Apuntes sobre la vida y obra del Dr. Angel Arturo Aballí Arellano / Notes on the life and work of Ph.D. Angel Arturo Aballí Arellano

Angel Arturo Aballí Arellano es considerado como uno de los pediatras más importante de la historia de la medicina cubana, hasta el punto que resulta prácticamente imposible acometer la historia de esta disciplina en nuestro país, sin el estudio profundo de su vida y obra, toda ella dirigida a la defensa de los intereses de la nueva generación, al estado de salud de la niñez, y a luchar por los recursos requeridos para su atención, bienestar y felicidad. Dedicó estudios a las enfermedades diarreicas, a la desnutrición y a la tuberculosis. Para estos fines inauguró el Dispensario Antituberculoso para Niños ¨Calmette¨; el Preventorio ¨Grancher¨ para Lactantes, una sala destinada para niños tuberculosos en el Hospital La Esperanza, y más tarde el Hospital Infantil Antituberculoso, que ostenta hoy su nombre, convertido al triunfo de la Revolución en Hospital Pediátrico General (AU).

Angel Arturo Aballí Arellano is considered one of the most important pediatricians of the Cuban medicine history, up to the point that it is almost impossible to write the history of this discipline in our country without deeply studying his life and work, all of it devoted to the defense of the new generations interests, the childhood health status, and to struggle for obtaining the resources required for their attention, welfare and happiness. He studied diarrheic diseases, malnutrition and tuberculosis. With this aim he inaugurated the Anti-tuberculosis Dispensary for Children Calmette, the Grancvher Preventer for Nursing Infants, a ward for tuberculous children at the hospital La Esperanza and later the Infantile Antituberculous Hospital that today is named after him and after the triumph of the revolution became a General Pediatric Hospital (AU).

Análise da conduta ética do pediatra frente a crianças vítimas de maus tratos / An analysis Pediatricians´ ethics stand in children victims of abuse and violence

O objetivo do presente trabalho é a avaliação de conhecimento do pediatra acerca das responsabilidades e condutas éticas em relação ao indivíduo infantil vítima de maus tratos e abuso. Foi elaborado um questionário semi-estruturado contendo questões relativas ao tempo de formação profissional, identificação da faculdade, preparo do profissional para atender crianças vítimas de maus tratos, os principais tipos de agressões identificados, conhecimentos das penalidades e das atitudes a serem tomadas após constatação da violência infantil. Foram distribuídos 270 questionários a pediatras que atuam nas cidades de Cuiabá, Rondonópolis e Cáceres, sendo que dos 270 enviados, apenas 96 retornaram devidamente respondidos (35,5%). Dos pediatras consultados, 50 eram do sexo feminino e 46 do masculino, e 63% dos mesmos tinham mais de dez anos de formados. Destes, 55% já tinham atendido crianças com características de maus tratos, tendo descrito os sinais e sintomas mais comuns: hematomas, sangramento vaginal e anal, medo excessivo, fraturas, agressividade, cicatrizes pelo corpo, mau desempenho nas atividades escolares, comprometimento nutricional, gagueira, queimaduras e crise convulsiva. Um percentual significativo dos pediatras entrevistados não apresentou condições de receber, avaliar e encaminhar as vítimas de maus tratos infantis, havendo a necessidade de maior treinamento com educação continuada na área médico-legal.

The aim of this work was to assess the pediatrician’s knowledge regarding their responsibility and ethic stand on children victims of violence and abuse. A semi-structured questionnaire was elaborated containing questions regarding professional experience, university, professional capability on receiving abused children, the main sort of aggressions suffered by children, penalties knowledge, and professional attitudes in cases of children violence or abuse. 270 questionnaires were sent to pediatricians from Cuiabá, Rondonópolis and Cárceres cities. 96 out of 270 questionnaires were given back and correctly answered (35.5%). According to gender, the pediatricians interviewed were 50 female and 46 male, 63% had more than 10 years of professional experience and 55% have already evaluated children victims of violence and abuse, describing as the most common lesions: bruise, vaginal and anal bleeding, excessive fear, fractures, aggressiveness, scars spread out all over the body, low scholarity development, nutritional impairment, stammer, burn and convulsive crises. Many of pediatricians interviewed did not consider themselves ready to receive, diagnose and conduct children victims of abuse and violence, showing the need of continuing medical education in forensic medicine.