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1.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 12(1): 22-26, Jan-Mar/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-705789

ABSTRACT

Objective : To determine how parturient women tolerate the use of a perineal distensibility assessment technique using the EPI-NO device. Methods : An observational study with a total of 227 full-term parturient women was performed. During the evaluation with EPI-NO, parturient patients were asked about their sensation of discomfort. The degree of discomfort was measured using the Visual Analogue Scale, with a score from zero to 10. The Mann-Whitney test was applied to assess perineal distensibility measured by EPI-NO and the degree of discomfort caused by the test according to parity. The relation between perineal distensibility and discomfort was analyzed by using the Spearman correlation test (r). Results : The test with EPI-NO caused only slight discomfort (mean Visual Analogue Scale of 3.8), and primiparous women reported significantly greater discomfort (mean Visual Analogue Scale of 4.5) than did multiparous (mean Visual Analogue Scale=3.1), with p<0.001 women. A negative correlation was observed, in other words, the greater the perineal distensibility on the EPI-NO, the lower the pain reported by the patients (r=-0.424; p<0.001). Conclusion : The assessment of perineal distensibility with EPI-NO was well tolerated by the parturient women. .


Objetivo : Determinar como a mulher parturiente tolera o uso de uma nova técnica de extensibilidade perineal, por meio do aparelho EPI-NO. Métodos : Estudo observacional com um total de 227 gestantes a termo. Durante a avaliação pelo EPI-NO, as parturientes foram perguntadas sobre a sensação de desconforto. O grau de desconforto foi medido usando a Escala Visual Analógica, com escore entre zero a 10. O teste de Mann-Whitney foi usado para avaliar a extensibilidade perineal avaliada pelo EPI-NO e o grau de desconforto causado pelo teste de acordo com a paridade. A relação entre extensibilidade perineal e desconforto foi avaliada pelo teste de correlação de Spearman (r). Resultados : O teste com EPI-NO causou apenas leve desconforto (média da Escala Visual Analógica de 3,8), sendo que as primíparas reportaram mais desconforto de modo significativo (média da Escala Visual Analógica de 4,5) que as multíparas (média da Escala Visual Analógica de 3,1), com p<0,001. Observou-se correlação negativa, ou seja, a maior extensibilidade no EPI-NO foi acompanhada de menor dor referida pelas pacientes (r=-0,424; p<0,001). Conclusão : A avaliação da extensibilidade perineal com EPI-NO foi bem tolerada pelas parturientes. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Obstetric Labor Complications/prevention & control , Pelvic Floor/physiology , Perineum/physiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Episiotomy/methods , Lacerations/prevention & control , Muscle Contraction/physiology , Pain Measurement , Parity/physiology , Pelvic Pain/prevention & control , Perineum/injuries , Reference Values , Reproducibility of Results , Statistics, Nonparametric
2.
Bulletin of High Institute of Public Health. 2011; 41 (3): 351-358
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-170604

ABSTRACT

Perineal length is thought to affect the risk of perineal lacerations in vaginally delivered women. To investigate the possible role of perineal length as a risk factor for development of perineal lacerations during vaginal delivery. Correlation descriptive. The study was conducted at El Hlal Elahmar hospitals in Alexandria. A convenience sample of Eighty women with singleton pregnancies who went into spontaneous labor at term during the study period were included in the study. All participants were subjected to general examination, abdominal palpation and vaginal examination was performed to assess cervical effacement/length, dilatation, cervical position, consistency, membranes, liquor, presentation, position, caput, moulding and station. Perineal measurements [to the nearest 0.5 cm] were taken at the beginning of the active phase of labor [effacement of 80-100% and 3-4cm dilatation]. The length of the perineum was determined as the distance between the fourchette and center of the anal orifice. Comparison between women with perineal length 3.5 cm [group II] revealed that women in GI had significantly longer 2[nd] stage of labor and significantly higher frequency of perineal lacerations. Comparison between those with perineal lacerations [PL] and women without in those who didn't have episiotomy has shown that women with perineal lacerations had significantly longer 2[nd] stage of labor and larger head circumferences of the newborn baby. Women with short perineal length are at increased risk of perineal lacerations during vaginal delivery. Other factors associated with increased prevalence of perineal lacerations are prolonged 2[nd] stage of labor and increased neonatal head circumference


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Perineum/physiology , Lacerations , Perineum/injuries
3.
Rev. latinoam. enferm ; 18(6): 1138-1144, Nov.-Dec. 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-574918

ABSTRACT

Digital vaginal palpation performed during clinical practice can help diagnose urinary, intestinal and sexual disorders, while perineometry is more useful for performing perineal exercises with biofeedback. This study verifies whether there is a correlation between values of Pelvic Floor Muscle Strength (PFMS) obtained through perineometry performed with an electronic perineometer and through digital vaginal palpation using the Oxford scale. This is a prospective cohort study with 330 measurements carried out in 110 women. Data were collected from 2007 to 2008 in the health service system in Itapecerica da Serra, São Paulo, Brazil. Evaluations were carried out at three points in time: up to 12 weeks of pregnancy; between 36-40 weeks; and between 42-60 days postpartum. The Spearman coefficient indicated a strong positive correlation between the two evaluation methods for the three evaluations (p<0.0001). The conclusion is that both methods are valid for measuring PFMS during pregnancy and after delivery.


