clinic of Dental Specialties, from November 2016 to June 2021. The bibliometric indicators studied were: number of articles published by year, publication journal, article typology and subject researched. Results: A number of 29 published articles were found, out of which 86.20% were original reports. 2019 was the year with the highest number of scientific publications. The greatest number was published in the Multimed journal, and the subject most covered was Orthodontics, with 31.03%. Conclusions: The original reports predominated, articles were published in Cuban journals and various topics were covered; even so, we consider that the number of articles must be greater and more diverse according to typology.

Percepción de Miedo al COVID-19 en Estomatólogos Generales y Especialistas / Perception of Fear of COVID-19 in General and Specialist Stomatologists

Durante la pandemia por COVID-19, se incrementaron las preocupaciones, la ansiedad y el miedo, especialmente al brindar atención estomatológica. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la percepción del miedo al COVID-19 en estomatólogos generales y especialistas durante la pandemia. Se diseñó un estudio observacional, analítico, unicéntrico y homodémico. Se incluyeron estomatólogos generales y especialistas de cualquier sexo de diversas disciplinas estomatológicas como ortodoncia, endodoncia, cirugía maxilofacial, etc. La muestra estuvo constituida por 72 estomatólogos, 42 de práctica general (58,3 %) y 32 especialistas (41,6 %). Los datos se recolectaron durante marzo a septiembre del 2021. Participaron 72 estomatólogos (M= 39 años, D.E. 10,82). El 69,4 % de la muestra (n =50) fueron mujeres. De acuerdo con el análisis de medias de la escala total, se encontró que los hombres se perciben ligeramente con más miedo al Covid-19 (M=3,09) que las mujeres durante su práctica estomatológica (M=2,78) sin diferencias significativas. La edad impactó en las respuestas, ya que los mayores de 40 años percibieron más miedo M= 3.23 (IC 95%: 2,65-3,81) que el grupo de 20 a 40 años M=2,73 (IC 95%: 2,37-3,09). Los especialistas, también percibieron mayor miedo al COVID-19 contrastados con los estomatólogos de práctica general (M=2,63) vs (M=3,06). Los resultados denotaron que el 36,1 % de los estomatólogos tuvieron miedo al COVID-19. La investigación anterior mostró resultados similares al estudio de Monterrosa-Castro et al. (2020) en médicos generales colombianos en el que el 37,1 % presentó síntomas de miedo al COVID-19 (FCV-19S). El contexto de pandemia, además de la incertidumbre del comportamiento del COVID-19 y la falta de vacunación masiva al momento de levantar los datos, jugaron un papel muy importante en la percepción del miedo al COVID-19. Los especialistas observaron mayor miedo al COVID-19 al igual que el grupo de mayor edad.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, worries, anxiety and fear increased, especially when providing dental care. The objective of this research was to analyze the perception of fear of COVID-19 in general dentists and specialists during the pandemic. An observational, analytical, single center and homodemic study was designed. General stomatologists and specialists of any sex from various dental disciplines such as orthodontics, endodontics, maxillofacial surgery, etc., were included. The sample consisted of 72 dentists, 42 general practice (58.3 %) and 32 specialists (41.6 %). Data was collected from March to September 2021. 72 dentists participated (M= 39 years, S.D. 10.82). 69.4 % of the sample (n = 50) were women. According to the analysis of means of the total scale, it was found that men perceive themselves to be slightly more afraid of Covid-19 (M=3.09) than women during their dental practice (M=2.78) without significant differences. Age had an impact on the responses, since those over 40 years of age perceived more fear M= 3.23 (95% CI: 2.65-3.81) than the group from 20 to 40 years M=2.73 (95% CI: 2.37- 3.09). Specialists also perceived greater fear of COVID-19 compared to general practice dentists (M=2.63) vs (M=3.06). The results denoted that 36.1 % of the dentists were afraid of COVID-19. Previous research showed similar results to the study by Monterrosa-Castro et al. (2020) in Colombian general practitioners in which 37.1 % presented symptoms of fear of COVID-19 (FCV-19S). The pandemic context, in addition to the uncertainty of the behavior of COVID-19 and the lack of mass vaccination at the time of collecting the data, played a very important role in the perception of fear of COVID-19. The specialists observed greater fear of COVID-19 as well as the older group.

