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1.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 82(3): 360-365, sept. 2022. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1409947

ABSTRACT

Resumen La mononucleosis infecciosa (MI) es un cuadro clínico generalmente benigno y autolimitado en la infancia y adolescencia debido a la primoinfección del virus de Epstein-Barr caracterizado por la triada de faringitis, fiebre y adenopatías. El riesgo de complicaciones aumenta con la edad y la inmunosupresión, siendo las complicaciones letales más frecuentes las asociadas a rotura esplénica, alteraciones neurológicas y obstrucción de la vía aérea por el aumento del tamaño amigdalar. Los abscesos cervicales asociados a MI son poco frecuentes, siendo mayoritariamente periamigdalinos e intraamigdalares. Presentamos dos casos quirúrgicos de abscesos cervicales profundos de gran tamaño con afectación retrofaríngea y parafaríngea en adolescentes sanos de corta edad (14 y 15 años), sin ningún tipo de inmunosupresión o factores de riesgo, uno de ellos asociado además, a una relevante hemorragia amigdalar espontanea, condición no descrita previamente en la literatura en relación a MI en un paciente tan joven.


Abstract Infectious mononucleosis (MI) is a generally benign and self-limited condition in childhood and adolescence due to the primary EBV infection characterized by the triad of pharyngitis, fever, and lymphadenopathies. The risk of complications increases with age and immunosuppression. The most frequent fatal complications are those associated with splenic rupture, neurological alterations, and airway obstruction due to increased tonsillar size. Cervical abscesses associated with MI are rare, being mostly peritonsillar and intra-tonsil. We present two surgical cases of big deep cervical abscesses with retropharyngeal and parapharyngeal involvement in healthy very young adolescents (14 and 15 years old), without any type of immunosuppression or risk factors, one of them associated with a clinically relevant spontaneous tonsillar bleeding, which had not been described in the literature associated with MI in such young patient.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Peritonsillar Abscess/complications , Peritonsillar Abscess/therapy , Infectious Mononucleosis/complications , Infectious Mononucleosis/therapy , Pharyngitis/etiology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Peritonsillar Abscess/diagnostic imaging , Fever/etiology , Hemorrhage/etiology , Infectious Mononucleosis/diagnostic imaging
2.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 84(5): 532-539, Sept.-Oct. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-974360

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Peritonsillar abscess is the most common deep neck infection. The infectious microorganism may be different according to clinical factors. Objective: To identify the major causative pathogen of peritonsillar abscess and investigate the relationship between the causative pathogen, host clinical factors, and hospitalization duration. Methods: This retrospective study included 415 hospitalized patients diagnosed with peritonsillar abscess who were admitted to a tertiary medical center from June 1990 to June 2013. We collected data by chart review and analyzed variables such as demographic characteristics, underlying systemic disease, smoking, alcoholism, betel nut chewing, bacteriology, and hospitalization duration. Results: A total of 168 patients had positive results for pathogen isolation. Streptococcus viridans (28.57%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (23.21%) were the most common microorganisms identified through pus culturing. The isolation rate of anaerobes increased to 49.35% in the recent 6 years (p = 0.048). Common anaerobes were Prevotella and Fusobacterium spp. The identification of K. pneumoniae increased among elderly patients (age > 65 years) with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.76 (p = 0.03), and decreased in the hot season (mean temperature > 26 °C) (OR = 0.49, p = 0.04). No specific microorganism was associated with prolonged hospital stay. Conclusion: The most common pathogen identified through pus culturing was S. viridans, followed by K. pneumoniae. The identification of anaerobes was shown to increase in recent years. The antibiotics initially selected should be effective against both aerobes and anaerobes. Bacterial identification may be associated with host clinical factors and environmental factors.


Resumo Introdução: O Abscesso Peritonsilar é a infecção cervical profunda mais comum. O microrganismo infeccioso pode ser diferente de acordo com os fatores clínicos. Objetivo: Identificar o principal agente causador do abscesso peritonsilar e investigar a relação entre o patógeno causador, os fatores clínicos do hospedeiro e a duração da hospitalização. Método: Este estudo retrospectivo incluiu 415 pacientes hospitalizados diagnosticados com abscesso peritonsilar que foram internados em um centro médico terciário de junho de 1990 a junho de 2013. Coletamos dados através da análise dos arquivos médicos dos pacientes e analisamos variáveis como características demográficas, doença sistêmica subjacente, tabagismo, alcoolismo, hábito de mascar noz de betel, bacteriologia e duração da hospitalização. Resultados: Um total de 168 pacientes apresentaram resultados positivos para isolamento de patógenos. Streptococcus viridans (28,57%) e Klebsiella pneumoniae (23,21%) foram os microrganismos mais comuns identificados pela cultura da secreção. A taxa de isolamento de anaeróbios aumentou para 49,35% nos últimos 6 anos (p = 0,048). Os anaeróbios comuns foram Prevotella e Fusobacterium spp. A identificação de K. pneumoniae aumentou em pacientes idosos (idade > 65 anos) com razão de chances (Odds Ratio - OR) de 2,76 (p = 0,03) e diminuiu na estação do calor (temperatura média > 26 °C) (OR = 0,49, p = 0,04). Nenhum microrganismo específico foi associado à hospitalização prolongada. Conclusão: O patógeno mais comumente identificado através da cultura de secreção foi S. viridans, seguido por K. pneumoniae. A identificação de anaeróbios mostrou ter aumentado nos últimos anos. Os antibióticos selecionados inicialmente devem ser efetivos contra aeróbios e anaeróbios. A identificação bacteriana pode estar associada a fatores clínicos e fatores ambientais do hospedeiro.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Peritonsillar Abscess/microbiology , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Fusobacterium necrophorum/isolation & purification , Gram-Positive Bacteria/isolation & purification , Klebsiella Infections , Peritonsillar Abscess/diagnosis , Peritonsillar Abscess/therapy , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/therapy , Prevotella , Viridans Streptococci/isolation & purification , Fusobacterium Infections/microbiology , Klebsiella pneumoniae/isolation & purification , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
4.
Benha Medical Journal. 2008; 25 (2): 149-160
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-112120

