ABSTRACT
Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the expression of EGFR, KRAS genes, microRNAs-21 and 203 in colon and rectal cancer samples, correlated with their age at diagnosis, histological subtype, value of pretreatment CEA, TNM staging and clinical outcome. Methods: Expression of genes and microRNAs by real time PCR in tumor and non-tumor samples obtained from surgical treatment of 50 patients. Results: An increased expression of microRNAs-21 and 203 in tumor samples in relation to non-tumor samples was found. There was no statistically significant difference between the expression of these genes and microRNAs when compared to age at diagnosis and histological subtype. The EGFR gene showed higher expression in relation to the value of CEA diagnosis. The expression of microRNA-203 was progressively lower in relation to the TNM staging and was higher in the patient group in clinical remission. Conclusions: The therapy of colon and rectum tumors based on microRNAs remains under investigation reserving huge potential for future applications and clinical interventions in conjunction with existing therapies. We expect, based on the exposed data, to stimulate the development of new therapeutic possibilities, making the treatment of these tumors more effective.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics , Adenocarcinoma/genetics , Gene Expression , Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/analysis , Genes, ras , Genes, erbB-1 , MicroRNAs/analysis , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/drug therapy , Carcinoembryonic Antigen/analysis , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Prospective Studies , Age Factors , Treatment Outcome , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Neoplasm StagingABSTRACT
Adenomatoid hyperplasia belongs to the group of hyperplastic duct lesions of the pancreas. We report a 60-year-old man with adenomatoid hyperplasia of the pancreas, presenting as a mass lesion. The patient underwent pancreatico-duodenectomy uneventfully. The unusual location of the mass in the head of pancreas, the imaging and macroscopic appearance, dense fibrous stroma on histology and prominent expression of p21ras protein point towards a distinct subtype.
Subject(s)
Adenoma/diagnosis , Humans , Hyperplasia/diagnosis , Male , Middle Aged , Pancreas/pathology , Pancreatic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/analysisABSTRACT
The p21 overexpression is thought to be a consequence of the p53 induced activation of the p21 gene. The immunohistochemical evaluation of p53 and p21 can be a valuable means of assessing the functional status of the p53 gene product. We examined the overexpression of p21 and p53 proteins in primary gastric lymphomas and the correlation with prognosis. A total of 32 cases of gastric lymphomas was classified into low-grade lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type (n=16) and high-grade B-cell lymphomas (n=16). In low-grade lymphomas, only one case showed p53 positivity and all cases were p21-negative. In high-grade lymphomas, seven cases were p53+/p21- (44%), one case was p53+/p21+ (6%), and eight cases were p53-/p21- (50%). The p53+/p21- cases had a much lower percentage of patients sustaining a continuous complete remission state (3/7, 43%) compared with other cases (6/7, 86%). From these results, we concluded that p21 expression is rare in primary gastric lymphomas. Therefore, p53-positive lymphomas can be assumed as having p53 mutation. And combined studies of p53 and p21 may be used as a prognostic indicator in primary gastric high-grade lymphomas.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Immunohistochemistry , Lymphoma, B-Cell/chemistry , Middle Aged , Peyer's Patches/chemistry , Prognosis , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/analysis , Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/analysis , Stomach Neoplasms/chemistryABSTRACT
Con el objeto de determinar las alteraciones moleculares que intervienen en la patogenia del cáncer de cuello uterino en Chile, se estudió la incidencia de mutaciones puntuales del gen K-ras (cordones 12, 13 y 61) en 16 carcinomas epidermoides infiltrantes, mediante técnicas de microdisección de tejidos, PCR y RFLP. Además se estudió la expresión inmunohistoquímica de la proteína ras-p21 en 12 carcinomas epidermoides infiltrantes, 51 neoplasias intraepiteliales (NIE), 15 condilomas y 10 epitelios epidermoides normales. Se detectó mutación del codón 12 en 3/16 (19 por ciento) de los carcinomas invasores (transversión G a T), sin mutación en los restantes codones. Se encontró expresión inmunohistoquímica de la proteína ras-p21 sólo en 58 por ciento de los carcinomas infiltrantes y en 19 por ciento de las NIE III. Aunque la mutación puntual del gen K-ras pareciera no ser muy relevante en la patogenia de esta neoplasia la constante transversión G a T observada en los 3 casos con mutación del codón 12 sugiere que puede ser importante para un grupo de casos que se requiere identificar. La expresión inmunohistoquímica de la proteína ras-p21 permitiría diferenciar entre carcinoma infiltrante y sus lesiones precursoras