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1.
Rev. cub. inf. cienc. salud ; 30(3): e1382, jul.-set. 2019.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1093077

ABSTRACT

Encontrar estrategias costo-efectivas para la rehabilitación y la educación del paciente con paraplejia, basado en sus necesidades, es menester para su abordaje integral, así como para la disminución de costos directos e indirectos. La telemedicina podría ser una herramienta adecuada. Este trabajo se propuso realizar una revisión crítica de la literatura sobre la utilidad de la telemedicina para la rehabilitación y el manejo del paciente con paraplejia, en el contexto de la Atención Primaria de Salud. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos PubMed, Medline y EMBASE, con descriptores tipo MeSH y DeCS. No se aplicó ningún filtro de temporalidad, idioma o grupo etario. Se reunieron 134 artículos. El criterio de búsqueda y de selección se basó en los elementos PICO. Luego del análisis de contenido de cada uno, se escogieron 29 artículos. El análisis crítico de la literatura se realizó por medio de los elementos PRISMA. La telemedicina y la telerrehabilitación son herramientas que pudieran ser útiles para pacientes parapléjicos o cuadripléjicos; sin embargo, no existe literatura ni evidencia sobre este tipo de intervenciones en esta población. Intervenciones en pacientes con enfermedades neurológicas diferentes a la paraplejia muestran que potencialmente la telemedicina podría tener beneficios y reducir costos en la rehabilitación. Las herramientas tecnológicas y de telemedicina en pacientes parapléjicos podrían favorecer potencialmente su rehabilitación y el uso eficiente de los recursos; no obstante, es necesaria la realización de estudios en el área, para determinar el beneficio real de la telemedicina como estrategia de Atención Primaria de Salud en el paciente con paraplejia y cuadriplejia(AU)


Finding cost-effective strategies for the rehabilitation and education of patients with paraplegia, based on their needs, is necessary for their comprehensive approach, as well as for the reduction of direct and indirect costs. The objective of this work was to perform a critical review of the literature on the usefulness of telemedicine for the rehabilitation and management of patients with paraplegia, in the context of Primary Health Care. A review of the literature in the PubMed, Medline and EMBASE databases was performed with MeSH and DeCS type descriptors. No filter of temporality, language or age group was applied. 134 articles were collected. The searching and selection criteria were based on the PICO elements; after the content analysis of each one, 29 articles were chosen. The critical analysis of the literature was carried out through the PRISMA elements. Telemedicine and telerehabilitation are tools that could be useful for paraplegic or quadriplegic patients; however, there is no literature or evidence on this type of interventions in this population. Interventions in patients with neurological diseases other than paraplegia show that telemedicine could potentially have benefits and reduce rehabilitation costs. The technological and telemedicine tools in paraplegic patients could potentially favor their rehabilitation and efficient use of resources; however, studies in the area are necessary to determine the real benefit of telemedicine as a care strategy primary health in the patient with paraplegia and quadriplegia(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Paraplegia/therapy , Primary Health Care , Quadriplegia/therapy , Medical Informatics Applications , Telemedicine , Disabled Persons/rehabilitation , Exercise Therapy/methods , Neurological Rehabilitation/methods , eHealth Strategies
2.
Rev. Pesqui. (Univ. Fed. Estado Rio J., Online) ; 9(1): 289-296, jan.-mar. 2017. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-836339

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: realizar uma busca das produções científicas publicadas a respeito da importância dos exercícios físicos na promoção do cuidar multidimensional ao indivíduo paraplégico ou quadriplégico, assim como investigar os conhecimentos da enfermagem sobre o benefício de tais atividades e esclarecer a atuação do enfermeiro na assistência a pessoa paraplégica ou tetraplégica. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, realizada nas bases de dados LILACS, SciELO, MEDLINE, BDENF e portal da CAPES, correspondendo aos anos de 2004 a 2014. Resultados: Os pacientes acometidos por lesão medular apresentam déficits de cuidado e autocuidado. Dessa maneira, constatou-se que a prática de exercícios oferece diversos benefícios incluindo os biopsicossociais. Conclusão: Percebe-se que a prática dos exercícios físicos ainda não tem sua efetivação, contudo é importante o conhecimento da enfermagem sobre estes exercícios, bem como benefícios, a fim de nortear os familiares e prestar uma assistência de qualidade.


