Mechanisms of Endothelial Protection by Natural Bioactive Compounds from Fruit and Vegetables

ABSTRACT The endothelium is fundamental for the regulation of vascular tone and structure. Under disease conditions, including the presence of cardiovascular disease risk factors, the endothelium loses its protective role and becomes a proatherosclerotic structure. In this article we searched for strategies from PUBMED and Science Direct databases using the following key words: endothelium, natural bioactive compounds, polyphenols and cardiovascular diseases. The search was restricted to english language papers. Studies have identified the contribution of diet to the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. In this context, high intakes of fruit and vegetables are associated with the decrease of cardiovascular diseases. Thus the most important fruit/vegetables and bioactive compounds to prevent endothelial diseases are berries, apples, virgin olive oil, tomatoes, soybeans, and polyphenols, carotenoids and unsaturated fatty acids, respectively. The bioactive compounds from fruit and vegetables provide endothelial protection through the following mechanisms: improved eNOS/NO bioavailability, attenuates oxidative stress, inhibited NF-κB pathway and decreased cell adhesion molecules expression. In this article natural bioactive compound mechanisms of endothelium protection are thoroughly reviewed.

Ionômero de vidro: agentes protetores de superfície / Glass ionomer: superficial protectors agents

O cimento de ionômero de vidro qualifica-se como um material bastante crítico quanto à sua utilizaçäo. A indicaçäo da proporçäo pó-líquido feita pelo fabricante deve ser rigorosamente obedecida. A manipulaçäo, inserçäo e proteçäo do material precisam ser feitas sempre de maneira apropriada. Foi pensando nisso, que este experimento de baseou, a fim de avaliar três diferentes protetores de superfície para restauraçöes de cimento de ionômero de vidro: Finishing Gloss (Vitrimer), Fortify e esmalte para unha Colorama. Os cimentos ionométricos utilizados para este experimento foram Vidrion R, Chelon Fil e Vitrimer. Os resultados indicaram que as melhores proteçöes foram obtidas quando se usou a resina fluída Finishing Gloss e esmalte para unha Colorama; näo havendo diferença significante entre eles. Já o Fortify näo deve ser o produto de primeira escolha para proteçäo superficial