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1.
Rev. chil. neuropsicol. (En línea) ; 7(2): 54-59, jul. 2012.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-714167

ABSTRACT

En este trabajo se revisa y discute el síndrome de neglect considerando diferentes modelos teóricos explicativos; de dirección atencional, de asimetrías hemisféricas cerebrales, del sesgo atencional o el modelo de atención selectiva. Se consideran los aspectos cognitivos, emocionales y neuroconductuales. El Síndrome de Neglect generalmente es consecuencia de un accidente cerebrovascular, afecta al hemisferio cerebral derecho y señala directamente al lóbulo parietal. Este es el resultado de una definición anatómica vasta más que una unidad fisiológica o funcional. El síndrome se manifiesta por déficits en la atención perceptiva y en la respuesta a estímulos presentados en el hemicampo contralesional. Es un síndrome heterogéneo. Pese a la preponderancia de las teorías de déficits atencionales, las explicaciones de déficits perceptivos y de representación del espacio están presentes. Son variaciones del síndrome la heminatención, la extinción, la hemicinesia y el neglect hemiespacial. Se resalta la importancia de incluir los aspectos emocionales y neuroconductuales junto con los cognitivos y la rehabilitación motora en el proceso de rehabilitación neuropsicológica del síndrome. Son característicos los síntomas de anosognosia, extinción, desinhibición de conducta, conducta de utilización o la falta de afecto. En cuanto a la recuperación y a cómo ocurre esta, se discuten varias explicaciones alternativas y se apunta el papel de la motivación como factor importante en el éxito de los tratamientos.


This paper reviews the syndrome Neglect considering different theoretical models: attentional direction; of cerebral hemispheric asymmetry, attentional bias, selective attention model. The cognitive, emotional and neurobehavioral characteristics are high lighted. Neglect syndrome usually results from a stroke that affects the right cerebral hemisphere and points directly to the parietal lobe. This is the result of an extensive anatomical definition more than that one functional unit or physiological. The syndrome is manifested by deficits in attention and perceptual responses to stimuli presented in the contralesional hemispace. Neglect is a heterogeneous syndrome. Despite the preponderance of theories of the attentional deficit, explanations of perceptual deficits and representation of space are present. The syndrome manifestations are the heminatención, the extinction, the hemispatial hemicinesia and the neglect. They are very important the emotional aspects as the cognitive, neurobehavioral and motor rehabilitation, in the neuropsychological rehabilitation process of syndrome. Symptoms of anosognosia, extinction, behavioral disinhibition, and the utilization behavior or lack of affection are the most prominent in the syndrome. In terms of recovery, how to happen this? We discuss several alternative explanations and the role of motivation as an important factor in the success of treatments.


Subject(s)
Humans , Stroke/complications , Models, Neurological , Perceptual Disorders/pathology , Perceptual Disorders/rehabilitation , Affective Symptoms , Agnosia , Models, Theoretical , Neuropsychological Tests , Syndrome , Perceptual Disorders/etiology , Perceptual Disorders/physiopathology
2.
Fisioter. pesqui ; 18(4): 323-328, out.-dez. 2011. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-623225

ABSTRACT

A Síndrome de Pusher (SP) é uma alteração perceptual presente em 10% dos casos de hemiparesia causada por Acidente Vascular Encefálico (AVE). Caracteriza-se por queda para o lado parético, comportamento de empurrar-se para o lado acometido com o hemicorpo não parético e resistência à correção externa. Este estudo visou descrever a avaliação, o tratamento e a evolução de uma paciente com hemiparesia à esquerda e SP, devido a um AVE no hemisfério cerebral direito. Seis meses após a lesão, a paciente realizou testes perceptuais (do desenho da figura humana, comportamental de inatenção, escala de avaliação do sintoma de empurrar, miniexame do estado mental) e de desempenho funcional (escala de avaliação postural para pacientes com AVE, teste de função manual de Jebsen-Taylor, medida de independência funcional e índice de Barthel) e iniciou fisioterapia duas vezes por semana. Cada sessão teve 3 partes de 20 minutos: estimulação sensorial, treino motor e integração sensório-motora. Após o tratamento a paciente foi reavaliada e apresentou melhora em todas as escalas. A de avaliação do sintoma de empurrar e o teste de função manual de Jebsen-Taylor foram os que registraram maiores percentuais de melhora, 79% e 46%, respectivamente. O protocolo utilizado, mesmo tendo sido iniciado seis meses após a lesão, proporcionou melhora perceptual e funcional, o que sugere a importância da fisioterapia na recuperação da SP.


