ABSTRACT
Pulp and paper mill effluents pollute water, air and soil, causing a major threat to the environment. Several methods have been attempted by various researchers throughout the world for the removal of colour from pulp and paper mill effluents. The biological colour removal process uses several classes of microorganisms--bacteria, algae and fungi--to degrade the polymeric lignin derived chromophoric material. White rot fungi such as Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Corius versicolor, Trametes versicolor etc., are efficient in decolourizing paper and pulp mill effluents. Gliocladium virens, a saprophytic soil fungus decolourised paper and pulp mill effluents by 42% due to the production of hemicellulase, lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase and laccase.
Subject(s)
Basidiomycota/metabolism , Biodegradation, Environmental , Color , Fungi , Industrial Waste , Laccase/metabolism , Lignin/metabolism , Oxidoreductases/metabolism , Paper , Peroxidases/metabolism , Polyporaceae/metabolism , WoodABSTRACT
Among three strains of "Pycnosporus sanguineus", MIP 89007 produced more cinnabarin than MIP 95001 and MIP 95002. The antimicrobial activity of cinnabarin was tesred against 11 species of bacteria isolated from food. "Bacillus cereus" and "Leuconostoc plantarum" were the most sensitive to cinnabarin, being inhibited by 0.0625 mg/ml. "Klebsiella pneumonia" was the least sensitive (>4.0 mg/ml).