Optimization of exopolysaccharides production from a novel strain of Ganoderma lucidum CAU5501 in submerged culture

This study aimed at optimizing the medium of a new Ganoderma lucidum strain CAU5501 to enhance the yield of exopolysaccharides (EPS) and mycelial growth. Firstly, the suitable level of glucose, magnesium, phosphate and C/N ratio was determined by single factor experiment. Subsequently, the optimum concentrations of these medium components were investigated using the orthogonal matrix method. The results indicated that the higher levels of EPS were correlated with the level of cell growth when glucose concentration was studied (data no show). The optimum medium for EPS yield was found to be 70 g/l glucose, 5 C/N ratio, 2.5 g/l KH2PO4, 0.75 g/l MgSO4·7H2O, and for mycelial growth was 50 g/l glucose, 5 C/N ratio, 1.5 g/l KH2PO4, 0.5 g/l MgSO4·7H2O. When cultivated in the obtained optimal media in 3 L shake flask, compared to the basal medium, the EPS yield increased markedly from 1.003 to 1.723 g/l, and the mycelium formation was also markedly improved from 2.028 to 7.235 g/l. Results obtained in this study are beneficial to further study for enhancing the production of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides in large scale commercialized production.

[Performance of simple nano zeolite Y and modified nano zeolite Y in phosphor removal from aqueous solutions]

Phosphate discharges from domestic and industrial waste water to water bodies. High concentrations of phosphate in water stimulate the eutrophication phenomenon that causes taste and odor in water, losing dissolved oxygen and aquatic life in rivers or surface waters. Aim of this study is survey of phosphate adsorption on simple nano zeolite Y and nano zeolite Y that was modified with a cationic surfactant [HDTMA-Br]. In This study we used simple nano zeolite Y and nano zeolite Y in form of Surfactant Modified Zeolites [SMZs] using batch tests to adsorption of Phosphate from Aqueous Solutions. The adsorbants were contacted with different initial phosphor concentrations [5, 10 and 15 mg/l], pH [4, 7, 12], contact time [30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes] and weight of adsorbant [0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1g]. the extracted solution was determined for Phosphate concentration by the ammonium molybdate and tin chloride method with spectrophotometric detection at 680 nm. Results of this study show that, with increase in contact time, decrease in pH, increase in zeolites concentration and decrease in initial phosphate concentration, the removal efficiency increased. And the Both isotherm of Langmuir and Freundlich models [r[2]>0.997 and r[2]>0.996 respectively] were agreement with adsorption equilibrium of phosphate. Reduced Chi-Sqr For Langmuir and Freundlich models were [0.00079] and [0.0011] respectively. Pseudo first-order kinetic models fits well with experimental data [r[2]>0.963]. From this survey, it is concluded that performance of modified nano zeolite Y for adsorption of phosphate in same conditions is better than non-modified zeolite Y. In general the modified nano zeolite Y presented a good profile for removal of phosphate. Therefore SMZs is a suitable candidate for removal of Phosphate molecules from contaminated solutions in contaminated waters

Optimisation of different physical parameters for bioleaching of phosphate by Aspergillus niger from Indian rock phosphate.

A mutant strain of Aspergillus niger AB100 was incubated with samples of rock phosphate. Mutation resulted in a greater amount of solubilisation (30 to 35%) as against the parent strain (10 to 15%). The influence of leaching parameters such as ore concentration (pulp density), particle size, initial pH of the medium, temperature, volume of the medium in 250 ml flasks, inoculum concentration and age of inoculum was studied. When low quantity of rock phosphate is applied (0.1%) the solubilisation of phosphorus was optimal (40.5%). Optimum particle size was--200 to 240 mesh, initial pH of the medium 4.0, optimum volume of the fermentation medium 160 ml, time period of incubation was 8 days, inoculum volume was 7.5 ml, and age of inoculum 7 days. The maximum leaching of phosphorus by using these optimum physical parameters is 45 to 50%.

Characterization of an aggregated polymer from Penicillium sp. (PB-73 strain)

1. We describe a polymeric of magnesium ammonium phosphate associated with linoleic acid and a basic protein produced by Penicillium sp (strain PB-73). 2. Chemical and physical data suggest a structure characterized as an aggregated polymeric form of protein magnesium ammonium phospholinoleate anhydride. 3. The aggregated polymer has an approximate molecular weight of 316 kDa and a phosphate/magnesium ratio of 2.34