Fundamentos metodológicos para investigación clínica en estomatología / Methodological basis for clinical research in stomatology

La investigación científica en Odontología es la herramienta clave para generar conocimiento y resolver problemas que conduzcan al desarrollo exponencial y progreso tecnológico de la profesión. A su vez, e indispensable el estudio epidemiológico y etiopatogénico de las enfermedades estomatológicas, factores de riesgo y manifestaciones orales relacionadas a la salud sistémica, para implementar estrategias sanitarias y establecer un adecuado manejo multidisciplinario. La odontología basada en evidencia (OBE) exige al profesional realizar una práctica informada, responsable, actualizada y soportada en una sólida base científica para la toma de decisiones y garantizar resultados altamente predecibles. La mayoría de los estudios clínicos en Odontología se realizan bajo el enfoque cuantitativo utilizando los diseños epidemiológicos; por lo que es necesario identificar la ruta ideal para resolver cada problema científico, la presente revisión comprende las bases metodológicas de investigación en Odontología, la clasificación de tipos de estudio y una perspectiva futura de investigación.

Scientific research in Dentistry is the key tool to generate knowledge and solve problems that lead to the exponential development and technological progress of the profession. At the same time, the epidemiological and etiopathogenic study of stomatological diseases, risk factors and oral manifestations related to systemic health is essential to implement health strategies and establish adequate multidisciplinary management. Evidence-based dentistry (OBE) requires the professional to carry out an informed, responsible, up-to-date practice supported by a solid scientific basis for decision-making and to guarantee highly predictable results. Most of the clinical studies in Dentistry are carried out under a quantitative approach using epidemiological designs; Therefore, it is necessary to identify the ideal route to solve each scientific problem. This review includes the methodological bases of research in Dentistry, the classification of study types and a future research perspective.

Formation of professor Mao Xiejun's thoughts on stomatological education / 中华口腔医学杂志

Professor Mao Xiejun wrote a report about dental education of China in 1935. From 1948 to 1950, he published three articles containing the educational idea of "developing dentistry into stomatology". When he served as the director of the Faculty of Dentistry of Peking University Medical School in July 1950, he proposed to rename the Faculty of Dentistry into the Faculty of Stomatology,which were approved by the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China in one month. The Chinese Medical Association established the Society of Stomatology the next year. Later, dentistry was successively changed into stomatology, and medical content was integrated into dental education, which was of great significance and far-reaching influence. During the developments of the thought of stomatological education in China, Professor Mao Xiejun evidently played a pivotal role. In this paper, the formation process of the thoughts of stomatological education related to professor Mao Xiejun's contribution is elucidated through studying the archives, personal letters, and historical documents, so as to enrich the researches on the history of stomatology in China and to facilitate better understanding and promoting the development of stomatology.

Current application and limitations of augmented reality in the stomatology / 中华口腔医学杂志

Computer-assisted technology are gradually integrated into dental education and clinical treatment. As a cutting-edge technology in computer-aided medicine, augmented reality can not only be used as an aid to dental education by presenting three-dimensional scenes for teaching demonstration and experimental skills training, but also can superimpose virtual image information of patients onto real lesion areas for real-time feedback and intraoperative navigation. This review explores the current applications and limitations of augmented reality in dentistry to provide a reference for future research.

Brief analysis of research and application status of artificial intelligence and related advanced technology in oral medicine / 中华口腔医学杂志

Artificial intelligence revealed its application prospects that could bring change in oral medicine. Artificial intelligence related papers in oral medicine field increased year by year since the 1990s. In order to provide reference for further research, the literature on artificial intelligence studies and its application in oral medicine were retrieved from multiple databases and summarized. The evolution of hot spots on artificial intelligence and related state of the art technology in oral medicine were analyzed.

Oligonucleotide drugs and their progress in stomatology / 中华口腔医学杂志

Oligonucleotide drugs have the characteristics of targeting, modifiability and high biosafety. Recent studies have shown that oligonucleotide can be used to make biosensors, vaccine adjuvants, and has the functions of inhibiting alveolar bone resorption, promoting jaw and alveolar bone regeneration, anti-tumor, destroying plaque biofilm, and precise control of drug release. Therefore, it has a broad application prospect in the field of stomatology. This article reviews the classification, action mechanism and research status of oligonucleotide in stomatology. The aim is to provide ideas for further research and application of oligonucleotide.

