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1.
Rev. obstet. ginecol. Venezuela ; 70(1): 18-23, mar. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-631420

ABSTRACT

Conocer la frecuencia de diabetes y otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular en mujeres con diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) previa. Se evaluaron 92 mujeres con DMG previa, a quienes no se les había diagnosticado diabetes, que asistieron a la pesquisa posparto inicial o anual durante 2008. Se determinó presión arterial, circunferencia abdominal (CA) e índice de masa corporal (IMC). Se practicó prueba de tolerancia oral a la glucosa, medición de niveles de insulina y lípidos séricos. Se estableció la presencia de síndrome metabólico (SM), aplicando los criterios ATP III e índice de resistencia a la insulina mediante el modelo Homa-R. Se usó t Student para la asociación de variables. La media de edad fue 34,7 ± 6,6 años y del período posparto, 3,5 ± 2,6 años. En 8,7 por ciento se hizo el diagnóstico de diabetes, 32,6 por ciento intolerancia a la glucosa y 12,0 por ciento, glucemia alterada en ayunas. 62,1 por ciento presentaba obesidad abdominal, 62,5 por ciento, algún tipo de dislipidemia y 23,80 por ciento, elevación de la presión arterial. 46,4 por ciento reunía los criterios de SM y 29,6 por ciento mostró un índice HOMA-R > 2,5. Las cifras de CA, IMC, triglicéridos, glucemia basal, glucemia 2 horas post-carga, e insulina 2 horas poscarga fueron más altas (P< 0,05) en mujeres con anormalidades de la tolerancia a la glucosa que en aquellas con tolerancia normal. Las mujeres con DMG previa muestran una elevada frecuencia de alteraciones clínicas y metabólicas que representan un potencial incremento del riesgo cardiovascular en un grupo poblacional relativamente joven


To know the frequency of diabetes and other cardiovascular risk factors in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). 92 women with previous GDM, without diagnosis of diabetes, who underwent initial or annual postpartum diabetes screening during 2008, were assessed. Blood pressure, abdominal circumference and body mass index were measured. They were tested for an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and determination of plasma insulin and lipid levels. Metabolic syndrome (MS) was diagnosed according ATP III criteria and the HOMA-R model was used for the insulin resistance index calculation. Student’s t test was used for variables association. The average age was 34.7 ± 6.6 years and postpartum period, 3.5 ± 2.6 years. 8.7 percent was diagnosed with diabetes, 32.6 percent with impaired glucose tolerance and 12.0 percent with impaired fasting glucose. 62.1 percent showed abdominal obesity, 62.5 percent presented some type of dyslipidemia and 23.8 percent, high blood pressure. 46.4 percent met the criteria for MS, and 29.6 percent showed a HOMA-R Index > 2.5. Abdominal circumference, body mass index, blood pressure, triglycerides, basal glucose, 2-h post-load glucose and 2-h post-load insulin values were higher (P< 0.05) in women with abnormal glucose tolerance than those with normal glucose tolerance. Women with previous GDM show a high frequency of clinical and metabolic abnormalities that point towards a potential increase of cardiovascular risk in a relatively young population


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular/pathology , Diabetes, Gestational/diagnosis , Pregnancy in Diabetics/diagnosis , Metabolic Syndrome/pathology , Prenatal Diagnosis , Prediabetic State , Risk Factors
2.
Managua; s.n; mar. 2008. 98 p. tab, graf.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-593041

ABSTRACT

Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal, donde se realizó el seguimiento de pacientes embarazadas con diagnóstico de diabetes, que se ingresaron a las salas del Hospital Berta Calderón Roque durante el Perído de 01 de enero del 2004- 31 de diciembre del 2007. El universo estuvo constituido por todas las pacientes embarazadas con diagnóstico de diabetes a las cuales se les brindó atención en las salas de esta unidad hospitalaria con un total de 163 pacientes. La muestra fue selecionada de forma probabilistica en las pacientes que cumplieron como requisito tener completo todos los datos en el expediente clínico con un total de 147 pacientes...