Objective: to conduct a search of published scientific works about the importance of exercise in promoting multidimensional care for the paraplegic or quadriplegic individual, as well as to investigate the knowledge of nursing about the benefit of such activities and to clarify the role of the nurse in assisting the person paraplegic or quadriplegic. Methods: This is an integrative review, conducted in the databases LILACS, SciELO, MEDLINE, BDENF e CAPES portal, corresponding to the years from 2004 to 2014. Results: Patients affected by spinal cord injury have deficits of care and self-care. Thus it was found that exercise offers many benefits including biopsychosocial. Conclusion: It was observed that the practice of physical exercise does not yet have effectiveness, however, it is important that nurses know about these benefits to guide the patients’ family members in the provision of quality care.


Objetivo: realizar una búsqueda de trabajos científicos publicados sobre la importancia del ejercicio en la promoción de la atención multidimensional para el individuo parapléjico o tetrapléjico, así como investigar el conocimiento de enfermería sobre el beneficio de tales actividades y aclarar el papel de la enfermera en la asistencia a la persona parapléjicoo tetrapléjico. Métodos: Se trata de una revisión integradora, llevado acabo en las bases de datos de las LILACS, SciELO, MEDLINE, BDENF y portal CAPES, correspondientes a los años de 2004 a 2014. Resultados: Los pacientes afectados por lesiones de la médula espinal tienen déficit de atención y cuidado de sí mismos. Así, se encontró que el ejercicio ofrece muchos beneficios, incluyendo biopsicosociales. Conclusión: Se observóque la práctica de ejercicio físico aún no ha su eficacia, sin embargo, es importante que las enfermeras saben acerca de estos beneficios para orientar sus familiares y proporcionar una atención de calidad.


Subject(s)
Humans , Nursing Care , Review Literature as Topic , Paraplegia/nursing , Paraplegia/rehabilitation , Paraplegia/therapy , Quadriplegia/nursing , Quadriplegia/rehabilitation , Quadriplegia/therapy , Exercise Therapy , Exercise Movement Techniques , Brazil
3.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 22(1): 123-134, jan. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-839914

ABSTRACT

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a qualidade de vida de cuidadores familiares de adultos com lesão medular. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática por dois pesquisadores, de forma independente, dos artigos publicados no período de 2000 a 2014, utilizando os descritores quality of life and caregivers or family and spinal cord, em português, inglês e espanhol. A busca foi conduzida na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e no United States National Library of Medicine (PubMED). Os cuidadores de tetraplégicos apresentam pior qualidade de vida em relação aos paraplégicos. As mudanças na qualidade de vida dos cuidadores não foram significativas ao longo do tempo. Resultados diferentes foram observados ao comparar cuidadores de adultos com lesão medular e indivíduos saudáveis. Os fatores que influenciaram negativamente na qualidade de vida dos cuidadores foram presença de doença crônica; maior tempo de cuidado, idade e número de filhos; e menor nível de escolaridade. É necessário o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas de saúde e elaboração de estratégias de intervenção mais abrangentes que incluam não apenas o paciente, mas também o cuidador.


Abstract The scope of this study was to analyze the quality of life of family caregivers of adults with spinal cord injury. Two researchers conducted a systematic review independently, based on articles published between 2000 to 2014, using the key words quality of life and caregivers or family and spinal cord, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. The search was conducted in the Virtual Health Library (BVS) and the United States National Library of Medicine (PubMED) databases. Caregivers of tetraplegics have a worse quality of life than caregivers of paraplegics. Changes in the quality of life for the caregivers were not significant over time. Different results were observed when comparing caregivers of adults with spinal cord injury and healthy subjects. Factors that negatively influence the quality of life of caregivers were the presence of chronic disease; greater care time, age and number of children; and lower schooling level of caregivers. There is a need for public health policy development and preparation of more comprehensive intervention strategies that include not only the patient but also the caregiver.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Quality of Life , Spinal Cord Injuries/therapy , Caregivers/psychology , Paraplegia/psychology , Paraplegia/therapy , Quadriplegia/psychology , Quadriplegia/therapy , Spinal Cord Injuries/physiopathology , Time Factors , Family/psychology
4.
Rev. méd. hered ; 25(3): 149-152, jul. 2014.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-726216