ABSTRACT

Peritonstilar infection describes a spectrum of diseases that range from peritonsillar cellulitis to peritonsillar abscess. To assess the disease pattern and its management and to examine the role of routine bacterial cultures. We carried out a prospective study with 30 patients diagnosed with peritonsillar infection. Twenty two patients with peritonsillar abscess [PTA] and eight cases with peritonsillar cellulitis [PTC] of these eight cases 4 cases resolved with medicine and the other 4 cases progressed to [PTA] so finally we have 26 cases with [PTA], for these needle aspiration is done from the most prominent point and if pus came we progressed to incision and drainage wider local or general anesthesia according to patients condition. Around 3ml of pus is taken and sent to lab. Immediately and processed for culture for aerobic and anaerobic organisms. Then these 26 cases of PTA divided into 2 groups each one contains 13 cases group I received ampicillin plus metronidazole and group 2 received 3rd generation cephalosporins plus metronidazole. We assessed number of bacteria per aspirate as well as type of bacteria present aerobic or anaerobic. After results of c/s came we assessed the need to change antibiotics. Lastly we assessed length of stay in the hospital for both groups according to antibiotics used. We found 2.1 bacteria per aspirate. Bacteria grown from all aspirates with culture positivness 100%. We found 55 bacteria grown from 26 cases of PTA, with 28 aerobes and 27 anaerobic organisms. There were need to change antibiotics in 3 cases of group I and in 5 cases of group 2 with significant difference. Mean length of stay in group 1 was 4 +/- 3 while in group 2 was 5 +/- 2 with non significant differences between both groups. 1-Culture and sensitivity of pus drained from PTA should be done. 2-We should use drugs for anaerobic organisms on treatment of peritonsillar infections


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Biopsy, Fine-Needle , Culture Techniques , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Peritonsillar Abscess/therapy , Cephalosporins , Metronidazole , Treatment Outcome
6.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 66(3): 185-190, dic. 2006. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-475691

ABSTRACT

El flegmón (celulitis) y el absceso periamigdalino son infecciones difusas o una colección ubicada entre la cápsula fibrosa de la amígdala palatina, las fibras horizontales del músculo constrictor superior de la faringe y las verticales del músculo palatofaríngeo. Constituye la infección de tejidos y espacios profundos del cuello más frecuente. Material y método: Revisión retrospectiva de las fichas de pacientes adultos y niños hospitalizados con diagnóstico de absceso o flegmón periamigdalino en el Servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital San Juan de Dios entre los años 1995 y 2001. Resultados y discusión: Se analizaron 124 pacientes. Se observó un acierto del diagnóstico clínico en 85,5 por ciento de los casos. El 100 por ciento de los pacientes presentó evolución clínica favorable según la modalidad terapéutica indicada. La mayoría de los pacientes con absceso periamigdalino fue tratado con drenaje y antimicrobiano, y los con flegmón periamigdalino con antimicrobiano. El antibiótico utilizado con mayor frecuencia fue penicilina. No existió diferencia significativa al usarlo en esquema asociado. La penicilina sódica sigue siendo un antimicrobiano de primera elección para este cuadro y no requeriría de asociaciones; dosis de 3 millones de Ul cada 6 horas endovenosa pueden ser recomendadas. El tratamiento en el Servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital San Juan de Dios se ciñe a las reglas internacionales.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Peritonsillar Abscess/diagnosis , Peritonsillar Abscess/therapy , Cellulite/diagnosis , Cellulite/therapy , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Drainage , Retrospective Studies , Penicillins/therapeutic use , Recurrence , Length of Stay , Trismus/pathology
7.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 63(3): 192-196, dic. 2003. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-418342

ABSTRACT

El absceso parafaríngeo es la segunda localización más frecuente de los abscesos profundos del cuello. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 37 años a quien se le diagnosticó un absceso parafaríngeo izquierdo, sin puerta aparente de entrada del foco séptico. Se logró el control y la curación del enfermo con tratamiento antibiótico, no requiriendo cirugía. Se revisa el tema en lo referente a la etiología, cuadro clínico, fisiopatología, diagnóstico, tratamiento y complicaciones.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Peritonsillar Abscess/diagnosis , Peritonsillar Abscess/etiology , Peritonsillar Abscess/therapy , Retropharyngeal Abscess/diagnosis , Retropharyngeal Abscess/etiology , Retropharyngeal Abscess/therapy , Neck/microbiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Bacteria/pathogenicity , Diagnosis, Differential , Diagnostic Imaging/trends
8.
Diagnóstico (Perú) ; 24(5/6): 97-8, nov.-dic. 1989. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-83027

ABSTRACT

Se trataron 124 pacientes portadores de patología inflamatoria aguda, incluyendo 31 casos quirúrgicos, con glucametacina 120 mg tres veces al día. Esta atención se realizó en el servicio de Hospitalización (10-A) y consulta externa del Hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins. Los períodos de tratamiento fluctuaron entre 7 y 10 días. Se obtuvo remisión en un 100% de los casos, evidenciándose una excelente tolerancia gástrica


Subject(s)
Humans , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases/therapy , Otitis Externa/therapy , Otitis Media/therapy , Sinusitis/therapy , Pharyngitis/therapy , Tonsillitis/therapy , Peritonsillar Abscess/therapy , Rhinitis/therapy , Laryngitis/therapy , Hospitals, State
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