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1.
Indian J Pediatr ; 2000 Nov; 67(11): 837-41
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-81210

ABSTRACT

Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS) is a leading cause of respiratory distress in the newborn. Antenatal diagnosis of meconium stained amniotic fluid and fetal distress is important to reduce morbidity and mortality in the neonates. Amnioinfusion of saline and tracheal suctioning of meconium are preventive interventions. Babies with MAS who continue to have respiratory distress need to be put on conventional ventilators. Increasing hypoxia, hypercarbia and barotrauma warrants changing to high frequency oscillatory ventilation. Pulmonary hypertension is an important complication which should be promptly recognized. Nitric oxide therapy used with high frequency ventilation has improved the outcome of babies with severe MAS and pulmonary hypertension. Some of these babies who continue to worsen clinically need to be put on ECMO circuit. Surfactant infusion in babies with MAS has been shown to improve gas exchange, resolve pulmonary hypertension and decrease oxygenation index. Total and partial liquid ventilation with perflurocarbon improves oxygenation, increases lung expansion and increases pulmonary blood flow in model studies of animals with MAS. Surfactant infusion and liquid ventilation are newer promising modes of therapeutic interventions in babies with severe MAS.


Subject(s)
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Meconium Aspiration Syndrome/complications , Nitric Oxide/therapeutic use , Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome/etiology , Pulmonary Surfactants/therapeutic use , Respiration , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Respiratory Insufficiency/etiology , Severity of Illness Index
2.
Bol. Asoc. Méd. P. R ; 79(4): 142-7, abr. 1987. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-76662

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de hipertensión pulmonar persistente del recien nacido (PPHN) es el resultado de la falta de transición normal de la circulación fetal a la extrauterina. El manejo de infantes con hipertensión pulmonar del recien nacido debe llevarse acabo en una unidad de cuidado intensivo neonatal. El objetivo del tratamiento de infantes von PPHN es el de disminuir los cortocircuitos de sangre de derecha a izquierda. El tratamiento cae en tres categorías; a saber, la ventilación mecánica, los agentes farmacológicos, y la terapia de sostén. El manejo de cada infante es individual y depende de la etioloía y la severidad de la enfermedad. A pesar del uso de nuevas modalidades terapéuticas en el manejo de infantes con PPHN, la mortalidad es de 40-60% en los casos más severos. Los infantes que sobreviven tienen un buen pronóstico en cuanto a crecimiento, desarrollo neurológico y cognoscitivo


Subject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Humans , Hypertension, Pulmonary/complications , Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome/etiology , Follow-Up Studies , Hypertension, Pulmonary/therapy , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal , Prognosis , Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome/therapy
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