Literature review and prospect on oral cognition and disease diagnosis and treatment between Han and Tang dynasties / 华西口腔医学杂志

Chinese medicine entered a significant period from foundation to maturity between Han and Tang dynasties when the Chinese traditional stomatology was a key stage. Sorting and analysis of existing literature and research outcomes have showed that current research on stomatology between Han and Tang dynasties focuses on oral physiology, pathology, diagnosis and treatment, and health care. It also involves stomatology history and explanation of termino-logies related to mouth and teeth recorded in medical books, use of simple methods, and thinking with citation and analysis of literature simply listed and reasoning preliminarily deducted. From the macro perspective, current research has not unveiled the whole picture of stomatology between the two dynasties and left a series of key issues unresolved. Thus, new methods should be developed and employed to carry out medical research on stomatology between Han and Tang dynasties given that is has a prosperous future.

Current status and future prospects of stomatology research / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Research in stomatology (dental medicine) continues to expand globally and is oriented towards solving clinical issues, focusing on clarifying the clinical relevance and potential mechanisms of oral‍-‍systemic connections via clinical epidemiology, oral microecological characterization, and the establishment of animal models. Interdisciplinary integration of materials science and tissue engineering with stomatology is expected to lead to the creation of innovative materials and technologies to better resolve the most prevalent and challenging clinical issues such as peri-implantitis, soft and hard tissue defects, and dentin hypersensitivity. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI), 5th generation mobile communication technology (5G), and big data applications, "intelligent stomatology" is emerging to build models for better clinical diagnosis and management, accelerate the reform of education, and support the growth and advancement of scientific research. Here, we summarized the current research status, and listed the future prospects and limitations of these three aspects, aiming to provide a basis for more accurate etiological exploration, novel treatment methods, and abundant big data analysis in stomatology to promote the translation of research achievements into practical applications for both clinicians and the public.

Valoración de una metodología para integrar software educativo en la asignatura Rehabilitación estomatológica / Assessment of a methodology to integrate educational software in Stomatological Rehabilitation Subject

Introducción: Al elaborar una metodología resulta importante obtener los criterios de expertos antes de su aplicación. En un periodo precedente a esta investigación se elaboró una metodología con etapas y procedimientos para el desarrollo de software educativo. Objetivo: Valorar la pertinencia de la metodología para la integración de software educativo en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de las asignaturas Rehabilitación I y II de Estomatología. Método: Se realizó una investigación pedagógica en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Holguín. Para valorar la pertinencia de la metodología se aplicó el método Delphi, a partir del cual, mediante una encuesta aplicada a 17 expertos seleccionados por su alto coeficiente de competencia en la temática, se pudo llegar a un consenso sobre el tema explorado. Resultados: La aplicación del cuestionario reveló que la mayoría de los expertos consideró cada indicador de la dimensión validez como muy adecuado, solo uno evaluó el indicador etapas de la metodología como adecuado y los procedimientos de la etapa dos como bastante adecuados. Para la dimensión viabilidad casi la totalidad consideró muy adecuados los indicadores factibilidad de aplicación y posibilidad de generalización; esta última fue evaluada por un experto como adecuada. Al comparar los resultados de los siete indicadores con los puntos de corte se aprecia que los expertos en su conjunto los definen como muy adecuados. Conclusiones: La pertinencia de la metodología se constató con el criterio consensuado de los expertos, quienes consideraron muy adecuados los aspectos valorados, y realizaron aportes que permitieron perfeccionarla antes de su implementación. Sobre estas bases no fue necesaria una segunda etapa de aplicación del método(AU)

