ABSTRACT
Investigação entre gestantes e puérperas portadoras do HIV sobre quais os sentimentos que representam pelo fato de não poderem amamentar. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo realizado de outubro a dezembro de 2003 em Fortaleza-CE. Foram entrevistadas por meio de entrevista semi-estruturada cinco gestantes e oito puérperas soropositivas para HIV. De acordo com os achados, as gestantes e puérperas expressaram que a maternidade estaria completa se efetivassem o ato da amamentação. Mencionaram que o motivo de não amamentar lhes acarreta culpa, frustrações, sofrimentos, desejos interrompidos, impotência e sonhos desfeitos. Contudo, também exprimiram sentimentos de indiferença diante do fato pontual de não amamentar. Conclui-se que as mulheres com HIV manifestaram dificuldades físicas, econômicas e psicológicas ante a não amamentação...
This study aimed at investigating the feeling of pregnant and post-partum women HIV bearers for not being able to breastfeed. It is a qualitative study held from October to December 2003, in Fortaleza - CE. Five pregnant and eight post-partum women HIV bearers were interviewed through a semi-structured interview. The results show that pregnant and puerperal women think that maternity would be complete if they could breastfeed. They said that the fact they cannot breastfeed brings guilt, frustration, suffering, unfulfilled wishes, impotence and destroyed dreams. However, they also show indifference to the important fact of not breastfeeding. It is concluded that the women with HIV manifested physical, economical and psychological difficulties because of the not breastfeeding...
Investigación entre las mujeres embarazadas y parturientes portadoras de VIH sobre cuales son los sentimientos que vivenciam por el hecho de no poder amamantar. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo realizado desde octubre hasta diciembre del 2003 en Fortaleza-Ceará. Fueron aplicadas entrevistas semi-estructuradas a cinco mujeres gestantes y ocho parturientes portadoras de VIH. Los resultados señalaron que las mujeres gestantes y las parturientes expresan que la maternidad seria completa se fuera efetivo el acto de amamentamiento. Mencionaron que el motivo de no amamantar les produce sentimientos: culpa, frustraciones, sufrimiento, deseos interrumpidos, imposibilidad y sueños no realizados. Sin embargo, también, expresaran sentimiento de indiferencia delante del hecho puntual de no amamantar. Concluimos que las mujeres con VIH manifestaron las dificultades físicas, barata y psicológicas antes de no amamantar...
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , HIV , Breast Feeding , Emotions , Stress, Psychological , Behavioral Medicine , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , Puerperal Disorders/immunology , Puerperal Disorders/psychologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To compare the cellular and humoral factors in colostrum from HIV infected and uninfected lactating mothers. DESIGN: Cross sectional study. SETTING: Maternity Ward. METHODS: Colostrum was collected from 130 mothers (62 HIV seropositives and 68 HIV seronegatives). These colostrum samples were tested for total cell count, cell viability, differential count, phagocytic activity of macrophages, 'T' cell counts, IgA, IgM and IgG levels. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant decrease in the phagocytosis and 'T' cell number (p <0.001) and in the IgA and IgG levels (p<0. 05) in the colostrum obtained from HIV seropositive mothers as compared to HIV seronegative ones. CONCLUSION: Some of the cellular and humoral factors are reduced in colostrum samples obtained from HIV seropositives as compared to normals.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Breast Feeding , Case-Control Studies , Colostrum/chemistry , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , HIV Antibodies/analysis , HIV Infections/immunology , HIV Seronegativity/immunology , Humans , Immunoglobulin A/analysis , Immunoglobulin G/analysis , Immunoglobulin M/analysis , Lymphocyte Count , Macrophages/immunology , Phagocytosis/immunology , Puerperal Disorders/immunology , T-LymphocytesABSTRACT
Autoimmune postpartum thyroiditis (PPT) has been thought of as one of the organ-specific autoimmune diseases. The present study was designed to investigate whether the immunological changes during the postpartum period might induce this disease, by comparing the circulating lymphocyte subsets and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) between normal postpartum women and PPT patients. The results were as follows: 1) No significant differences in the circulating total T lymphocyte population, or suppressor T lymphocyte subsets, or in Th/Ts ratio were found among 25 PPT patients, 11 normal postpartum women and 11 normal non-pregnant women. 2) In PPT patients, helper T lymphocyte subsets were fewer in proportion than those of normal postpartum or non-pregnant women. However, B lymphocyte population (19.7 +/- 7.8%) and ADCC activity (.41 +/- 13) in PPT patients were comparable to those in normal postpartum women (18.3 +/- 4.8%, .42 +/- .11), although they were significantly greater than those in normal normal non-pregnant women (13.3 +/- 5.9%, .29 +/- .07). In conclusion, the enhancement of immune activities observed in PPT patients was comparable to that in normal postpartum women, suggesting that some other causative or triggering factors might be responsible for the occurrence of this disease.