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1.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 90(6): 657-661, dic. 2019. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1058197

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: La Neumonía Eosinofílica (NE) es una entidad muy poco frecuente en pediatría y se caracteriza por infiltración de eosinófilos en el intersticio pulmonar y alveolar, pudiendo ser primaria o secundaria, así como también presentar un curso agudo o crónico. OBJETIVO: Presentar dos casos clínicos de NE diagnosticados en el período 2014-2017 en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos pediátricos. CASOS CLÍNICOS: Dos lactantes mayores, ambos con antecedente de madre asmática, hospitalizados por in suficiencia respiratoria y diagnóstico de neumonía viral en Clínica Indisa, Santiago, Chile. Ambos presentaron síndrome febril, imágenes de condensación persistentes en la radiografía de tórax y eosinofilia periférica en el transcurso de su enfermedad. Uno de ellos con requerimiento de oxígeno por más de un mes, sin eosinofilia en el lavado broncoalveolar (LBA), al que se le hizo el diagnóstico de NE por biopsia pulmonar. El otro niño requirió ventilación mecánica por 28 días y se hizo diag nóstico de NE por eosinofilia mayor a 20% en LBA. Los dos casos presentaron excelente respuesta a corticoides sistémicos. CONCLUSIÓN: La NE se debe sospechar en el niño con diagnóstico de neumonía con síntomas persistentes sin respuesta al tratamiento, habiéndose descartado otras causas, sobre todo si se asocia a eosinofilia periférica. El diagnostico de NE en pediatría se confirma por eosinofilia mayor a 20% en LBA y en algunos casos es necesaria la biopsia pulmonar.


INTRODUCTION: Eosinophilic Pneumonia (EP) is a very rare disorder in Pediatrics. It is characterized by the infiltra tion of eosinophils in the pulmonary and alveolar interstitium, and may be primary or secondary as well as present an acute or chronic progress. OBJECTIVE: to present 2 pediatric EP clinical cases which were diagnosed at the pediatric intensive care unit of Clinica Indisa in Santiago, Chile between 2014 and 2017. CLINICAL CASES: Two older infants, who were hospitalized due to respiratory failure with a diagnosis of viral pneumonia. Both have asthmatic mothers. Additionally, they both had febrile syn drome, persistent condensation images in the chest x-rays, and peripheral eosinophilia throughout the course of the disease. One of the infants required oxygen for more than one month, and there was no eosinophilia in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). In this case, the diagnosis of EP was reached via pulmonary biopsy. The other infant required mechanic ventilation for 28 days, and was diagnosed due to eosinophilia greater than 25% in the bronchoalveolar lavage. Both patients had excellent res ponse to systemic corticosteroids. CONCLUSION: After ruling out other causes, EP should be suspected in children with pneumonia diagnosis, and persistent symptoms that do not respond positively to treatment, especially if associated with peripheral eosinophilia. The diagnosis of EP in pediatrics is confirmed with eosinophilia greater than 20% in BAL and, in some cases, it is necessary to perform a lung biopsy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant , Pulmonary Eosinophilia/diagnosis , Oxygen/therapeutic use , Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis , Pulmonary Eosinophilia/pathology , Pulmonary Eosinophilia/diagnostic imaging , Respiration, Artificial , Respiratory Insufficiency/etiology , Biopsy , Bronchoalveolar Lavage , Lung/pathology
4.
Prensa méd. argent ; 99(2): 115-119, abr. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-699426

ABSTRACT

Strongyloidiasis, although uncommon in comparison with other major intestine nematodes, is widely distributed in the tropics and subtropics. Infection is acquired most commonly when infective larvae in soil come in contact with skin. Strongyloides stercoralis is unique among intestinal nematodes because of its ability to cause hyperinfection syndrome in the immunosuppressed host. Adult worms inhabit the upper small intestine, were the females burrow through the mucosa. Females deposit ova, which hatch into larvae. These organisms bore through the intestinal epithelium to the gut lumen and are passed with feces. Larvae in the outside environment can either molt and differentiate into free-living adult male and female worms. After penetration of skin or gut mucosa, larvae pass thourgh the circulation to the lungs, break into the alveolar spaces, ascend the trachea and are then swallowed to their final residence in the small bowel. massive larvae invasion of the lungs and other organs may occur, especially in immunocompromised patients. Over one third of patients infected with S. stercoralis have no symptoms. Local cutaneous manifestations include a pruritic, erythematous papular rush at the site of larvae penetration. With pulmonary migration of larvae, a Loffer's syndrome (transient, spontaneously resolving pulmonary infiltrates with peripheral blood eosinophilia, associated with a drug reaction or helminthic infestation) with cough, wheezing, pulmonary infiltration and eosinophilia can be observed. An illustrative female patient 46 years old with this pathology, is decribed and reported in the article.