The Pusher´s Syndrome (PS) is a perceptual disorder that occurs in 10% of the cases of hemiparesis caused by stroke. It is characterized by falling to the paretic side, pushing to the paretic side with the non-paretic side and resisting to external correction. The present study aimed to describe the assessment, treatment and clinical evolution of a patient with left paresis and PS, caused by a stroke on the right hemisphere. Six months after the lesion, the patient was submitted to perceptual (human figure drawing test, behavioral inattention test, scale for contraversive pushing, minimental state examination) and functional performance tests (postural assessment stroke scale, Jebsen-Taylor hand function test, functional independence measure and Barthel index) and started physical therapy twice a week. Each session consisted of 3 parts of 20 minutes: sensory stimulation, motor training and sensory-motor integration. After six months, the patient showed improvement in all scales. The scale for contraversive pushing and the Jebsen-Taylor hand function test showed the highest percentages of improvement, 79% and 46%, respectively. Besides having been started six months after the lesion, the protocol of the present study contributed to the improvement of perception and functional performance. These findings suggest the importance of the physical therapy treatment in the recovery of individuals with PS.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Manipulation, Chiropractic , Physical Therapy Modalities , Postural Balance , Perceptual Disorders/rehabilitation
4.
Mundo saúde (Impr.) ; 32(2): 215-220, abr.-jun. 2008. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-498654

ABSTRACT

Síndrome de Pusher (SP) é uma alteração do controle postural caracterizada por um distúrbio da percepção corporal vertical em relação à gravidade, na qual os pacientes empurram o corpo lateralmente utilizando o hemicorpo não parético. Ela tem sido pouco estudada e ainda há controvérsias na literatura quanto aos seus aspectos terapêuticos e prognósticos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar esses fatores terapêuticos e prognósticos. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão da literatura por meio de pesquisas simples nas bases de dados: Medline, Embase, Pubmed, Lilacs, EBM, Cochrane, PEDro, Scielo, Portal da Pesquisa e Informa World, com os descritores pusher syndrome, contraversive pushing e pusher behavior. Foram incluídos ensaios clínicos com enfoque terapêutico e/ou prognóstico, em todos os idiomas. Foram excluídos ensaios clínicos com enfoque etiológico, fisiopatológico e diagnóstico. Ao todo, 341 referências foram encontradas e 8 ensaios clínicos responderam aos critérios de inclusão. Apenas 2 estudos descreveram a metodologia terapêutica utilizada, que consistiu em feedback visual sobre a postura vertical correta, já que a percepção visual vertical parece estar íntegra mas a transferência de peso e o treino de marcha são habilidades ausentes nesses pacientes, que impelem o corpo lateralmente. Ao que parece, a síndrome tem um bom prognóstico, com sintomas reduzidos ou ausentes entre 2 e 6 meses após o início da reabilitação. A presença associada de heminegligência e a etiologia da lesão parecem prejudicar o prognóstico. Essa estratégia terapêutica demonstrou resultados satisfatórios, mas ainda é necessária a realização de mais estudos randomizados para comprovar sua eficácia e seu impacto sobre o prognóstico da síndrome de Pusher.