Introduction: When developing a methodology, it is important to obtain the criteria of experts before its application. In a period preceding this research, a methodology with stages and procedures was defined for the development of educational software. Objective: To assess the relevance of the methodology for the integration of educational software in the teaching-learning process of the subjects Rehabilitation I and II of Stomatology. Method: A pedagogical research was carried out at the University Of Medical Sciences Of Holguín. To assess the relevance of the methodology, the Delphi method was applied, from which, through a survey applied to 17 experts selected for their high coefficient of competence in the subject, a consensus could be reached on the explored topic. Results: The application of the questionnaire revealed that most of the experts considered each indicator of the validity dimension as very adequate; only one evaluated the indicator stages of the methodology as adequate and the procedures of stage two as quite adequate. For the feasibility dimension, almost all considered the feasibility of application and possibility of generalization indicators to be very adequate; the latter was evaluated by an expert as adequate. When comparing the results of the seven indicators with the cut-off points, it can be seen that the experts as a whole define them as very adequate. Conclusions: The relevance of the methodology was verified with the agreed criteria of the experts, who considered the aspects evaluated to be very adequate, and made contributions that allowed it to be perfected before its implementation. On these bases, a second stage of application of the method was not necessary(AU)

O odontólogo frente aos cuidados paliativos na oncologia / The dental surgeon facing palliative care in oncology: a literature review / El odontólogo ante los cuidados paliativos en oncología

Cuidados paliativos são um conjunto de procedimentos ofertados ao paciente por uma equipe multidisciplinar com objetivo de garantir bem-estar, autonomia,conforto e alívio de sintomas decorrentes de doença ou tratamento quando a cura é impossibilitada. O câncer representa uma das doenças que possuem chances de evoluir o paciente ao estágio terminal, momento em que cuidados paliativos são indicados e necessários. Dentro da equipe responsável, o cirurgião-dentista atua na prevenção, diagnóstico e tratamento de lesões expressas no sistema estomatognático que se manifestam estimuladas pelo câncer ou pelos tratamentos utilizados. O objetivo desta pesquisa é destacar a função do odontólogo dentro da equipe multidisciplinar paliativista para pacientes oncológicos. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica sistemáticada literatura. Foram feitas buscas nas plataformas Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão foram selecionados 14 artigos. A literatura evidencia que alterações orais estão relacionadas com o curso da neoplasia ou seu tratamento; as lesões mais descritas foram: mucosite, xerostomia, candidíase, cárie, periodontite e osteorradionecrose. Isso faz com que o paciente sofra limitações em realizar atividades básicas, alterando negativamente a sua qualidade de vida. A complexidade da manifestação oral pode interromper o tratamento antineoplásico. As medidas de enfrentamento mais empregadas para a saúde bucal do paciente oncológico são a laserterapia, bochechos com clorexidina 0,12%, instrução de higiene oral, uso de anti-inflamatórios, analgésicos e antifúngicos. A atuação do odontólogo na equipe multidisciplinar oncológica paliativista é indispensável para o controle das manifestações orais.

Palliative care comprises a set of procedures offered by a multidisciplinary team to patients who cannot be cured, aiming to restore and ensure well-being, autonomy, independence, comfort and relief from symptoms resulting from illness or treatments. Cancer commonly leads the patient to the terminal stage, and at this stage palliative care is indicated and necessary. Composing the multidisciplinary team, the dentist works in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of injuries that arise in the stomatognathic system, which manifest themselves due to cancer or its treatments. The objective of this research was to highlight the work of the dentist in the multidisciplinary team of palliative care for cancer patients. This is a systematic bibliographic review of the literature, with an integrative character. Study searches were performed in the Virtual Health Library (VHL) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 14 articles were selected. Results showed that oral alterations are completely related to the development of the neoplasm or its treatment; the most described lesions were: mucositis, xerostomia, candidiasis, osteoradionecrosis, radiation caries and periodontitis. These injuries make the patient suffer limitations to perform basic activities, such as eating or communicating, negatively altering their quality of life. The complexity of the oral manifestation can determine the interruption of the anticancer treatment. The most used coping measures for the oral healthof cancer patients are: low- potency laser therapy, mouthwash with 0.12% chlorhexidine, instructionin oral hygiene and use of anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antifungal drugs. The role of dentists in the multidisciplinary palliative oncology team is essential for the control of oral lesions.