Subject(s)
Pregnancy Complications/classification , Pregnancy Complications/pathology , Pregnancy in Diabetics/diagnosis , Pregnancy in Diabetics/pathology
4.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-87004

ABSTRACT

AIMS: To find the incidence of fetal complications in Indian diabetic mothers with tight glycaemic control (TC), its comparison with other levels of glycaemic control, i.e., acceptable control (AC), uncontrolled (UC), and relevant international data. METHODS: A total of 240 mothers with diabetes mellitus (DM) and pregnancy were risk-matched and selected from the Antenatal Clinic of NRS Medical College, 176 of whom had gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and 64 had pregestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM), and were put on exercise, diet and or insulin therapy. Glycaemic parameters monitored include fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2 hr. postprandial plasma glucose (PPPG) and HbA1C. TC had - FPG < 70 mg/dl, PPPG < 100 mg/dl, HBA1C < 6.5%; AC with FPG 70-95 mg/dl, 2 hr. PPPG 100-120, HBA1C 6.5-7.5% and UC had FPG > 95 mg/ dl, 2 hr. PPPG > 120 mg/dl and HBA1C > 7.5%. Fetal parameters monitored included large-for-date babies (LGA), small-for-date babies (SFD), birth asphyxia, perinatal death, neonatal hypoglycemia, neonatal hypocalcaemia and congenital anomalies. RESULTS: (i) LGA-AC had the best results (0% vs. 12.5 and 22.29%); (ii) SFD-TC and AC had worst results (16.7% and 18.18% vs. 0%); (iii) Birth asphyxia-AC fared worse 18.18% vs. 4.16% and 0%; (iv) perinatal death and congenital anomalies showed significant reduction with tight control (4.16% and 0% respectively); (v) Neonatal hypoglycemia is lowered in TC compared with UC while neonatal hypocalcaemia does not show any alteration. For PGDM patients there is little intra-group variability of the parameters. The UC subgroups of GDM fared better than PGDM as far as all complications and congenital anomalies were concerned. Compared with international data, there is a dichotomy of the results of GDM and PGDM. CONCLUSION: For GDM patients all parameters may not be uniformly affected by the same degree of glycaemic control. A tight control may not be theonly factor to decide on the outcomes for PGDM patients.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Blood Glucose/analysis , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diagnosis , Diabetes, Gestational/diagnosis , Diet, Diabetic , Female , Fetal Development/physiology , Fetal Macrosomia/prevention & control , Fetal Monitoring , Glucose Tolerance Test , Humans , India , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Outcome , Pregnancy in Diabetics/diagnosis , Pregnancy, High-Risk , Prenatal Care , Probability , Prognosis , Prospective Studies , Risk Assessment , Severity of Illness Index
5.
J Indian Med Assoc ; 2003 Dec; 101(12): 742, 744, 746 passim
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-98456

ABSTRACT

Diabetes and pregnancy encompass not only pregestational diabetes mellitus but also any form of abnormal glucose tolerance during gestation. While screening for glucose intolerance is mandatory for high-risk patients in pregnancy, it is not required in others. There are various methods for screening of gestational diabetes mellitus eg, urine glucose detection, O'Sullivan screening test, WHO criteria, etc. Proper management of diabetes in pregnancy can arrest foetal mortality and morbidity. Practical self management skills are essential for attaining good glycaemic control. Management of gestational diabetes mellitus rests on the idea of medical nutrition therapy and insulin therapy.


Subject(s)
Counseling , Diabetes, Gestational/diagnosis , Female , Glucose Tolerance Test , Humans , Insulin/administration & dosage , Pregnancy , Pregnancy in Diabetics/diagnosis
7.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 46(5): 574-581, out. 2002. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-324539

ABSTRACT

O Grupo de Trabalho em Diabetes e Gravidez, reunido durante o XI Congresso Brasileiro de Diabetes em 1997, elaborou normas para o manejo do diabetes gestacional e pré-gestacional. Em 2001, nova reunião ocorreu visando atualizar os posicionamentos assumidos em 1997, a partir de novas evidências da literatura. As mudanças sugeridas estão incorporadas no documento a seguir. O rastreamento do diabetes gestacional deve ser universal e, para isso, é sugerido o emprego da glicemia de jejum a partir da 2ª semana de gestação. Os pontos de corte para classificação de rastreamento positivo são 85mg/dl ou 90mg/dl; nos casos de rastreamento positivo, o exame recomendado é o teste oral de tolerância com 75g de glicose e os critérios para o diagnóstico do diabetes gestacional são glicemia de jejum >/=110mg/dl ou glicemia de 2h >/=140mg/dl. São apresentadas também estratégias de manejo metabólico e obstétrico do diabetes gestacional e do diabetes pré-gestacional.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Diabetes, Gestational , Pregnancy in Diabetics/diagnosis , Blood Glucose , Diet, Diabetic , Exercise , Family Development Planning , Postpartum Period , Risk Factors , Glucose Tolerance Test/methods
10.
Damascus University Journal for Health Sciences. 2001; 17 (1): 47-64
in Arabic | IMEMR | ID: emr-56587