ABSTRACT

La fisioterapia en pacientes con problemas neorológicos, mejora la capacidad funcional identificando limitaciones provocadas por la lesión aplicando técnicas kinésicas. Se describe los efectos de la fisioterapia en un paciente con cuadriplejía secundaria a ependimoma medular que no recibió tratamiento quirúrgico. La regulación del tono postural favoreció el control postural y el equilibrio en actividades en sedente y en cama. Se obtuvo independencia funcional en actividades básicas de la vida diaria...


Physiotherapy improves functional capacity in patients with neurologic involvement, identifying limitations induced by neurologic lesions and applying kinetic techniques. We describe the effects of physiotherapy in a patient with medullar ependymoma that did not undergo surgical intervention. Physiotherapy improved postural control and equilibrium achieving independent functionality in basic daily activities...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Quadriplegia/therapy , Ependymoma , Physical Therapy Modalities , Physical Therapy Modalities
5.
Clinics ; 67(11): 1265-1269, Nov. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-656715

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The standard therapy for patients with high-level spinal cord injury is long-term mechanical ventilation through a tracheostomy. However, in some cases, this approach results in death or disability. The aim of this study is to highlight the anesthetics and perioperative aspects of patients undergoing insertion of a diaphragmatic pacemaker. METHODS: Five patients with quadriplegia following high cervical traumatic spinal cord injury and ventilator-dependent chronic respiratory failure were implanted with a laparoscopic diaphragmatic pacemaker after preoperative assessments of their phrenic nerve function and diaphragm contractility through transcutaneous nerve stimulation. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01385384. RESULTS: The diaphragmatic pacemaker placement was successful in all of the patients. Two patients presented with capnothorax during the perioperative period, which resolved without consequences. After six months, three patients achieved continuous use of the diaphragm pacing system, and one patient could be removed from mechanical ventilation for more than 4 hours per day. CONCLUSIONS: The implantation of a diaphragmatic phrenic system is a new and safe technique with potential to improve the quality of life of patients who are dependent on mechanical ventilation because of spinal cord injuries. Appropriate indication and adequate perioperative care are fundamental to achieving better results.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Anesthesia/methods , Diaphragm , Electric Stimulation Therapy/methods , Pacemaker, Artificial , Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Spinal Cord Injuries , Laparoscopy/methods , Perioperative Period , Perioperative Care/methods , Quadriplegia/therapy , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
6.
Int. j. morphol ; 26(4): 809-812, Dec. 2008. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-532975

ABSTRACT

During sessions of physical therapy, a tetraplegic patient with incomplete spinal cord section at C5 level was found to have changes in the posture post intervention. The therapy consisted of tactile stimulation in specific points of his body to generate reflex patterns of muscle activation (Vojta therapy principies). To quantify these postural changes in the subject, the center of pressure displacement in sitting posture was measured. An analysis of the changes observed in postural control through fourteen months of follow-up is presented and discussed in the report bellow.