Na prática clínica, a palpação vaginal digital auxilia no diagnóstico de disfunções urinárias, intestinais e sexuais, enquanto a perineometria é mais utilizada para realizar exercícios perineais com biofeedback. O objetivo foi verificar se existe correlação entre os valores da força muscular perineal (FMP), avaliada pela perineometria, utilizando o perineômetro eletrônico, e por meio da palpação digital vaginal, utilizando a escala de Oxford. O estudo deriva de coorte prospectiva, com 330 mensurações, em 110 mulheres. A coleta de dados ocorreu em 2007 e 2008, em serviços de saúde de Itapecerica da Serra, São Paulo. A avaliação foi realizada em três momentos: até 12 semanas de gestação, entre 36-40 semanas, entre 42-60 dias pós-parto. O coeficiente de Spearman indicou forte correlação positiva entre os dois métodos de avaliação, nos três momentos (p<0,0001). Conclui-se que ambos os métodos são válidos para mensurar a FMP durante a gravidez e após o parto.


En la práctica clínica, la palpación vaginal digital auxilia en el diagnóstico de disfunciones urinarias, intestinales y sexuales, en cuanto la perineometría es más utilizada para realizar ejercicios perineales con biofeedback. El objetivo fue verificar se existe correlación entre los valores de la Fuerza Muscular Perineal (FMP) evaluada por la perineometría utilizando el perineómetro electrónico, y por medio de la palpación digital vaginal, utilizando la escala de Oxford. El estudio deriva de una cohorte prospectiva, con 330 mensuraciones en 110 mujeres. La recolección de datos ocurrió en 2007 y 2008, en servicios de salud de Itapecerica de la Serra, en Sao Paulo. La evaluación fue realizada en tres momentos: hasta 12 semanas de gestación; entre 36 y 40 semanas; y, entre 42 y 60 días posparto. El coeficiente de Spearman indicó una fuerte correlación positiva entre los dos métodos de evaluación, en los tres momentos (p<0,0001). Se concluye que ambos métodos son válidos para mensurar la FMP durante la gravidez y después del parto.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Young Adult , Muscle Strength , Pelvic Floor/physiology , Postpartum Period/physiology , Pregnancy/physiology , Electromyography , Palpation , Perineum/physiology , Prospective Studies , Vagina , Young Adult
4.
Clinics ; 62(4): 439-446, 2007. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-460027

ABSTRACT

OJETIVE: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of pelvic floor muscle training in 46 nulliparous pregnant women. METHODS: The women were divided into 2 groups: an exercise group and a control group. Functional evaluation of the pelvic floor muscle was performed by digital vaginal palpation using the strength scale described by Ortiz and by a perineometer (with and without biofeedback). RESULTS: The functional evaluation of the pelvic floor muscles showed a significant increase in pelvic floor muscle strength during pregnancy in both groups (P < .001). However, the magnitude of the change was greater in the exercise group than in the control group (47.4 percent vs. 17.3 percent, P < .001). The study also showed a significant positive correlation (Spearman's test, r = 0.643; P < .001) between perineometry and digital assessment in the strength of pelvic floor muscles. CONCLUSIONS: Pelvic floor muscle training resulted in a significant increase in pelvic floor muscle pressure and strength during pregnancy. A significant positive correlation between functional evaluation of the pelvic floor muscle and perineometry was observed during pregnancy.


INTRODUÇÃO: A gravidez traz importantes modificações hormonais e anatômicas que têm efeito sobre a musculatura do assoalho pélvico. A cinesioterapia aplicada à musculatura do assoalho pélvico na gestação pode ser grande aliada no controle das alterações músculo-esqueléticas. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar efeitos da cinesioterapia no assoalho pélvico durante a gravidez, por meio da perineometria com e sem "biofeedback" e da avaliação funcional do assoalho pélvico, e correlacionar os valores da avaliação funcional com as perineometrias. MÉTODOS: Estudamos 46 gestantes nulíparas em seguimento pré-natal no Departamento de Obstetrícia do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade de São Paulo, entre novembro de 2003 e dezembro de 2004, com até 20 semanas de gestação, atendidas no Setor de Baixo-Risco, divididas em dois grupos: Grupo exercício (23 casos): pacientes submetidas à cinesioterapia para a musculatura do assoalho pélvico; e grupo controle (23 casos): sem a prática da cinesioterapia. Por 12 semanas, até a 36ª semana, seguiu-se um protocolo, com treinamento de 60 minutos semanais, executando-se quatro séries de 10 contrações destes músculos com seis segundos de manutenção e 12 segundos de relaxamento, em decúbitos distintos. Realizaram-se 2 avaliações: 1ª (até 20 semanas) e 2ª (36 semanas gestacionais), por meio da avaliação funcional do assoalho pélvico e da perineometria. RESULTADOS: Na avaliação funcional do assoalho pélvico, tanto o grupo exercício como o grupo controle apresentaram aumento significativo da 1ª avaliação para a 2ª avaliação. Para a perineometria sem "biofeedback", na 2ª avaliação, somente o grupo exercício obteve aumento significativo, com p < 0,001. Quanto à perineometria com "biofeedback", tanto o grupo exercício como o controle tiveram aumento significativo nos valores, porém o delta porcentual foi maior no grupo exercício. Houve correlação significativa e positiva entre a avaliação funcional do assoalho pélvico e as perineometrias...


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Exercise Therapy/methods , Muscle Strength/physiology , Pregnancy , Pelvic Floor/physiology , Perineum/physiology , Case-Control Studies
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