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1.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 31(3): e007522, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1394891

ABSTRACT

Abstract Birds of prey harbor a wide spectrum of various parasites, mostly with a heteroxenous life cycle. However, most reports on their parasites come from Europe. Although the Harris's hawk (Parabuteo unicinctus) is a widespread species in America, parasitological surveys on this hawk are mostly focused on coprological findings and ectoparasites, with poor attention paid to helminths. The aim of this study was to gather new and additional data on host-parasite associations for the Harris's hawk. Twenty-nine birds from central and southern Chile were necropsied. Further, nine birds from a rehabilitation center and 22 museum specimens were inspected for ectoparasites. Sixty-eight percent of birds hosted at least one parasite species. Four lice species, one mite species and eight helminth species (five nematodes, two platyhelminthes and one acanthocephalan) were recorded. Parasitic lice Colpocephalum nanum and Nosopon chanabense, and a nematode Cyathostoma (Hovorkonema) americana were recorded for the first time in raptors from the Neotropics. A feather mite, Pseudalloptinus sp., nematodes, Physaloptera alata and Microtetrameres sp., and a trematode Neodiplostomim travassosi, were recorded for the first time in Chile. The presence of diverse heteroxenous helminths reported here in the Harris's hawk could be explained by the generalist diet of this raptor.


Resumo As aves de rapina representam uma fonte importante de parasitas heteroxenos. Porém, a maioria dos relatos são da Europa. O gavião-asa-de-telha (Parabuteo unicinctus) é uma espécie amplamente distribuída no continente Americano, porém estudos parasitológicos nessas aves têm documentado achados coprológicos e ectoparasitas, com poucos relatos sobre endoparasitas como helmintos. Por essa razão, o objetivo deste estudo foi descrever novas associações parasita-hospedeiro para o gavião-asa-de-telha e rapinantes neotropicais. Vinte nove aves provenientes do centro e sul do Chile foram submetidas à necropsia. Por outro lado, nove aves de um centro de reabilitação e 22 espécimes de museu foram inspecionados em busca de ectoparasitas. Do total de aves, 68,3% foram identificadas como portadoras de pelo menos uma espécie de parasita. Quatro espécies de piolhos, um ácaro e oito helmintos (cinco nematoides, dois platelmintos e um acantocéfalo) foram registrados. Os piolhos Colpocephalum nanum, Nosopon chanabense e o nematóide Cyathostoma (Hovorkonema) americana são reportados pela primeira vez em rapinantes neotropicais. Colpocephalum nanum, N. chanabense, Pseudalloptinus sp., Physaloptera alata, Microtetrameres sp., C. (H.) americana e Neodiplostomim travassosi, são reportados pela primeira vez no Chile. A diversidade de helmintos heteróxenos, identificados neste trabalho, poderia ser explicada devido à dieta geralista do gavião-asa-de-telha.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Hawks/parasitology , Helminths/physiology , Host-Parasite Interactions/physiology , Phthiraptera/physiology , Mites/physiology , Platyhelminths/isolation & purification , Autopsy/veterinary , Tropical Climate , Beak/parasitology , Bird Diseases/epidemiology , Chile/epidemiology , Prevalence , Ectoparasitic Infestations/veterinary , Ectoparasitic Infestations/epidemiology , Age and Sex Distribution , Acanthocephala/isolation & purification , Feathers/parasitology , Helminthiasis, Animal/epidemiology , Nematoda/isolation & purification
2.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 23(2): 260-263, 06/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-714782

ABSTRACT

Chewing lice were collected from small shorebirds (Charadriformes: Scolopacidae) overwintering in foraging grounds of coastal Ecuador. On 27 occasions at least one louse (3.7%) was collected from six host species. Based on external morphological characters, at least two species of chewing lice could be preliminary identified (family: Menoponidae), including Actornithophilus umbrinus (Burmeister, 1842) and Austromenopon sp. A. umbrinus was found in the Western Sandpiper (Calidris mauri), Least Sandpiper (C. minutilla), Stilt Sandpiper (C. himantopus), Semipalmated Plover (Charadrius semipalmatus) and Wilson's phalarope (Phalaropus tricolor), while Austromenopon sp. is presumably the first record collected from the Surfbird (Aphriza virgata). These findings indicate that the distribution of these chewing lice species covers at least the regions around the equator (latitude 0°) until the Arctic in the north, but probably also includes the entire winter distribution area of the host species. This is the first study of chewing lice from Ecuador's mainland coast and more research is required to understand the host-parasite ecology and ectoparasitic infection in shorebirds stopping over the region.