Subject(s)
Female , Antiparasitic Agents , Duodenal Diseases , Pulmonary Eosinophilia/pathology , Host-Parasite Interactions , Infections , Strongyloides stercoralis
5.
Prensa méd. argent ; 99(2): 143-150, abr. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-699432

ABSTRACT

Since the initial description as an independent entity in 1989, there are various patients reported in the literature as suffering acute eosinophilic pneumonia. Despite its recognition as etiology of acute respiratory insufficiency, at present still remains weak the ability for diagnosis and treatment, in the opportune moment. The clinical features of a patient that followed algorthms of diagnosis, for acute repiratory insufficiency, are presented. The treatment employed is describe in the article.


Subject(s)
Aged , Environmental Pollutants/adverse effects , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Diagnosis, Differential , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis , Pulmonary Eosinophilia/diagnosis , Pulmonary Eosinophilia/pathology , Respiratory Insufficiency/diagnosis
6.
J. bras. pneumol ; 38(5): 595-604, set.-out. 2012. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-656011

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Determinar se um protocolo curto de sensibilização com ovalbumina subcutânea, sem adjuvante, induziria uma resposta pulmonar eosinofílica em pulmões de camundongos similar àquela encontrada em protocolos previamente estabelecidos. MÉTODOS: Fêmeas adultas de camundongos BALB/c foram randomizadas e divididas em grupos de acordo com o número de sensibilizações com ovalbumina e o número/dosagem de provocação intranasal. O protocolo curto (10 dias) consistiu de uma sensibilização e três provocações com ovalbumina (100 µg). A contagem total e diferencial de células no lavado broncoalveolar, o nível de peroxidase eosinofílica no tecido pulmonar e o exame histopatológico dos pulmões foram realizados 24 h após a última provocação. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferenças significativas entre os grupos em relação às variáveis estudadas. O protocolo curto, assim como os outros protocolos estudados, induziu uma resposta eosinofílica pulmonar semelhante àquela do grupo controle positivo. CONCLUSÕES: A sensibilização por ovalbumina subcutânea sem o uso de adjuvante resultou em uma significativa resposta pulmonar alérgica em ratos, mesmo no grupo de protocolo curto. Nossos achados sugerem que esse protocolo curto pode ser utilizado como teste pré-clínico de primeira linha para a pesquisa de novos fármacos, reduzindo custos e o tempo de observação.


OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a short-term protocol using subcutaneous sensitization with ovalbumin, without the use of adjuvants, would induce an eosinophilic response in the lungs of mice similar to that observed in previous, well-established protocols. METHODS: Adult female BALB/c mice were randomized and divided into groups according to the number of sensitizations with ovalbumin and the number/dosage of intranasal ovalbumin challenges. The short-term protocol (10 days) consisted of one sensitization with ovalbumin and three ovalbumin challenges (100 µg). Total and differential cell counts in BAL fluid, levels of eosinophil peroxidase in lung tissue, and histopathological examination of the lungs were performed 24 h after the last ovalbumin challenge. RESULTS: No significant differences were found among the groups regarding the variables studied. The short-term protocol, as well as the other protocols studied, induced an eosinophilic response similar to that obtained in the positive control. CONCLUSIONS: Subcutaneous sensitization with ovalbumin and without the use of adjuvants resulted in a significant allergic response in the lungs of mice, even in the short-term protocol group. Our findings suggest that this short-term protocol can be used as a first-line pre-clinical test for the study of new medications, reducing the costs and observation periods.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Mice , Asthma/pathology , Bronchial Hyperreactivity/pathology , Eosinophil Peroxidase/metabolism , Lung/pathology , Ovalbumin , Pulmonary Eosinophilia/immunology , Acute Disease , Asthma/enzymology , Bronchial Provocation Tests , Bronchial Hyperreactivity/enzymology , Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/cytology , Disease Models, Animal , Lung/enzymology , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Pulmonary Eosinophilia/pathology , Random Allocation
7.
J. bras. pneumol ; 34(3): 181-184, mar. 2008. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-479636

ABSTRACT

Os autores relatam o caso de uma paciente com estenose de uretra que desenvolveu pneumonia eosinofílica crônica secundária ao uso prolongado de nitrofurantoína como profilaxia para infecção urinária de repetição. A paciente havia sido submetida a uma biópsia pulmonar a céu aberto. É dada ênfase aos achados da tomografia computadorizada de alta resolução do tórax, já que, embora as alterações pulmonares associadas à toxicidade da nitrofurantoína geralmente sejam basais e bilaterais, no caso aqui descrito, as lesões de natureza interstício-alveolares situaram-se nas regiões subpleurais dos lobos superiores. Esses achados, por si só, são muito sugestivos de pneumonia eosinofílica crônica. O diagnóstico foi confirmado por meio da revisão da biópsia.


