Study of capability of nanostructured zero-valent iron and graphene oxide for bioremoval of trinitrophenol from wastewater in a bubble column bioreactor

BACKGROUND: Bioremoval of phenolic compounds using fungi and bacteria has been studied extensively; nevertheless, trinitrophenol bioremediation using modified Oscillatoria cyanobacteria has been barely studied in the literature. RESULTS: Among the effective parameters of bioremediation, algal concentration (3.18 g·L−1 ), trinitrophenol concentration (1301 mg·L−1 ), and reaction time (3.75 d) were screened by statistical analysis. Oscillatoria cyanobacteria were modified by starch/nZVI and starch/graphene oxide in a bubble column bioreactor, and their bioremoval efficiency was investigated. Modifiers, namely, starch/zero-valent iron and starch/GO, increased trinitrophenol bioremoval efficiency by more than 10% and 12%, respectively, as compared to the use of Oscillatoria cyanobacteria alone. Conclusions: It was found that starch/nano zero-valent iron and starch/GO could be applied to improve the removal rate of phenolic compounds from the aqueous solution.

Antibacterial activity of rivularia species and oscillatoria sauna collected from coastal region of Misurata, Libya

In vitro screening of organic solvent [diethyl ether, ethyl acetate and ethanol] extracts of Rivularia species and Oscillatoria salina were carried out against some pathogenic bacteria E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. faecalis, Acinetobacter species and P. mirabilis. Two marine cyanobacteria Oscillatoria salina and Rivularia species were collected from Mediterranean Sea shore, Misurata, Libya. Both cyanobacterial strains were extracted with diethyl ether, ethyl acetate and ethanol. In vitro screening of antibacterial activity of the crude extracts were carried out against six common pathogenic bacteria E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. faecalis, Acinetobacter species and P. mirabilis. The extracts were tested in compliance with the agar well diffusion and disc diffusion method for their antibacterial activity. Diethyl ether extract of Rivularia species showed moderate inhibitory activity against P. mirabilis [5mm] and Acinetobacter species [5mm] and ethylacetate extract of that species showed little activity against Acinetobacter species [3mm] P. mirabilis [2mm]. Ethanol extract of Rivularia species showed no activity to that selected bacteria. Diethylether extract of Oscillatoria salina showed little activity only against Acinetobacter species [2mm] and the remaining two solvent extracts had shown no activity against that above mentioned pathogenic bacteria. Diethyl ether crude extract of Rivularia species possessed noticeable antibacterial activity against gram negative bacteria when compared with standard Ampicillin and Streptomycin. It is evident from the present study that the diethyl ether and ethyl acetate extract of Rivularia species could be utilized as an antibacterial agent in pharmaceutical industry

Screening of Cyanobacteria (Blue-Green algae) from Rice Paddy Soil for Antifungal Activity against Plant Pathogenic Fungi

Soil cyanobacteria isolated from the rice paddy fields of 10 different locations across Korea were evaluated by agar plate diffusion test for antifungal activity. Aqueous, petroleum ether, and methanol extracts from one hundred and forty two cyanobacterial strains belonging to the 14 genera were examined for antifungal properties against seven phytopathogenic fungi causing diseases in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L). Of total cyanobacteria, nine cyanobacteria (6.34%) exhibited antifungal effects. The nine cyanobacteria selected with positive antifungal activities were two species of Oscillatoria, two of Anabaena, three of Nostoc, one of Nodularia, and one of Calothrix. Alternaria alternata and Botrytis cinerea were inhibited by nine and eight species of cyanobacteria, respectively. Rhizopus stolonifer was suppressed by only methanol extract of Nostoc commune FK-103. In particular, Nostoc commune FK-103 and Oscillatoria tenuis FK-109 showed strong antifungal activities against Phytophthora capsici. Their antifungal activity at the late exponential growth phase is related to the growth temperature and not associated with the growth parameters such as cell biomass and chlorophyll-alpha concentration. The high inhibition levels of antibiotics were 22.5 and 31.8 mm for N. commune FK-103 and O. tenuis FK-109, respectively. The optimal temperature for antibiotic productivity was 35degrees C.

Application of Green Algae Habitating along the Streams in Chungju Province onto the Diagnosis of Drowning / 대한법의학회지

To know the value of the solubilization method using tissue solubilizer Soluene-350 in diagnosis of drowning, mice (ICR) were drowned artificially with the fresh water of Chungju district. Chlorophyta (or green algae), such as Oocystis and Eudorina, as well as diatoms, such as Diatoma, Synedra and Cyclotella were detected with other algae including Microcystis, Oscillatoria, Trachlomonas, Altenaria and Cephalodella in the water of Daeje-ji(Dae-je pond). This method is useful in detection of green algae and other kinds of algae for diagnosis of drowning in submerged bodies among legal autopsy cases.