Los cuidados paliativos son un conjunto de procedimientos ofrecidos al paciente por un equipo multidisciplinar con el objetivo de garantizar el bienestar, la autonomía, el confort y el alivio de los síntomas derivados de la enfermedad o del tratamiento cuando la curación es imposible. El cáncer representa una de las enfermedades que tienen posibilidades de evolucionar al paciente hasta la fase terminal, momento en el que los cuidados paliativos son indicados y necesarios. Dentro del equipo responsable, el cirujano dentista actúa en la prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento de las lesiones expresadas en el sistema estomatognático que se manifiestan estimuladas por el cáncer o por los tratamientos utilizados. El objetivo de esta investigación es destacar la función del odontólogo dentro del equipo paliativo multidisciplinar para pacientes oncológicos. Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica sistemática. Se realizaron búsquedas en las plataformas Virtual Health Library (BVS) y Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) y tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se seleccionaron 14 artículos. La literatura muestra que las alteraciones orales están relacionadas con el curso del cáncer o su tratamiento; las lesiones más comúnmente descritas fueron: mucositis, xerostomía, candidiasis, caries, periodontitis y osteorradionecrosis. Esto hace que el paciente sufra limitaciones para realizar actividades básicas, alterando negativamente su calidad de vida. La complejidad de la manifestación oral puede interrumpir el tratamiento antineoplásico. Las medidas de afrontamiento más utilizadas para la salud bucodental de los pacientes con cáncer son la terapia láser, los enjuagues bucales con clorhexidina al 0,12%, las instrucciones de higiene bucodental y el uso de fármacos antiinflamatorios, analgésicos y antifúngicos. La actuación del odontólogo en el equipo multidisciplinar de oncología paliativa es fundamental para el control de las manifestaciones orales.

Estrategia didáctica para desarrollar la habilidad diagnóstico precoz del cáncer bucal en estomatología / A didactic strategy for developing the skill of early diagnosis of oral cancer in the dental medicine major

Introducción: Los estudiantes de la carrera de estomatología deben empoderarse de los conocimientos, hábitos y valores necesarios para abordar el proceso de salud-enfermedad con una perspectiva integral. En este sentido, el desarrollo de las habilidades de la profesión cobra gran significación. Objetivo: Diseñar una estrategia didáctica para el desarrollo de la habilidad diagnóstico precoz del cáncer bucal en los estudiantes de estomatología desde la asignatura Atención Integral a la Población. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación educativa, descriptiva y con enfoque mixto en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Guantánamo, durante el curso 2019-2020, para lo cual se utilizaron métodos de los niveles teórico, empírico y estadístico. Esta abarcó la sistematización teórica y el diagnóstico del estado actual del objeto de estudio; así como la fundamentación, el diseño y la valoración de la estrategia didáctica propuesta. Se trabajó con el total de la población vinculada al proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la asignatura Atención Integral a la Población. Resultados: Se estructuró la estrategia didáctica propuesta en tres etapas: diagnóstico-planificación, ejecución y evaluación. Conclusiones: La valoración de la estrategia didáctica para el desarrollo de la habilidad "diagnóstico precoz del cáncer bucal" en los estudiantes de estomatología, según el criterio de especialistas, evidenció la pertinencia de la estrategia(AU)

Introduction: Dental medicine students should empower themselves with the knowledge, habits and values necessary to approach the health-disease process with a comprehensive perspective. In this respect, the development of the skills inherent in the profession takes on great significance. Objective: To design a didactic strategy for the development of the skill of early diagnosis of oral cancer in dental medicine students from the scenario of the subject Comprehensive Care of the Population. Methods: An educational and descriptive research with a mixed approach was carried out at the University of Medical Sciences of Guantánamo, during the 2019-2020 academic year, for which theoretical, empirical and statistical methods were used. This included theoretical systematization and diagnosis of the current state of the object of study, as well as the foundation, design and assessment of the proposed didactic strategy. The work was implemented with the total population linked to the teaching-learning process of the subject Comprehensive Care of the Population. Results: The proposed didactic strategy was structured in three stages: diagnosis-planning, implementation and assessment. Conclusions: The assessment of the didactic strategy for the development of the skill of early diagnosis of oral cancer in dental medicine students, according to criteria provided by specialists, evidenced the relevance of the strategy(AU)

Manejo odontológico integral de una paciente con disostosis cleidocraneal. Reporte caso / Integral dental management of a patient with cleidocraneal dysplasia. Case report

