Función tiroidea postratamiento de cáncer escamoso de orofaringe, hipofaringe y laringe / Thyroid function after oropharyngeal, hypophariyngeal and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma treatment

Introducción: El hipotiroidismo es una de las complicaciones del tratamiento del cáncer de cabeza y cuello, con incidencias que varían desde 7 por ciento a 57 por ciento. Objetivo: Estimar frecuencia de hipotiroidismo en pacientes con cáncer faringo laríngeo y determinar factores de riesgo. Material y método: Se realizó un estudio transversal, midiendo la función tiroidea de todos los pacientes diagnosticados y tratados por carcinoma escamoso de orofaringe, hipofaringe y laringe en el Servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital San Juan de Dios entre enero de 2006 y diciembre de 2007. Resultados: El 55,5 por ciento presentó una función tiroidea alterada en la evaluación posterior al tratamiento. La modalidad de tratamiento es crucial, variando de 35 por ciento de alteración en el grupo tratado con radioterapia v/s 83 por ciento de afección cuando ésta se asoció a cirugía. La quimioterapia no mostró efectos. Conclusiones: El hipotiroidismo es una complicación frecuente, pero poco reconocida, que ocurre en más del 50 por ciento de los pacientes tratados por cáncer de orofaringe, hipofaringe y laringe.

Introduction: Hypothyroidism is a complication of head and neck cancer treatment, it incidence goes from 7 percent to 57 percent. Aim: To estímate frequency of hipothyroidism in patients with cáncer ofpharynxand larynx and to dertermine factor of risk. Material and method: Transversal study Thyroid function measurement in patients diagnosed and treated for oropharyngeal, hypophariyngeal and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma at San Juan de Dios's Hospital since January 2006 to December 2007. Results: 55,5 percent presented an altered thyroid function after treatment. The treatment modality is crucial, on it's frequency, changing from 35 percent with radiotherapy, v/s 83 percent when this one was associated with surgery. The chemotherapy did not show effects. Conclusions: The hypothyroidism is a frequent, but slightly recognized complication, which happens in more than 50 percent of patients treated for for oropharyngeal, hypophariyngeal and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Glossopharyngeal neuralgia with syncope as a sign of neck cancer recurrence

Glossopharyngeal neuralgia with syncope as a sign of neck cancer is a very rare condition. A review of the literature revealed only 29 cases formerly reported. We present the first Brazilian case of such association. A 68-year-old man presented with paroxysmal excruciating pain over the right side of the neck, sometimes followed by syncope. Given the suspicion of recurrent tumor from a previously treated neck malignancy, a computed tomography scan was performed and a right parapharyngeal tumor was shown. Pain and syncope were successfully controlled with carbamazepine and the patient underwent palliative radiotherapy.

Neuralgia glossofaríngea com síncope como um sinal de câncer do pescoço é uma condição muito rara. Uma revisão da literatura revelou apenas 29 casos relatados anteriormente. Apresentamos o primeiro caso brasileiro de tal associação. Um homem de 68 anos se apresentou com dores paroxísticas insuportáveis no lado direito do pescoço, algumas vezes seguidas de síncope. Dada a suspeita de recidiva tumoral derivada de uma malignidade cervical tratada previamente, realizou-se um exame de tomografia computadorizada que evidenciou um tumor parafaríngeo direito. As dores e as síncopes foram controladas satisfatoriamente com carbamazepina e o paciente foi submetido à radioterapia paliativa.

Carcinoma de células escamosas da hipofaringe em mulher jovem com anemia de Fanconi / Squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx in a young woman with Fanconi's anemia

A anemia de Fanconi é um raro distúrbio autossômico recessivo caracterizado por malformações congênitas, aplasia da medula óssea e instabilidade genômica, com predisposição ao desenvolvimento de neoplasias malignas, em especial as leucemias e os tumores do trato aerodigestivo alto. Em razão de características inerentes à síndrome em questão, o tratamento de tais neoplasias é particularmente difícil. Relata-se o caso de anemia de Fanconi uma jovem de 24 anos, que desenvolveu carcinoma de células escamosas da hipofaringe, na ausência de fatores de risco como o tabagismo e o alcoolismo, e faz-se uma revisão sumária da literatura a respeito do tema.

Fanconi's anemia is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital malformation, bone marrow failure and genomic instability, with a predisposition to develop malignancies, especially the leukemias and upper aerodigestive tract tumors. Due to inherent characteristics to this syndrome, the treatment of such neoplasms is particularly difficult. In this paper we report the case of a 24-year-old woman with FanconiÆs anemia who developed a squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx; she had none of the traditional risk factors, such as smoking and alcohol abuse. We also briefly review the literature about this topic

Management of parapharyngeal space tumours

To determine the role of clinical features, fine needle aspiration cytology [FNAC] and computed tomography [CT] scan in diagnosing parapharyngeal space [PPS] tumors and treatment options. A descriptive study. From July 2000 to July 2002 at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad. Patients diagnosed as having PPS tumors were studied. The medical record of patients was reviewed for their age, gender, clinical features, investigations [FNAC and CT scan] and treatment. The mean age, percentage of different clinical features and the sensitivity and specificity of FNAC was determined. The mean age of patients presenting with PPS tumours was 33.6 years. The most common clinical features were neck mass [93%] and bulge in lateral pharyngeal wall [80%]. The CT scan showed exact location and extent of tumour in 11 out of 15 cases. The sensitivity and specificity of FNAC was 70% and 85% respectively. The most common tumours were neurogenic tumours [6] and salivary gland tumours [4]. Surgery was performed in all except 2 patients with lymphoma in whom radiation and chemotherapy was recommended. This study indicates that PPS tumours are usually benign neurogenous and salivary gland tumours presenting with neck mass and bulge in oropharynx. FNAC and CT scan are important in diagnostic work up and treatment planning. Surgery has the best results in most cases

Clinicopathology study of oral and oropharyngeal carcinoma in Seychelles

Oral and oropharyngeal carcinoma happens to be one of the commonest cancerous lesions in Seychelles. According to cancer registry statistics; of 621 cases of cancer from 1983 to 1991; oral and oropharyngeal carcinoma account for 9.98 per cent of all cases. An attempt has been made to analyse the age and sex of patients; the location and morphology of the carcinomas; and the prognosis; so as to present the clinicopathological features of oral and oropharyngeal carcinoma in Seychelles; with possible etiological factors