ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND@#The incidence of symptomatic radiation pneumonitis (RP) and its relationship with dose-volume histogram (DVH) parameters in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) and concurrent once-daily thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) remain unclear. We aim to analyze the values of clinical factors and dose-volume histogram (DVH) parameters to predict the risk for symptomatic RP in these patients.@*METHODS@#Between 2011 and 2019, we retrospectively analyzed and identified 85 patients who had received EGFR-TKIs and once-daily TRT simultaneously (EGFR-TKIs group) and 129 patients who had received concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT group). The symptomatic RP was recorded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Event (CTCAE) criteria (grade 2 or above). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 26.0.@*RESULTS@#In total, the incidences of symptomatic (grade≥2) and severe RP (grade≥3) were 43.5% (37/85) and 16.5% (14/85) in EGFR-TKIs group vs 27.1% (35/129) and 10.1% (13/129) in CCRT group respectively. After 1:1 ratio between EGFR-TKIs group and CCRT group was matched by propensity score matching, chi-square test suggested that the incidence of symptomatic RP in the MATCHED EGFR-TKIs group was higher than that in the matched CCRT group (χ2=4.469, P=0.035). In EGFR-TKIs group, univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that the percentage of ipsilateral lung volume receiving ≥30 Gy (ilV30) [odds ratio (OR): 1.163, 95%CI: 1.036-1.306, P=0.011] and the percentage of total lung volume receiving ≥20 Gy (tlV20) (OR: 1.171, 95%CI: 1.031-1.330, P=0.015), with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or not (OR: 0.158, 95%CI: 0.041-0.600, P=0.007), were independent predictors of symptomatic RP. Compared to patients with lower ilV30/tlV20 values (ilV30 and tlV20<cut-off point values) and without COPD, patients with higher ilV30/tlV20 values (ilV30 and tlV20>cut-off point values) and COPD had a significantly higher risk for developing symptomatic RP, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.350 (95%CI: 1.190-1.531, P<0.001).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Patients receiving both EGFR-TKIs and once-daily TRT were more likely to develop symptomatic RP than patients receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy. The ilV30, tlV20, and comorbidity of COPD may predict the risk of symptomatic RP among NSCLC patients receiving EGFR-TKIs and conventionally fractionated TRT concurrently.
Subject(s)
Humans , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/radiotherapy , ErbB Receptors/genetics , Lung Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/adverse effects , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications , Radiation Pneumonitis/etiology , Radiotherapy Dosage , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI), including acute radiation pneumonitis and chronic radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF), is a side effect of radiotherapy for lung cancer and esophageal cancer. Pulmonary macrophages, as a kind of natural immune cells maintaining lung homeostasis, play a key role in the whole pathological process of RILI. In the early stage of RILI, classically activated M1 macrophages secrete proinflammatory cytokines to induce inflammation and produce massive reactive oxygen species (ROS) through ROS-induced cascade to further impair lung tissue. In the later stage of RILI, alternatively activated M2 macrophages secrete profibrotic cytokines to promote the development of RIPF. The roles of macrophage in the pathogenesis of RILI and the related potential clinical applications are summarized in this review.
Subject(s)
Humans , Lung/radiation effects , Lung Injury/physiopathology , Macrophages/metabolism , Radiation Injuries , Radiation Pneumonitis/etiology , Radiotherapy/adverse effectsABSTRACT
We report a 64 years-old woman who underwent sparing mastectomy with adjuvant radiotherapy for breast cancer. One month after the end of radiotherapy, she presented with malaise, fever, fatigue, cough and migratory bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on serial radiological images. The microbiological studies of broncha alveolar lavage were negative. The patient under went a trans bronchial biopsy and the pathological diagnosis was compatible with an organizing pneumonia presumably associated with radiotherapy. Systemic steroid treatment was successful with rapid and complete resolution ofclinical and radiographic manifestations.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia/etiology , Radiation Pneumonitis/etiology , Breast Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Radiotherapy, Adjuvant/adverse effectsABSTRACT
This is a prospective study included 30 patients with primary breast cancer who had modified radical mastectomy and postoperative radiation therapy to peripheral lymphatics and chest wall that had ben evaluated/or radiation pneumonitis [RP]. The assessment was done using clinical, radiographic [CXR] scintigraphic and pulmonry function tests for both pre and post-irradiation evaluation, the incidence of [RP] was 3.3%. However, the incidence of asymptomatic lung damage was 16.6% as evidenced by CXR and 13.3% evidenced in ventillation/perfusion [V/O] defects, as for pulmonary function [PFT] tests there were global affection of ventilation and per fusion data which is more marked in patients with abnormal radiographs and pulmonary scintigraphy [V/Q] defects. Risk factors for developing [RP] as well as asymptomatic lung damage were central lung distance [CLD] more than 3 cm, a lung volume in tangential field of more than 20% and the use of concurrent RT with CT. Lung damage should be monitored not only with plain radiographs