Piolhos mastigadores foram coletados em pequenas aves marinhas (Charadriformes: Scolopacidae) que invernavam na zona de forrageamento na costa do Equador. Em 27 ocasiões, pelo menos um piolho (3,7%) foi coletado em seis espécies de hospedeiros. Com base em caracteres morfológicos externos, pelo menos duas espécies de piolhos mastigadores foram preliminarmente identificados (família: Menoponidae), incluindo Actornithophilus umbrinus (Burmeister, 1842) e Austromenopon sp. A. umbrinus foi encontrado em Pilrito-miudo (Calidris mauri), Pilrito-anão (C. minutilla), Pilrito-pernilongo (C. himantopus), Borrelho-semipalmado (Charadrius semipalmatus) e o Falaropo de Wilson (Phalaropus tricolor), enquanto Austromenopon sp. é, presumivelmente, o primeiro registro coletado na Ave-Surfista (Aphriza virgata). Esses resultados indicam que a distribuição dessas espécies de piolhos mastigadores abrange pelo menos as regiões ao redor do Equador (latitude 0°) até o Ártico, no Norte, mas provavelmente também inclui toda a área de distribuição de inverno essas espécies hospedeiras. Este é o primeiro estudo de piolhos de aves marinhas da área continental do Equador e mais pesquisas são necessárias para compreender a ecologia parasita-hospedeiro e ectoparasitose destas aves que invernam na região.


Subject(s)
Animals , Birds/parasitology , Phthiraptera/physiology , Animal Migration , Ecuador , Seasons
3.
Braz. j. biol ; 72(3): 583-585, Aug. 2012.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-649348

ABSTRACT

Thirty-two specimens of Columbina picui (picui ground-dove) were examined, and a collection of arthropods was made by washing the external surface of the body and the nasal cavity. The species in the order Phthiraptera found and their respective prevalences, mean abundance and mean intensity were: Columbicola passerinae (84.4%; 10.3; 12.2), Hohorstiella passerinae (21.9%; 0.7; 3.1) and Physconelloides eurysema (3.1%; 0.1; 2). The gamasid mites found in the birds and their respective prevalences, mean abundance and mean intensity were: Pellonyssus marui (31.3%; 1.2; 3.9), Ornithonyssus bursa (15.6%; 0.2. ;1.2) and Mesonyssus sp. (6.3%; 0.1; 1). Columbicola passerinae, H. passerinae, P. eurysema, O. bursa, P. marui and Mesonyssus sp. were recorded for the first time infecting C. picui in Brazil. Except for O. bursa, the other species are reported for the first time in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.


Foram examinados 32 espécimes de Columbina picui (rolinha-picui), sendo que a coleta de artrópodes foi realizada por meio de lavagem da superfície externa do corpo e da cavidade nasal. As espécies da ordem Phthiraptera encontradas e suas respectivas prevalências, abundância média e intensidade média foram: Columbicola passerinae (84,4%; 10,3; 12,2), Hohorstiella passerinae (21,9%; 0,7; 3,1) e Physconelloides eurysema (3,1%; 0,1; 2). Os ácaros Gamasida encontrados nas aves e suas respectivas prevalências, abundância média e intensidade média foram: Pellonyssus marui (31,3%; 1,2; 3,9), Ornithonyssus bursa (15,6%; 0,2; 1,2) e Mesonyssus sp. (6,3%; 0,1; 1). Columbicola passerinae, H. passerinae, P. eurysema, O. bursa, P. marui e Mesonyssus sp. são relatados pela primeira vez parasitando C. picui no Brasil. Exceto O. bursa, as demais espécies são relatadas pela primera vez no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.