ABSTRACT

This study examined 64 patients who visited The New Maternity Hospital at Damascus University. Those patients were divided almost equally between the three types of diabetes. Blood sugar was well controlled by: Diet in 20.3%, insulin in 70.3% and 9.4% of patients reported or came at delivery; so they recieved no treatment. The results were: 1. Obesity was the major combined risk factor among all patients. 2. The ideal time to deliver patients was between 38-40 weeks, the rate of stillbirth rises sharply when patients pass their EDD. 3. The rate of cesarean sections rose to 60.9% in diabetic patients compared to 15.8% in non diabetic patients. 4. Perinatal morbidity and mortality rose [16.0% Vs 7.70%] due to increase in rate of congenital anomalies [7.8% Vs 2%] also due to macrosomia [21.3%] associated with immaturity leading to failure of the newborn to adapt with extra-uterine life


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy in Diabetics/diagnosis , Obesity , Risk Factors , Cesarean Section , Infant Mortality , Blood Glucose , Pregnancy in Diabetics/classification , Diabetes, Gestational , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
11.
Rev. cuba. endocrinol ; 11(2): 121-34, mayo-ago. 2000. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-295687

ABSTRACT

Se hizo una revisión para valorar los criterios actuales en relación con la repercusión del embarazo en las mujeres diabéticas con nefropatía diabética. En los últimos años hemos asistido a una disminución significativa de la mortalidad en estas pacientes. Cuando se logra un control metabólico óptimo y no existen complicaciones vasculares el índice de supervivencia es idéntico al de la embarazada no diabética, aunque no siempre se logra el control aspirado antes y durante el embarazo y, con frecuencia, coexisten en ellas complicaciones angiopáticas, lo que influye en la morbilidad y la mortalidad perinatal. El riesgo antes señalado se eleva aún más en las diabéticas con nefropatía. Muchos opinan que el embarazo no aumenta el riesgo subsecuente de nefropatía ni la aceleración de su progresión. Otros sin embargo, piensan que el embarazo puede elevar la morbilidad y la mortalidad perinatal. Se ha comprobado que el riesgo de preeclampsia, prematuridad y cesáreas es significativamente mayor en las diabéticas embarazadas con nefropatía. Otras complicaciones como: hipoglucemia, hiperbilirrubinemia, síndrome de distrés respiratorio, hipocalcemia y policitemia continúan presentando un índice alto en este grupo de mujeres. Un problema aún no resuelto del todo se relaciona con la incidencia elevada de malformaciones congénitas en esta mujeres. El control estricto del metabolismo y de la hipertensión arterial y la prevención del sufrimiento fetal son acciones que pueden contribuir a la reducción de la mortalidad de los hijos de madres diabéticas. El desarrollo de los cuidados intensivos de estos neonatos es otro proceder a tener en consideración(AU)


A review was made to evaluate the current criteria in connection with the repercussion of pregnancy on diabetic women with diabetic nephropathies. During the last years a significant reduction of mortality has been observed in these patients. When an optimum metabolic control is attained and there are no vascular complications the survival index is identical to that of the non-diabetic women, eventhough the desired control is not always obtained before and during pregnancy and angiopathic complications frequently coexist in them, which influences on perinatal morbidity and mortality. The above risk is even higher among diabetic patients with nephropathy. Many consider that pregnancy increases neither the subsequent risk of nephropathy nor the acceleration of its progression. However, others think that pregnancy may rise the perinatal morbi-mortality. It has been proved that the risk of preeclampsia, prematurity and cesarean sections is significantly higher in diabetic pregnant women with nephropathy. There is still a high index of complications such as hypoglucaemia, hyperbilirubinaemia, respiratory distress syndrome, hypocalcaemia and polycythaemia in this group of women. A problem that has not been solved yet is that related to the high incidence of congenital malformations in these women. The strict control of metabolism and arterial hypertension and the fetal suffering may contribute to the reduction of mortality of the children of diabetic mothers. The development of intensive care of these newborn infants is another procedure that should be taken into consideration(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy in Diabetics/diagnosis , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , Diabetic Nephropathies/complications , Fetal Distress , Survivorship , Hyperbilirubinemia/complications
12.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 64(2): 111-5, 1999. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-245483

