ABSTRACT
The organophosphorus insecticides phosphamidon and malathion were found to inhibit the activity of human acetylcholinesterase in vitro, in the human erythrocyte membrane. Lineweaver-Burk analysis indicated that the insecticide induced inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity was uncompetitive in nature. The total lipid, cholesterol and phospholipid contents of erythrocyte membranes were reduced following phosphamidon and technical malathion treatment, while the level of lipid peroxidation was raised following malathion treatment.
Subject(s)
Acetylcholinesterase/blood , Adult , Erythrocyte Membrane/metabolism , Humans , Lipids/blood , Malathion/pharmacology , Male , Phosphamidon/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Effect of organophosphorus insecticide, phosphomidon (250 and 500 ppm) on human erythrocyte and plasma were studied in vitro to get insight into the cellular antioxidant defence mechanism and malondialdehyde formation. The antioxidant defence system of erythrocyte was altered as evident by depression of glutathione reductase, glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase, whereas the level of reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, superoxidedismutase and catalase were stimulated. In the case of plasma fraction, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-s-transferase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase and levels of reduced glutathione were significantly depressed and the malondialdehyde formation and catalase activity were elevated indicating the less adaptive response of plasma to protect it from oxidative damage.
Subject(s)
Adult , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Erythrocytes/drug effects , Humans , Insecticides/pharmacology , Male , Malondialdehyde/metabolism , Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects , Phosphamidon/pharmacology , Plasma/drug effectsABSTRACT
Monoamine levels, MAO activity and neurobehavioral perturbations were studied in albino rats intoxicated with Dimecron i.e., phosphamidon (2.0 mg/kg b wt, ip x 7 days). Open field behaviour (OFB) of the rats was examined thrice a day for seven days. Significant depletion in DA, NE and 5-HT, and enhancement of MAO were found in various regions of the central nervous system (CNS) on the 7th day. Daily decrease was observed in ambulation, rearing and preening responses, with maximum decrement on the seventh day of Dimecron intoxication.