Durante las sesiones de terapia física, en un paciente tetrapléjico con sección incompleta de la médula espinal a nivel C5, se encontró que hubo cambios en la postura, posterior a la intervención. La terapia consistió en estimulación táctil en puntos específicos del cuerpo para generar patrones reflejos de activación muscular (principios de la terapia Vojta). Para cuantificar estos cambios de postura en el sujeto, se midió el desplazamiento del centro de gravedad en la posición sentada. Un análisis de las variaciones observadas en el control postural, a través de catorce meses de seguimiento, se presentan y discuten en el siguiente informe.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Postural Balance/physiology , Quadriplegia/therapy , Physical Stimulation/methods , Posture/physiology , Touch , Quadriplegia/physiopathology , Quadriplegia/rehabilitation , Psychomotor Performance/physiology , Follow-Up Studies , Pressure , Reflex/physiology , Treatment Outcome
7.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 23(2): 106-116, jun. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-490425

ABSTRACT

Respiratory complications are the first cause of death in patients with tetraplegia, including both the acute and chronic stage of the disease. They include a wide variety of respiratory problems, such as repeated pneumonias, atelectasis, unsatisfactory secretions manage, respiratory failure, hypoventilation, and other complex pathologies such as pulmonary embolism and sleep apnea syndrome. It has been postulated that the main cause of all these respiratory complications is weakness of inter costais and abdominal muscles, and partial or complete dysfunction of the diaphragm. Today we have multiple therapeutic alternatives to prevent, manage and specifically treat the multiple types of complications. The main objective of this article is to review the different therapeutical alternatives and encourage the study of this important topic.


Las complicaciones respiratorias son la principal causa de muerte en los pacientes con tetraplejia, tanto en el período agudo como crónico. En esta categoría se incluyen diversas alteraciones como neumonías recurrentes, atelectasias, mal manejo de las secreciones, insuficiencia respiratoria e hipoventilación. Además, son frecuentes patologías más complejas como el tromboembolismo pulmonar y la apnea obstructiva del sueño. Se postula que las causas principales de los problemas respiratorios son la debilidad de los músculos intercostales y abdominales, y la disfunción parcial o total del diafragma. Hoy en día existen múltiples alternativas terapéuticas para prevenir, manejar y tratar en forma específica las diversas complicaciones. El propósito de este artículo es revisar las opciones terapéuticas actualmente vigentes y despertar el interés entre los clínicos para profundizar más en este importante tema.


Subject(s)
Humans , Quadriplegia/complications , Quadriplegia/therapy , Respiration Disorders/etiology , Respiration Disorders/therapy , Bronchodilator Agents/therapeutic use , Aminopyridines/therapeutic use , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/etiology , Quadriplegia/rehabilitation , Electric Stimulation , Pulmonary Embolism/etiology , Hydrotherapy , Respiratory Muscles/physiopathology , Respiration, Artificial , Respiration, Artificial , Tobacco Use Disorder/adverse effects , Theophylline/therapeutic use
8.
Reabilitar ; 8(31): 47-54, abr.-jun. 2006. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-468035

ABSTRACT

Polineuropatias periféricas são termos que descrevem síndromes surgidas após lesões dos nervos periféricos. Dentre várias formas de polineuropatias, destacam-se as tóxicas por organofosforados, com- postos químicos, utilizados como inseticidas, que ocasionam uma neuropatia crônica de caráter axonal ou desmielinizante. Os principais sintomas localizam-se nas extremidades dos membros e os sinais são motores, sensitivos, autonômicos e mistos. Essa pesquisa caracterizou- se por ser do tipo experimental, com design quasi-experimental. A amostra foi do tipo restritiva, constando de um indivíduo do sexo masculino, 16 anos, residente no interior do RN, com diagnóstico de polineuropatia tóxica axonal e quadro clínico de tetraplegia e paralisia facial periférica. A pesquisa foi realizada na Fisioterapia da Universidade Potiguar e teve como propósito elaborar e implementar um programa de tratamento fisioterápico para um paciente com polineuropatia tóxica por uso de Imizol, verificando seus benefícios. Os resultados dessa pesquisa constataram que a fisioterapia atenuou a gravidade do quadro, pro- moveu sua reabilitação precocemente, e minimizou seqÜelas advindas dessa patologia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Insecticides, Organophosphate/adverse effects , Physical Therapy Modalities , Polyneuropathies/rehabilitation , Polyneuropathies/therapy , Case Reports , Insecticides, Organophosphate , Polyneuropathies/etiology , Quadriplegia/therapy
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