ABSTRACT

Cincuenta y siete embarazadas con glicemia 1 hora post 50 g de glucosa > a 140 mg/dl fueron sometidas a un test de tolerancia a la glucosa (TTG) oral con 100 g de glucosa. Con el objeto de investigar la influencia del anticoagulante usado en las muestras para glicemia, se toman dos alícuotas a las 0-1-2 y 3 horas, una con fluoruro de sodio y la otra con heparina, las que se almacenan para ser analizadas al final del test. Los promedio de todas las glicemias tomadas con heparina fueron menores, debido a que este anticoagulante no inhibe la glucólisis como el fluoruro. Esto es especialmente importante en los TTG negativos con glicemias límites pues podría tratarse de falsos negativos. Se obtuvo 8 TTG positivos con fluoruro y 5 con heparina (37,5 por ciento de subdiagnóstico). En una serie de 28 pacientes normales el valor de la glicemia basal fue disminuyendo a medida que pasaba el tiempo para ser procesada. A las 3 horas, el nivel de glucosa bajó 16,9 por ciento en muestras con heparina y 6,7 por ciento con fluoruro (p < 0,01)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Anticoagulants , Glucose Tolerance Test , Pregnancy in Diabetics/diagnosis , False Negative Reactions , Glycolysis , Heparin , Sodium Fluoride
13.
In. Ramos Toledo, Gustavo. Alto riesgo obstétrico. Quito, AFEME, 1997. p.79-90.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-206573
14.
Campinas; s.n; nov. 1996. 120 p. tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-310014

ABSTRACT

A avaliaçäo das condiçöes fetais em diabéticas continua sendo fator preocupante na assistência pré-natal. O diagnóstico correto das provas de vitalidade fetal ainda é problema, principalmente quando se trata de permitir que a gestaçäo prossiga. Estudamos o "Nostress test" (NST) de 214 gestaçöes de diabéticas atendidas no Pré-Natal Especializado (PNE)do Centro de Atençäo Integral á Saúde da Mulher (CAISM), entre junho de 1988 e maio de 1996. Estudamos também o Estímulo Acústico (EA), isoladamente, e depois associado ao NST. Classificamos estes exames como reativos (R), hiporreativos (HR) ou näo reativos (NR), de acordo com a variaçäo da frequência cardíaca aos movimentos fetais (PMMF) de 209 gestaçöes, classificados como "normais" quando maiores que sete em até uma hora e "anormais" se isso näo ocorreu.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Cardiotocography , Prenatal Care/methods , Pregnancy in Diabetics/diagnosis , Maternal-Fetal Exchange
15.
Indian J Pediatr ; 1996 Sep-Oct; 63(5): 700-3
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-79578

ABSTRACT

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a rare primary myocardial disease, characterized by hypertrophy of the left and/or right ventricle. Infants of diabetic mothers (IDM) are at risk for development of HCM, respiratory distress and persistent pulmonary hypertension. A case of severe right sided HCM in an infant born to a diabetic mother is presented. The patient's findings were complementary to the previous observations reporting HCM in IDM. The presence of disproportionate septal hypertrophy in the echocardiography of an infant born to a diabetic mother is highly suggestive of HCM in IDM. In our opinion, further cardiac evaluation is not indicated unless other cardiac abnormalities are suspected.


Subject(s)
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/diagnosis , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis , Echocardiography , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/diagnosis , Infant, Newborn , Male , Pregnancy , Pregnancy in Diabetics/diagnosis , Remission, Spontaneous
18.
Rev. colomb. obstet. ginecol ; 46(3): 173-8, jul.-sept. 1995. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-293241

ABSTRACT

La presencia de diabetes en el embarazo afecta a un número significativo de mujeres y es considerada como un factor con importante papel en la morbilidad y mortalidad perinatal. Con el objetivo de determinar los efectos de esta enfermedad sobre el recién nacido, se realizó un estudio retrospectivo en 35 casos de mujeres con diabetes mellitus o diabetes gestacional que habían tenido un parto previamente. Se escogieron además al azar, 26 controles de partos de mujeres normales para establecer las comparaciones respectivas. Se observó un efecto de la enfermedad en variables como el Apgar, la talla y los perímetros cefálico y torácico de los recién nacidos. No se encontraron efectos sobre el peso como tampoco diferencias sobre la presencia de malformaciones. Por la importancia de esta situación tanto para la madre como para el recién nacido, se recomiendan medidas de control estricto durante el embarazo de estas mujeres, así como en la atención del recién nacido buscando minimizar los riesgos


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Adult , Pregnancy in Diabetics/complications , Pregnancy in Diabetics/diagnosis , Pregnancy in Diabetics/epidemiology , Pregnancy in Diabetics/pathology
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