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1.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 37(3): 303-307, jul.-set. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-888470

ABSTRACT

Resumen Se reporta el caso de un paciente de sexo masculino, de 61 años de edad, quien ocho meses después de someterse a un trasplante de corazón presentó una enfermedad sistémica con compromiso del sistema nervioso central y del sistema inmunológico, así como de pulmón, riñón, colon y piel, y a quien finalmente se le diagnosticó toxoplasmosis diseminada, a pesar de haber recibido profilaxis con trimetoprim-sulfametoxazol, debido a que el órgano provenía de un donante positivo para toxoplasmosis siendo él un receptor negativo. Se discuten las opciones de profilaxis en nuestro medio.


Abstract We report the case of a 61 year-old male who underwent heart transplantation eight months before developing a systemic condition with central nervous system, lung, kidney, colonic, cutaneous, and hematologic involvement, found to be secondary to a systemic toxoplasmosis despite co-trimoxazole prophylaxis in a previous-to-transplant seronegative patient receiving a heart from a seropositive donor. A review of prophylactic options in our environment is discussed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Toxoplasmosis/transmission , Heart Transplantation , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Plasma Exchange , Postoperative Complications/parasitology , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Recurrence , Tissue Donors , Viremia/drug therapy , Viremia/transmission , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination/administration & dosage , Toxoplasmosis/prevention & control , Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/therapeutic use , Combined Modality Therapy , Cytomegalovirus Infections/drug therapy , Cytomegalovirus Infections/transmission , Disease Progression , Seroconversion , Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects
2.
J. bras. nefrol ; 37(2): 268-270, Apr-Jun/2015. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-751445

ABSTRACT

Resumo A leishmaniose visceral (LV), ou Calazar, é uma doença grave e potencialmente fatal para o homem. É causada por espécies do gênero Leishmania, predominando no Brasil a Leishmania chagasi. Os principais sintomas são febre, mal-estar, anorexia, perda ponderal e aumento do volume abdominal. A esplenomegalia e hepatomegalia são os sinais característicos da leishmaniose visceral, atualmente considerada infecção oportunista em imunocomprometidos, incluindo os receptores de transplante de órgãos sólidos. O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar um caso de leishmaniose visceral associado à gravidez pós-transplante renal.


Abstract Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a severe and potentially fatal disease caused by different Leishmania species, Leishmania chagasi prevailing in Brazil. Main symptoms include fever, malaise, anorexia, weight loss and abdominal enlargement with typically occurring hepatosplenomegaly Currently, VL is considered an opportunistic infection in immunocompromised hosts, including solid organ transplanted patients. The present study reports a case of VL associated to pregnancy after renal transplantation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Young Adult , Kidney Transplantation , Postoperative Complications/parasitology , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/diagnosis , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/therapy , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Postoperative Complications/therapy , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/diagnosis , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/therapy
3.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 46(1): 24-29, mar. 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-708696

ABSTRACT

La toxoplasmosis es una infección oportunista causada por el parásito Toxoplasma gondii; su infección es grave y de difícil diagnóstico en pacientes que reciben un trasplante alogénico de células progenitoras hematopoyéticas (TCPH). En el Hospital de Pediatría S.A.M.I.C. "Profesor Dr. Juan P. Garrahan" se realizó la vigilancia postrasplante de 12 pacientes receptores de TCPH mediante la técnica de PCR cualitativa. La necesidad de seguimiento de estos pacientes fue definida por el antecedente de serología positiva para toxoplasmosis en el donante o receptor y ante la imposibilidad de iniciar el uso profiláctico de trimetoprima-sulfametoxazol a causa de la condición hematológica. Dos pacientes presentaron signos de enfermedad por T. gondii con resultado de PCR positivo y recibieron tratamiento con pirimetamina-clindamicina. En otros dos, la toxoplasmosis fue causa de muerte y hallazgo de autopsia, con resultado de PCR negativo. Cuatro pacientes recibieron tratamiento contra toxoplasmosis por la detección de una PCR positiva, sin manifestaciones clínicas. En los cuatro pacientes restantes no se detectaron signos de enfermedad por toxoplasmosis, con resultados de PCR negativos durante el seguimiento. La técnica de PCR cualitativa demostró ser útil para detectar la reactivación de la toxoplasmosis en receptores de TCPH, pero tiene limitaciones para el seguimiento y la toma de decisiones clínicas en pacientes con PCR positiva que persiste en el tiempo y manifestaciones de toxicidad por el tratamiento.


Toxoplasmosis is an opportunistic infection caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii. The infection is severe and difficult to diagnose in patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Twelve patients receiving HSCT were monitored post-transplant, by qualitative PCR at the Children's Hospital S.A.M.I.C. "Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan". The monitoring of these patients was defined by a history of positive serology for toxoplasmosis in the donor or recipient and because their hematologic condition did not allow the use of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for prophylaxis. During the patients' monitoring, two of them with positive PCR results showed signs of illness by T. gondii and were treated with pyrimethamine-clindamycin. In two other patients, toxoplasmosis was the cause of death and an autopsy finding, showing negative PCR results. Four patients without clinical manifestations received treatment for toxoplasmosis because of positive PCR detection. In four patients there were no signs of toxoplasmosis disease and negative PCR results during follow-up. The qualitative PCR technique proved useful for the detection of toxoplasmosis reactivation in HSCT recipients, but has limitations in monitoring and making clinical decisions due to the persistence of positive PCR over time and manifestations of toxicity caused by the treatment.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , DNA, Protozoan/blood , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Toxoplasma/isolation & purification , Toxoplasmosis/diagnosis , Allografts , Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use , Antiprotozoal Agents/therapeutic use , Clindamycin/therapeutic use , False Negative Reactions , False Positive Reactions , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects , Immunocompromised Host , Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects , Opportunistic Infections/etiology , Opportunistic Infections/parasitology , Opportunistic Infections/transmission , Predictive Value of Tests , Premedication , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Postoperative Complications/parasitology , Pyrimethamine/therapeutic use , Retrospective Studies , Tissue Donors , Toxoplasmosis/etiology , Toxoplasmosis/parasitology , Toxoplasmosis/transmission , Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination
4.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 45(5): 652-654, Sept.-Oct. 2012. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-656223

ABSTRACT

Disseminated strongyloidiasis (DS) is a rare and severe parasitic disease that is difficult to recognize and affects immunocompromised individuals. We report the case of a kidney transplant recipient who presented with DS despite prophylaxis with albendazole. We have discussed the need for better prophylactic strategies and for a higher degree of suspicion in order to diagnose DS.


A estrongiloidíase disseminada (ED) é uma doença parasitária rara de difícil diagnóstico que acomete indivíduos imunocomprometidos. Relatamos um caso de um paciente transplantado renal que desenvolveu ED apesar do uso de profilaxia com albendazol. São discutidas estratégias profiláticas e de diagnóstico da estrongiloidíase disseminada.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Kidney Transplantation , Postoperative Complications/parasitology , Strongyloidiasis/diagnosis , Fatal Outcome , Immunocompromised Host , Immunosuppression Therapy/adverse effects , Strongyloides stercoralis/isolation & purification , Strongyloidiasis/parasitology
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