ABSTRACT
El presente estudio muestra el desarrollo de fetos de ratones hembras NMRI inoculadas con la cepa M/HOM/BRA/53/Y de trypanosoma cruzi y preñadas durante la fase aguda de la infección. Altos niveles de parasitemias fueron observados en las ratones con 30 días post-infección y 20 días de gestación, en comparación con las detectadas en los ratones vírgenes e infectadas con T. cruzi. En 3 de los fetos (15%) provenientes de dos madres infectadas/gestantes con altas parasitemias, se observaron signos de anomalías congénitas morfológicas y estructurales músculo-esqueléticas. Presentándose en uno de los fetos la formación de dos protuberancias, una sobre el lado dorsal del cuerpo y la otra en la base de la pata inferior izquierda, en otro de los fetos, la pata derecha se desarrolló sobre el lado derecho de la cara y en un tercer feto se formó una protuberancia en la pata anterior izquierda a nivel de la región subescapular. El estudio histopatológico con hematoxilina y eosina de los tejidos muscular esquelético y cardíaco, mostró en el 10% (2/20) de los tejidos fetales, intenso infiltrado celular mononuclear con predominio de linfocitos, macrófagos o histiocitos y monocitos entre las fibras musculares y cardíacas, con discreta miositis y miocarditis. Con la técnica de peroxidada anti peroxidada se observaron abundantes depósitos antigénicos, tanto en placenta como en músculo esquelético de los fetos con alteraciones morfológicas. En los ratones infectadas/gestantes los fetos presentaron reducción del peso corporal y retardo en el crecimiento fetal, así como reducción en el número de fetos de 10 en comparación con 14 fetos de mayor tamaño y aspecto normal desarrollados en las ratonas sanas preñadas.
The present study shows the development of the fetuses from pregnant female mice NMRI inoculated with M/HOM/BRA/53/Y Trypanosoma cruzi strain. The infection revealed the highest levels of patent parasitemia in mice with 30 days postinfection and 20 days of pregnancy in comparison with infected unmated mice. Three fetuses (15%) from two infected mice with high levels of parasitemia, showed morphological and structural muscularskeletal congenital anomalies. Two protuberances were observed, one on the dorsal side of the body, and the other on the left footpad base. In another fetus his right footpad came out from the right part of his face and in the 3rd one it was observed a lump in the left leg, above the level subscapular region. The histophatological study with hematoxilin-eosin staining of skeletal muscle and cardiac tissue, showed in 10% (2/20) of the mice, inflammatory infiltrate with lymphocytes, macrophages and monocytes into muscular and cardiac fibers, with discrete myositis and myocarditis. Peroxidase anti-peroxidase staining showed T. cruzi antigens in placenta and skeletal muscle of the fetuses with morphological alterations. In the pregnant mice, fetuses also showed both, loss of weight and growth retardation, as well as reduction of the number of fetuses to 10 in comparison with 14 fetuses in normal and healthy pregnant mice.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Child , Mice , Congenital Abnormalities/parasitology , Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/diagnosis , Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/physiopathology , Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/parasitology , Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/pathology , Trypanosoma cruzi/microbiology , Trypanosoma cruzi/parasitology , Trypanosoma cruzi/pathogenicity , Animals, Laboratory/abnormalities , Animals, Laboratory/embryology , Animals, Laboratory/parasitologyABSTRACT
This histopathological study analyzes placentas of babies congenitally infected with T. cruzi (M+B+), or babies not infected but born from infected- (M+B-), or non infected-mothers (M-B-). Placentas M+B+ showed lesions of chorionitis, chorioamnionitis and cord edema with lymphocyte infiltration, whereas such lesions were infiltrated only with polymorphonuclear cells in M+B- and M-B- placentas. Parasites were found in M+B+ placentas, in fibroblasts and macrophages of chorion, membranes, chorionic plate, mainly in the area of membrane insertion, as well as in cells of Wharton jelly and myocytes of umbilical cord vessels. These results suggest that the materno-fetal transmission of parasites occurs mainly through the marginal sinus, spreading into the chorionic plate infecting fibroblasts and macrophages so far as to found a fetal vessel, inducing a fetal infection by hematogenous route.