Pusher Syndrome (PS) is an alteration of postural control characterized by a disorder of vertical body perception relative to gravity, in which patients push the body laterally using the non-paretic hemibody. It has not been much studied and there are still controversies in the literature regarding therapeutic and prognostic aspects. The aim of this work was checking these therapeutic and prognostic factors. For doing that, a literature survey was done by means of simple inquiries in the bases Medline, Embase, Pubmed, Lilacs, EBM, Cochrane, Peter, Scielo, Portal da Pesquisa and Informa World, with the keywords pusher syndrome, contraversive pushing and pusher behavior. Clinical papers were included with therapeutic and / or prognostic approach in all languages. Clinical papers were excluded with etiologic, physiopathologic and diagnostic approaches. Altogether, 341 references were found and 8 clinical papers were found that filled the inclusion criteria. Only 2 studies described the used therapeutic methodology, which consisted in visual feedback on the correct vertical posture, since vertical visual perception seems to persist but transfer of weight and march training were skills absent in these patients, who move the body laterally. Apparently, the syndrome has a good prognostic, with reduced or absent symptoms from 2 to 6 months after the beginning of rehabilitation. The associated presence of heminegligence and the etiology of injury seem to compromise prognostic. This therapeutic strategy had satisfactory results, but more randomized studies are necessary to prove its efficiency and impact on Pusher Syndrome prognostic.


La Síndrome de Pusher (SP) es una modificación del control postural caracterizado por un desorden de la percepción vertical del cuerpo con relación a la gravitad en la cual los pacientes empujan el cuerpo lateralmente usando el hemicuerpo non-paretico. No ha sido muy estudiada y todavía hay controversias en la literatura en cuanto a aspectos terapéuticos y pronósticos. La meta de este trabajo fue comprobar estos factores terapéuticos y pronósticos. Para hacerlo, se procedió a una revisión de literatura de promedio buscas simples en las bases de datos Medline, Embase, Pubmed, Lilas, EBM, Cochrane, Peter, Scielo, Portal da Pesquisa y Informa World, con las palabras clave pusher syndrome, contraversive pushing y pusher behavior. Se han incluido artículos clínicos con acercamiento terapéutico y / o pronóstico en todas las lenguas. Se han excluido artículos clínicos con acercamiento etiológico, fisiopatológico y diagnóstico. Se encontraran 341 referencias y 8 artículos clínicos fueron encontrados que llenaban los criterios de inclusión. Sólo 2 estudios describieron la metodología terapéutica usada, que consistió en feedback visual acerca de la postura vertical correcta, ya que parece que la percepción visual vertical persiste, pero el traslado del peso y el entrenamiento de marcha son habilidades ausentes en estos pacientes, que mueven el cuerpo lateralmente. Por lo visto, el síndrome tiene un pronóstico bueno, con síntomas reducidos o ausentes a partir de 2 a 6 meses después del principio de la rehabilitación. Parece que la presencia asociada de heminegligencia y la etiología de lesión comprometen el pronóstico. Esa estrategia terapéutica tubo resultados satisfactorios, pero más estudios aleatorios son necesarios para demostrar su eficacia e impacto en cuanto al pronóstico de la Síndrome de Pusher.


Subject(s)
Perceptual Disorders/therapy , Physical Therapy Modalities , Perceptual Disorders/rehabilitation
5.
Saudi Journal of Disability and Rehabilitation. 2004; 10 (2): 162-165
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-68352

ABSTRACT

Perceptual-cognitive impairments that occur following right hemisphere brain damage and its circuits are common and interfere with recovery. The therapeutic intervention incorporates principles of neuropsychology and guiding techniques for restoration of function and maximal independence within the scope of patient's challenges. Identification of impairments, which are not physically seen in the patient like his hemiplegia are observed by the therapist as he performs various functional activities. These observations assist the therapist to draw her own inferences, to plan appropriate therapeutic strategies and to set short and long term goals. Comprehensive and holistic treatment approach is essential to improve the functional activities and spatial awareness, Patient's active participation, family and social support enhances the rehabilitation programme


Subject(s)
Humans , Perceptual Disorders/rehabilitation , Perception , Cognition Disorders/rehabilitation , Cognition , Rehabilitation
6.
Rev. fisioter. Univ. Säo Paulo ; 7(1/2): 16-24, jan.-dez. 2000. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-282767

ABSTRACT

A negligencia unilateral e frequentemente observada em lesoes do hemisferio cerebral nao dominante, e a lesao afeta a area espacial e de esquema corporal, causando prejuizos na percepcao...


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Brain Injuries/rehabilitation , Physical Therapy Specialty , Perceptual Disorders/rehabilitation , Paraparesis, Spastic/rehabilitation , Stroke/radiotherapy , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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