ABSTRACT
Los microtubérculos en algunas especies de plantas constituyen una importante alternativa como material vegetal de plantación. Se definió como objetivo de trabajo evaluar en campo la respuesta morfoagronómica de las plantas obtenidas de los microtubérculos de ñame formados en Sistema de Inmersión Temporal (SIT). Como variantes experimentales se plantaron tres categorías de microtubérculos, clasificados según su masa fresca (I. de 0,5 a 0,9 g; II. de 1,0 a 2,9 g; III. igual o mayor de 3,0 g), plantas in vitro previamente aclimatadas y corona de tubérculo. Se evaluó el efecto de la masa fresca de los microtubérculos sobre su brote, supervivencia y posterior desarrollo de las plantas derivadas de ellos en campo. Con los microtubérculos de ñame, con una masa fresca igual o superior a 3,0 g, se alcanzó el más alto porcentaje de brotación (91,30%) y supervivencia de las plantas (96,50%), así como las mejores respuestas en los caracteres cuantitativos que se evaluaron en campo. Estos resultados confirmaron la importancia de la masa fresca de los microtubérculos para ser empleados como material vegetal de plantación directo en campo.
Microtubers in some plant species represent an important alternative crop-planting material. The presentwork involved field work for evaluating the morphoagronomic response of plants obtained from yam microtubersproduced in a temporary immersion system (TIS). Three categories of microtuber were planted asexperimental variants; they were classified by fresh mass (1 - 0.5 to 0.9 g, 2 - from 1.0 to 2.9 g and 3 - equal to or greater than 3.0 g), previously in vitro-acclimated plants and tuber crowns. The effect of microtuber freshweight on their sprouting, survival and later development of the plants derived from them in the field were evaluated. The highest sprouting (91.30%) and plant survival percentages (96.50%) and the best response in quantitative traits evaluated in the field were obtained with yam microtubers having a fresh mass equal to or greater than 3.0 g. These results confirmed the importance of microtubers fresh weight for using them as plant material in direct planting in the field.
Subject(s)
Dioscorea/embryology , Dioscorea/genetics , Dioscorea/metabolism , Dioscorea/chemistry , Plant Tubers/growth & development , Plant Tubers/metabolism , Plant Tubers/chemistryABSTRACT
O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar o teor de matéria seca e a coloração de chips de batata da cultivar Asterix produzidos sob cinco níveis de nitrogênio. O plantio foi feito em 02/09/2003, na UFSM, em sacolas com 4,4dm de substrato comercial. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por cinco soluções nutritivas com doses de N de 5,0 (T1), 8,3 (T2), 11,3 (T3), 14,3 (T4) e 16,3mmol L-1 (T5). Os tubérculos foram colhidos em 17/12/2003, aos 104 dias após o plantio, e após 15 dias na temperatura de 20ºC foram determinados o teor de matéria seca e a coloração dos chips. O teor de matéria seca dos tubérculos aumentou da primeira até a terceira dose, decrescendo a seguir segundo um modelo polinomial. Os valores foram de 19,5; 20,5; 20,8; 18,6 e 18,4g 100g-1 nas doses de T1 a T5, respectivamente. Somente os tubérculos produzidos com as doses T2 e T3 atingiriam o teor mínimo de matéria seca preconizado pela literatura, que é de 20g 100g-1. Não houve relação entre a coloração dos chips e as doses de N fornecidas. Concluiu-se que o N pode reduzir o teor de matéria seca dos tubérculos e que critérios específicos de manejo da adubação nitrogenada devem ser observados para a produção de tubérculos destinados ao processamento industrial.
Subject(s)
Total Quality Management , Nitrogen/administration & dosage , Nitrogen/radiation effects , Nutritional Sciences/physiology , Solanum tuberosum/growth & development , Solanum tuberosum/physiology , Solanum tuberosum/metabolism , Plant Tubers/growth & development , Plant Tubers/physiology , GrowthABSTRACT
Mechanism of microtuberization in three elite cultivars kufri badhsha (KB), kufri chandramukhi (KCM) and kufri jawahar (KJ) of potato was studied. Sprouts of all the three cultivars were used to obtain in vitro shoot cultures. MS medium supplemented with chlorocholine chloride was found to be most suitable for all the cultivars. Maximum tuberization was obtained under incubation conditions of continuous darkness at 20 degrees +/- 1 degrees C. The highest number of micro-tubers per plant basis was produced under continuous darkness and KCM recorded the highest yield of micro-tubers and was found significantly superior to KJ and KB.