Introducción: la disostosis cleidocraneal (CCD) es una enfermedad genética rara que compromete el desarrollo óseo normal, causada por la alteración en el gen RUNX2 del cromosoma 6p (brazo corto). Sus consecuencias incluyen alteraciones óseas por anomalías en la osificación intramembranosa que, a su vez, conllevan a modificaciones en el desarrollo de huesos craneales, claviculares, a múltiples efectos sobre el número, erupción y recambio dental, y a dificultades funcionales, además de cambios en la conducta psicosocial por el deterioro en la calidad de vida. Objetivo: describir el manejo integral de una paciente con disostosis cleidocraneal, a través de la revisión de caso clínico y el reporte de hallazgos en su mejoramiento, como consecuencia de tratamientos quirúrgicos, rehabilitación y el apoyo interdisciplinario, aspecto de gran importancia para este tipo de pacientes. Caso clínico: paciente femenina de 31 años con diagnóstico de CCD que asistió a la Unidad Estomatológica de la Universidad de Cartagena ­ Colombia, y fue remitida desde Genética por presentar inconformidad funcional y dolor leve durante la masticación de los alimentos por movilidad dental severa en dientes antero-inferiores; además, manifestó permanencia de órganos dentarios deciduos, la cual fue tratada en fases. Al tratamiento se le dio un enfoque multidisciplinar, lo que mejoró, de forma sustancial, la autopercepción e interrelación de la paciente en la sociedad.

Background: Cleidocranial dysostosis (CCD) is a rare genetic disease that compromises normal bone development, caused by the alteration in the RUNX2 gene of chromosome 6p (short arm), which causes bone alterations due to abnormalities in intramembranous ossification that leads to alterations in the development of cranial and clavicular bones and multiple efects on the number, eruption and dental turnover, which leads to functional difculties, in addition to behavior and alterations in psychosocial behavior and the deterioration of their quality of life, Objective: To describe the comprehensive management of a patient with cranial Cleido dysostosis, through a clinical case review, reporting among the fndings the improvement of the patient through surgical treatments, rehabilitation and interdisciplinary support, of great importance for this type of patient. Clinical case: A 31-year-old female patient with a diagnosis of CCD, who attended the Stomatology Unit of the University of Cartagena - Colombia, referred by the treating geneticist, due to functional discomfort and mild pain during chewing food due to severe dental mobility. in anterior-inferior teeth, also showing permanence of deciduous dental organs, which was treated in phases in which a multidisciplinary approach was given to its management, which substantially improved its self-perception and its interrelation in society.

Fundamentos teóricos de una estrategia didáctica interdisciplinaria entre la Farmacología y las asignaturas clínicas estomatológicas en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba / Theoretical foundations of an interdisciplinary didactic strategy between Pharmacology and stomatological clinical subjects in a Cuban medical university

El desarrollo de la interdisciplinariedad, a través del proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje enmarcado en el trabajo conjunto de la unidad curricular de Farmacología y las asignaturas clínicas de la Disciplina Principal Integradora de la carrera de Estomatología, resulta esencial para la sistematización de los contenidos de Farmacología y el desarrollo de habilidades teórico-prácticas en la prescripción racional de medicamentos de uso estomatológico por parte de estudiantes. En el presente ensayo se exponen los fundamentos teóricos que sustentan la estrategia didáctica diseñada para lograr lo antes expuesto. El análisis de los referentes teóricos existentes permitió precisar fundamentos filosóficos, sociológicos, psicológicos, pedagógicos, didácticos y de la educación médica cubana. Finalmente, se consideró que dichos fundamentos permitieron otorgar a la estrategia didáctica diseñada la estructura y coherencia necesarias y el carácter científico, con lo cual se contribuye a la formación integral de los estudiantes y, por consiguiente, al futuro egresado de la carrera de Estomatología.

The development of interdisciplinarity through the teaching-learning process between the Pharmacology curricular unit and the clinical subjects of the Main Integrative Discipline in the Stomatology career, is essential for the systematization of the essential contents of Pharmacology and to develop theoretical skills in the students' practices for the rational prescription of drugs for stomatological use. In this essay, the theoretical foundations that support a designed didactic strategy to achieve the above are exposed. The analysis of the existing theoretical references allowed to specify the philosophical, sociological, psychological, pedagogical, didactic and of Cuban Medical Education foundations. Finally, it was considered that these foundations allowed to give the designed didactic strategy the necessary structure and coherence and scientific character, thereby contributing to the comprehensive training of students and, consequently, of future graduates of the Stomatology career.