Subject(s)
Animals , Bird Diseases/parasitology , Columbidae/parasitology , Ectoparasitic Infestations/veterinary , Mites/physiology , Phthiraptera/physiology , Bird Diseases/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Columbidae/classification , Ectoparasitic Infestations/epidemiology , Ectoparasitic Infestations/parasitology , Host-Parasite Interactions , Prevalence
4.
Neotrop. entomol ; 40(1): 148-149, Jan.-Feb. 2011.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-578850

ABSTRACT

This report is the first record of a species of Aquanirmus in Brazil and it increases the known geographical distribution of A. major Cicchino & González Acuña, a species recently described based on material collected in Argentina and Chile.


Subject(s)
Animals , Birds/parasitology , Phthiraptera/physiology , Brazil
5.
Neotrop. entomol ; 38(4): 501-503, July-Aug. 2009.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-525838

ABSTRACT

This paper presents the first record of three chewing lice species of the genus Myrsidea collected from one emberizid and two thraupid hosts in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Morphological characters of M. seminuda are added for the last redescription of this species and a new key to males of 'bonariensis species group' is presented.


O presente trabalho registra pela primeira vez três espécies de malófagos do gênero Myrsidea coletadas de um emberezídeo e dois traupídeos no Mato Grosso do Sul. Caracteres morfológicos de M. seminuda são adicionados para a última redescrição da espécie e uma nova chave para identificação de machos do grupo de espécies "bonariensis" é apresentada.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Phthiraptera/physiology , Passeriformes/parasitology , Brazil , Phthiraptera/anatomy & histology
6.
Neotrop. entomol ; 38(3): 384-388, May-June 2009. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-519359

ABSTRACT

The new species Aquanirmus major Cicchino & González Acuña found on the Great Grebe, Podiceps major, from different localities of Argentina and Chile, is described and illustrated, giving comments on its affinities and differences with the remaining three species included in the Aquanirmus emersoni-species complex.


Se describe e ilustra la nueva especie Aquanirmus major Cicchino & González Acuña hospedada en ejemplares de Podiceps major provenientes de distintas localidades de Argentina y Chile, entregando afinidades y diferencias con las restantes tres especies incluidas en el complejo A. emersoni.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Birds/parasitology , Phthiraptera/classification , Phthiraptera/physiology , Argentina , Chile , Phthiraptera/anatomy & histology
7.
Rev. biol. trop ; 44(2A): 391-4, ago. 1996.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-218370

ABSTRACT

A systematic revision of the ectoparasites (lice) of the hominids and ceboids supports the Trogloditian hypothesis, according to which the genus Homo is the sister of Pan, and the genus Gorilla the sister group of both. The phylogenetic analysis of this matrix derived from the study of primate lice shows an C.I. of 0.71 for the Trogloditian hypothesis including the ceboids in the analysis


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Cebidae/classification , Cebidae/parasitology , Gorilla gorilla/classification , Gorilla gorilla/parasitology , Hominidae/classification , Hominidae/parasitology , Phthiraptera/physiology , Phylogeny , Host-Parasite Interactions
8.
Rev. biol. trop ; 42(3): 633-8, dic. 1994. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-218392

ABSTRACT

The genera Pediculus and Pthirus were studied cladistically, although the genus Pedicinus was also taken into account. Morphological characters from the literature, and some established through direct study were analyzed. Using five methods of cladistic analysis, one most parsimonious tree with a c.i.=0.84 and a length of 38 was obtained ((Pedicinus)+(Paenipediculus+(Parapediculus+(Pediculus humanus capitis+Pediculus humanus humanus). A novelty of this study is the inclusion of the subgenus


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Cercopithecidae/parasitology , Phthiraptera/physiology , Phylogeny
9.
Santa Cruz de la Sierra; Ministerio de Prevision Social y Salud Publica; oct. 1992. 183 p. tab.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-158111
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