The authors report the case of a female patient who developed chronic eosinophilic pneumonia secondary to long-term use of nitrofurantoin for prophylaxis of recurrent urinary tract infections due to urethral stenosis. On high-resolution computed tomography scans, the pulmonary reaction to nitrofurantoin most commonly manifests as an interstitial-alveolar pattern in both lung bases. However, in this case, the alterations were most pronounced in the periphery of the upper lobes. In itself, this tomographic profile is strongly indicative of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia. The patient had previously been submitted to an open lung biopsy. The diagnosis of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia was confirmed through a review of the biopsy.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary/adverse effects , Lung Diseases, Interstitial/chemically induced , Nitrofurantoin/adverse effects , Pulmonary Eosinophilia/chemically induced , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Biopsy , Chronic Disease , Lung Diseases, Interstitial/pathology , Lung Diseases, Interstitial , Pulmonary Eosinophilia/pathology , Pulmonary Eosinophilia , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Urinary Tract Infections/prevention & control
8.
Rev. méd. hered ; 18(1): 39-44, ene.-mar. 2007. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-479949

ABSTRACT

Se presenta dos casos de neumonía eosinofílica idiopática, uno crónico y otro agudo. En el caso clínico 1 se realizó una confirmación anatomopatológica de neumonía eosinofílica idiopática y en el caso clínico 2 se tuvo una neumonia eosinofílica aguda probable. Ambos presentaron tos, fiebre y disnea. El estudio radiográfico reveló lesiones alveolares bilaterales con tendencia a la consolidación. La marcada eosinofilia en sangre periférica fue un dato resaltante que facilitó el diagnóstico. Ambos casos tuvieron muy buena respuesta a la corticoterapia.(Rev Med Hered 2007;18:39-44).


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Pulmonary Eosinophilia/diagnosis , Pulmonary Eosinophilia/pathology , Pulmonary Eosinophilia/therapy
9.
J. pneumol ; 28(5): 281-284, set.-out. 2002. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-352742

ABSTRACT

Pneumonia eosinofílica crônica é uma entidade clínica rara que se caracteriza por infiltração alveolar e intersticial eosinofílica, de causa desconhecida. Os autores descrevem o caso de uma mulher branca de 49 anos, admitida por dispnéia aos mínimos esforços, de início insidioso e progressivo havia seis meses. Apresentava eosinofilia sérica e no escarro, radiografias de tórax com áreas de infiltração multifocais de distribuição irregular em ambos os pulmões e, na avaliação funcional pulmonar, distúrbio restritivo. O exame histopatológico de tecido pulmonar obtido por biópsia a céu aberto evidenciou pneumonia eosinofílica crônica. Houve marcada melhora clínica, radiológica e funcional após corticoterapia


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Pulmonary Eosinophilia/pathology , Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use , Prednisone/therapeutic use , Biopsy , Chronic Disease , Pulmonary Eosinophilia/drug therapy
10.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 2(1): 40-4, jan.-fev. 1992.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-102969

ABSTRACT

Uma atualizaçäo sobre alguns dos aspectos mais expressivos das miocardiopatias restritivas é apresentada. Ela é conceituada como doença cardíaca de causas ainda inteiramente näo conhecidads, mas com um aspecto patológico fundamental - enriquecimento do endo e subendocárdiom por alteraçöes basicamente do colágeno e das estruturas adjacentes. Há, portanto, endurecimento interno uni ou biventricular do coraçäo, com as conseqüências esperadas, especialmente a insuficiência cardíaca congestiva, de término quase que inevitavelmente fatal. Optando-se como classificaçäo e núcleo básico da temática pelo relatório expedido pela OMS, em 1984, deu-se ênfase particular à endomiocardiofibrose (EMF) e e à doença de Lffler. Ambas apresentam similitudes e discordâncias, embora terminem em situaçöes muito análogas e com irreversível insuficiência cardíaca. As semelhanças e diferenças säo analisadas e discutidas no artigo. A maioria dos autores, dedicados ao estudo das miocardiopatias, consideram-nas uma forma mais ou menos grave e progessiva da mesma doença. Consideraçöes especiais e comparativas sobre a EMF e doença de Löffler em seus variados aspectos säo estudadas


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive , Endomyocardial Fibrosis , Pulmonary Eosinophilia , Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive/complications , Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive/epidemiology , Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive/pathology , Endomyocardial Fibrosis/complications , Endomyocardial Fibrosis/epidemiology , Endomyocardial Fibrosis/pathology , Pulmonary Eosinophilia/complications , Pulmonary Eosinophilia/pathology
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