ABSTRACT
Pseudomiasis es el término empleado cuando se considera que las larvas y/o huevos de moscas se adquieren accidentalmente per os y atraviesan con inmediatez a lo largo del tracto digestivo. Se documenta un caso de una pseudomiasis intestinal por larvas de Eristalis tenax (Diptera: Syrphidae) en una paciente femenina de 39 años de edad, proveniente de un sector periférico de la ciudad de Coro, estado Falcón, Venezuela. La paciente observó inmediatamente la presencia de la larva viva en sus heces. Aunque refirió sufrir eventualmente de cólicos, al examen físico se presentó normal. La paciente aparentemente no sufre de trastornos mentales, y posee un nivel socioeconómico bajo. El presente trabajo constituye el primer reporte documentado de una pseudomiasis entérica por E. tenax en la zona semiárida del estado Falcón, en la región nor-occidental de Venezuela.
Pseudomyiasis is the term used for the accidental entrapment of swallowed fly maggots and/or eggs immediately passing through the digestive tract. We report a case of intestinal pseudomyasis caused by the larvae of the cosmopolitan drone fly Eristalis tenax (Diptera: Syrphidae) in a 39 year old woman, resident in a suburban sector from Coro city, Falcon state, Venezuela. The patient immediately noticed a living larva in her stool. Although patient referred eventually became colic, her physical examination was normal, with no mental disturbance. She was in a low socioeconomic level. This is the first report of an enteric pseudomyasis by E. tenax in the semiarid zone of Falcon state, in the northwestern region of Venezuela.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Female , Myiasis/diagnosis , Myiasis/epidemiology , Myiasis/ethnology , Myiasis/microbiology , Myiasis/parasitology , Myiasis/pathology , Myiasis/transmission , Diptera/parasitology , Parasitic Diseases/ethnology , Parasitic Diseases/physiopathology , Parasitic Diseases/microbiologyABSTRACT
El mecanismo adaptativo entre Leishmania y Trypanosoma ante la competencia por los recursos nutricionales en ambientes compartidos ha sido pobremente investigado. En particular, el estudio de la conducta trófica entre Leishmania chagasi y Trypanosoma cruzi podría contribuir al entendimiento de situaciones de gran relevancia médica en humanos, como son las infecciones mixtas por ambos tripanosomatídeos. En este trabajo se establecieron cultivos axénicos puros de Leishmania chagasi y Trypanosoma cruzi, así como cultivos axénicos mixtos (L. chagasi + T. cruzi) en médio BHI. Se registraron los cambios de dinámica poblacional (organismos por mililitro), la evolución de la estructura de las poblaciones, las variaciones de las concentraciones de colesterol, glucosa y proteínas totales, así como los cambios de pH en el medio de cultivo. El manejo cuantitativo de los conjuntos numéricos generados experimentalmente se abordó con técnicas univariadas (Análisis de la Varianza) y multivariadas (Análisis Discriminante Múltiple). Los resultados demuestran diferencias estadísticas significativas entre las medias de los parámetros considerados y prueban que el comportamiento in vitro investigado en el cultivo mixto L. chagasi T. cruzi difiere taxativamente del estudiado en los cultivos puros de L. chagasi y T. Cruzi
The adaptive mechanisms betweenLeishmania and Trypanosoma facing the competencefor the nutritional resources in shared environmentshave been poorly investigated. Particularly, thestudy of the trophic behavior between Leishmaniachagasi and Trypanosoma cruzi could contribute tothe understanding of relevant medical situations, asmixed human infections. In this work pure axeniccultures of Leishmania chagasi and Trypanosomacruzi, as well as mixed cultures (L. chagasi + T.cruzi) were established in BHI medium. Changes ofpopulation dynamics (organisms/mL), the evolutionof the populations structure, the variations of theconcentration of cholesterol, glucose and total proteins,as well as the changes of the mediums pH wereregistered. The generated numerical sets were tackledwith univariate (Analysis of Variance) and multivariate(Multiple Discriminant Analysis) techniques. Theresults demonstrate significant statistical differencesbetween the media of the considered parameters andprove that the in vitro behavior investigated in theL. chagasi T. cruzi mixed culture precisely differsfrom the L. chagasi and T. cruzi pure cultures
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Parasitic Diseases/microbiology , Leishmania infantum/pathogenicity , Trypanosoma cruzi/pathogenicity , Virus CultivationABSTRACT
