ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Need for undertaking prostate biopsies for detection of prostate cancer is often decided on the basis of serum levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA). AIM: To evaluate the case detection rate of prostate cancer among patients presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) on the basis of PSA levels and to assess the scope of prostate biopsy in these patients. SETTING AND DESIGN: A retrospective study from a tertiary care center. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical and histopathological data of 922 patients presenting with LUTS in the last five years was obtained from the medical record section. They had been screened for prostate cancer using PSA and /or digital rectal examination examination followed by confirmation with prostate biopsy. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Detection rate and receiver operating characteristic curve were performed using SPSS 16 and Medcalc softwares. RESULTS: The detection rate of prostate cancer according to the PSA levels was 0.6%, 2.3%, 2.5%, 34.1% and 54.9% in the PSA range of 0-4, 4-10, 10-20, 20-50 and> 50 ng/ml, respectively. Maximum prostate cancer cases were detected beyond a PSA value of 20 ng/ml whereas no significant difference in the detection rate was observed in the PSA range of 0-4, 4-10 and 10-20 ng/ml. CONCLUSION: A low detection rate of prostate cancer observed in the PSA range of 4-20 ng/ml in LUTS patients indicates the need for use of higher cutoff values of PSA in such cases. Therefore we recommend a cutoff of 20 ng/ml of PSA for evaluation of detection rate of prostate cancer among patients presenting with LUTS.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Biopsy , Diagnosis, Differential , Digital Rectal Examination , Early Detection of Cancer , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood , Prostatic Neoplasms/blood , Prostatism/pathology , ROC Curve , Reference Values , Retrospective Studies , Urinary Tract Infections/complicationsABSTRACT
La próstata es el sitio más propenso a desarrollar procesos inflamatorios y alteraciones del crecimiento celular dentro del tracto genital masculino. Las prostatis, sindrome clínico que experimentan los pacientes con inflamación de la próstata, constituyen una importante causa deterioro en la calidad de vida en hombres de todas las edades y un proceso de difícil tratamiento. Estudios recientes han postulado que los epitelios expuestos a injurias poseen mecanismos de defensa propios de la inmunidad innata, con la participación de moléculas específicas tales como TLR4 para reconocimiento bacteriano, los antibacterianos SP-D y defensinas, citocinas proinflamatorias y las inmunomoduladoras UG, PBP y Gal-1.