ABSTRACT
O currículo oculto resulta das relações interpessoais vividas academicamente, extrapolando o currículo formal, podendo ser um facilitador e também um empecilho ao aprendizado. Essa revisão objetiva compreender a abordagem da temática na educação médica e sua relação com o profissionalismo. A revisão integrativa nos permitiu observar uma sobrecarga cognitiva e emocional do(a)s estudantes causada pelo currículo oculto. Todavia, constatamos como a educação médica tem trabalhado com a finalidade de reduzir esses prejuízos. Nesse sentido, é importante problematizar os modelos hegemônicos que influenciam valores, interesses, discursos, saberes e práticas ao longo da formação. Para isso, é fundamental o debate em torno de conceitos/ações como identidade, diversidade, inclusão, hegemonia, ideologia, poder e cultura, que pode ocorrer de forma longitudinal e integrada em unidades curriculares relacionadas às humanidades.(AU)
Hidden curriculum results from interpersonal relations experienced in academia and go beyond the formal curriculum, being both a facilitator and an obstacle to learning. This analysis aims at understanding the thematic approach of medical education and its relationship with professionalism. Through an integrative review, we were able to observe a cognitive and emotional overload in students caused by hidden curriculum. However, we noticed how medical education has been trying to reduce these negative effects. In this sense, it is important to question hegemonic models that influence values, interests, discourses, knowledges, and practices throughout the learning process. In order to do that, it is essential to discuss concepts/actions such as identity, diversity, inclusion, hegemony, ideology, power, and culture, which can occur longitudinally and integrated with curricular units related to Humanities.(AU)
El currículo oculto es resultado de las relaciones interpersonales vividas académicamente que extrapola el currículum formal, pudiendo ser un facilitador y también un obstáculo para el aprendizaje. Esta revisión tiene el objetivo de comprender el abordaje de la temática en la educación médica y su relación con el profesionalismo. La revisión integradora nos permitió observar una sobrecarga cognitiva y emocional de los estudiantes causada por el currículo oculto. Sin embargo, constatamos cómo la educación médica ha trabajado con la finalidad de reducir esos perjuicios. En ese sentido, es importante problematizar los modelos hegemónicos que influyen sobre valores, intereses, discursos, saberes y prácticas durante la formación. Para tanto, es fundamental el debate alrededor de los conceptos/acciones tales como identidad, diversidad, inclusión, hegemonía, ideología, poder y cultura, que puede ocurrir de forma longitudinal e integrada en unidades curriculares relacionadas con las humanidades.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Problem-Based Learning , Education, Medical/trends , Professionalism/education , Review Literature as TopicABSTRACT
The transformations experienced by the society have strongly impacted the role of the medical profession in the world. Various factors such as technological progress and knowledge, globalization, massive access to information, market, policy and health systems determine a new and changing scenario for the practice of medicine. For several decades, there has been a growing concern from various medical schools worldwide to strengthen the teaching of medical students on contents related to professionalism, in order to prepare more efficiently future doctors, to successfully face the challenge to develop in this new context without abandoning the principles of hippocratic medicine, which for centuries have guided the exercise of the profession in the West. Although there are different interpretations and definitions for medical professionalism, there is consensus that involves humanitarian attitudes and behaviors that complement scientific and technical formation of excellence, which is framed in ethics and privilege above all the patients' welfare. Literature reviewed makes reference to various proposals to approach teaching and curricular introduction of medical professionalism. Most researchers raise the need to incorporate medical professionalism transversely in the curriculum using a variety of methodologies at both undergraduate and postgraduate level.
Subject(s)
Humans , Students, Medical/psychology , Education, Medical, Undergraduate , Professionalism/education , Concept Formation , Professionalism/historyABSTRACT
Background: Professional socialisation of student nurses needs to be integrated into the formal teaching and learning during the nursing programme. Embedded in the training programme are professional values that are used synonymously with nursing professionalism. Professionalism is the conduct, qualities, values, vision, mission and/or goals that characterise a profession, and describes behaviours that are expected within the profession's members. However, one's values are shaped by one's experiences, influence one's behaviour and interactions with others, and are manifested in many aspects of professional behaviour. New nurses to the profession are expected to display behaviours of professionalism, thus requiring nurse training schools to help students internalise these behaviours. Nurse educators therefore carry a responsibility to shape future nurses' growth towards professionalism.Objectives: This article reports on the experiences of undergraduate student nurses regarding nursing professionalism during their 4-year training programme at a Higher Education Institution in the Western Cape, South Africa.Method: A qualitative, exploratory and descriptive design was applied. Eight focus group discussions were conducted with first- to fourth-year student nurses registered for the undergraduate nursing programme. Data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using open coding. Ethical principles and trustworthiness were maintained throughout the study.Results: Six main themes indicated that undergraduate student nurses experienced issues with role modelling, language barriers, their own understanding of professional behaviour, reasons for students and practitioners' unprofessional behaviour, prejudice towards degree students and students' professional or unprofessional behaviour experienced as contributing to the image of the profession.Conclusion: Student nurses received mixed messages leading to emotional turbulence. They needed clear guidance from role models to demonstrate how to behave professionally