Variação anatômica venosa rara em membros inferiores / A rare venous anatomic variation of the lower limb

Resumo A anatomia do sistema venoso dos membros inferiores é uma das mais complexas no corpo humano. Devido a essa condição, é de extrema importância saber identificar variações que possam acometê-la, como as malformações congênitas. Em casos de agenesia de veias profundas, como uma malformação vascular rara, o quadro clínico pode manifestar-se com insuficiência venosa crônica, que pode evoluir com edema, hiperpigmentação e úlcera de membro inferior. Assim, em muitos casos, torna-se uma doença incapacitante e de difícil tratamento. Apresenta-se um caso de agenesia de segmento venoso femoropoplíteo no membro inferior direito em paciente de 36 anos de idade, que cursou com edema e varizes de grosso calibre no membro acometido.

Abstract The anatomy of the venous system of the lower limbs is among the most complex in the human body. In view of this, it is extremely important to know how to identify variations that can affect it, such as congenital malformations, for example. In cases of a rare vascular malformation such as agenesis of deep veins, clinical status may manifest with chronic venous insufficiency, which can progress with edema, hyperpigmentation, and lower limb ulcers. This is very often therefore an incapacitating disease that is difficult to treat. This article describes a case of agenesis of a segment of femoropopliteal vein in the right lower limb of a 36-year-old patient who had edema and large caliber varicose veins in the affected limb.

rare variation of profunda femoris vein directly communicating with popliteal vein

During dissection of the posterior compartment of the thigh of a female formalin-fixed cadaver, a variation of profunda femoris vein directly communicating with the popliteal vein was encountered on the right side. The profunda femoris vein was 18 cm long with a diameter of 0.5 cm. Such a direct communication between the profunda femoris vein and popliteal vein is known to be rare. The site of the thrombosis that develops in the lower limbs is of importance in terms of diagnosis and treatment. Proximal or distal placement of such a thrombosis leads to diversity of diagnosis and treatment. Thus variations related with the veins of the lower limb should be well known. Furthermore awareness of such variations may be important to avoid unexpected complications during surgery of this region

Anomalous arrangement of structures in the popliteal fossa and its clinical significance

The anatomical knowledge of arrangement of the structures in popliteal fossa is important for any surgical and angiographic procedures. In the popliteal fossa, the usual arrangement of structures from superficial to deep is: the tibial nerve, popliteal vein and the popliteal artery, respectively. Considering the fact that there is a paucity of literature in the description of unusual arrangement of these structures in the popliteal fossa, the present study assumes much significance both academically and clinically. We dissected both sides of 50 lower limbs [n=50] of embalmed cadavers in the department of anatomy, to study the relationship of the tibial nerve, popliteal vein and the popliteal artery Only in once case, we detected the tibial nerve to be most superficial as usual but the popliteal artery was found to lie deep to the tibial nerve, with the popliteal vein lying still deeper to it. Thus, the normal arrangement of the tibial nerve, popliteal vein and the popliteal artery being arranged from superficial to deep, was not observed Topographical anatomical knowledge of the arrangement of the structures in the popliteal fossa are important to check inadvertent injuries during any surgery. Abnormal position of the blood vessels in the popliteal region may also lead to faulty administration of dyes in angiographic procedures and erroneous interpretation of angiograms