Describir y evaluar cinco brotes epidémicos de leishmaniasis tegumentaria americana (LTA) en grupos familiares de los estados Miranda y Aragua y de la República de Colombia. Trece pacientes de grupos familiares diferentes acudieron al Instituto de Medicina Tropical por lesiones ulcerosas en regiones anatómicas expuestas; siete del sexo masculino en edades entre 2 y 66 años. La leishmanina, los anticuerpos fluorescentes anti-leishmania y los frotis por aposición de segmentos de piel de las úlceras revelaron la presencia del parásito leishmania spp. Se efectuaron exámenes bioanalíticos y cardiovasculares recomendados para el tratamiento con antimoniatos pentavalentes. Siete pacietes fueron tratados ambulatoriamente con meglumina intramuscular a la dosis de 3000 mg/día en series terapéuticas de 10 días con una segunda serie luego del reposo de 10 días. Una paciente adulta recibió tres series de AM, la última de ellas de 4500 mg/kg/día 10 días en hospitalización. Cinco niños fueron hospitalizados y recibieron AM a la dosis de 70 mg/día/10 días con reposo intermedio y una segunda serie. Los pacientes respondieron adecuadamente a la terapia empleada con la cicatrización completa de los procesos ulcerosos. La LTA siguen adquiriéndola pobladores y viajeros de las áreas rurales de Venezuela y Colombia y frecuentemente se presenta como brotes epidémicos familiares, lo cual facilita el diagnóstico presuntivo. El caso índice permite el diagnóstico de la enfermedad entre otros familiares. Los casos tratados comprueban una vez más las ventajas terapéuticas de la meglumina en LTA.
Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease acquired with relative frequency in the rural areas of Venezuela and Colombia. When there is the antecedent of another member of the family with a similar symptom "at home there is somebody with a similar ulcer" is a frequent statement that facilitates the diagnosis. To describe and evaluate five epidemic autbreaks of cutaneous leishmaniasis of the New World (CLNW) in family groups of Miranda and Aragua states in Venezuela and North Santander Department in Colombia, including diagnosis and treatment with meglumine. This disease is relatively frequently acquired by inhabitants and travelers to these geographical regions. Thirteen patients of different family groups, attended to the "Instituto de Medicina Tropical" (IMT) and to the "Hospital Universitario de Caracas" (HUC) presenting an ulcerative lesión on an exposed area of skin, compatible with the clínical diagnosis of this parasitic disease. Seven patients were females with age between 2 and 66 years. Laboratory diagnostic exams included the intradermal reaction test "leishmanina" serology tests for determination of antibodies anti-leismania and apposition smear from the ulcers stained by the Giemsa method, resulted positive for the infection produced by parasites of the species Leishmania spp. Six patients adults received treatment as outpatients with two series of the pentavalent antimony meglumine at a dose of 3000 mg/day during 10 days, one patient received the dose of 4500 mg/day as a last series of treatment. Children were given a dose of meglumine of 70 mg/kg/day, in series of treatment with their respective rest period. All patients responded adequately. Once again, we can demonstrate the advantages of the treatment of CLNW with the pentavalent antimony meglumine.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Child , Middle Aged , Parasitic Diseases/microbiology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/diagnosis , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/epidemiology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/therapy , Communicable Diseases/etiology , Infectious Disease Medicine , Rural AreasABSTRACT
Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease and ubiquitous in the world. Infection rate in the tropical and subtropical regions with high humidity is higher than other areas. The rate is lower in dry regions whether hot or cold. More than 200 species of,warm blooded animals are intermediate hosts and cats or members of the carnivore family Felidae have been found to be definitive hosts. In Iran in the northern provinces of Mazandaran and Gilan, infection rate is higher than other provinces [about 70%] while in the southern provinces of Hormozgan, Sistan and Balouchestan, and Khuzestan, this rate is lower [about 12%]. Common routes of transmission of the infection are feeding of uncooked meat or working with contaminated meat. In this study, 387 blood samples of sheep from slaughterhouses in Tehran were evaluated by the direct agglutination method. Prevalance rate was 61.24% and indicated a potential danger for food hygiene. The main aim of this article is to inform health officials as well as workers and housewives about this hazard