Radiodermatites: Análise dos Fatores Preditivos em Pacientes com Câncer de Mama / Radiodermatitis: Analysis of Predictive Factors in Breast Cancer Patients / Radiodermatitis: Análisis de Factores Predictivos en Pacientes con Cáncer de Mama

Introdução: A radioterapia é uma das modalidades terapêuticas de escolha para os tratamentos adjuvante e neoadjuvante, em pacientes com câncer de mama. Tal modalidade provoca reação de pele dolorosa conhecida como radiodermatite. Objetivo: Avaliar os fatores associados com o aparecimento de radiodermite após radioterapia e a sua associação com o maior grau de toxicidade nesses pacientes. Método: Estudo retrospectivo, com 117 pacientes com de câncer de mama submetidos à radioterapia conformacional 3D, entre 2016 a 2018, em doses variáveis. Dados pessoais foram coletados a partir de prontuário, e o grau de radiodermite estabelecido segundo os critérios do grupo de oncologia radioterápica. O total de 15 potenciais preditivos foram elencados e analisados por estatísticas univariada e multivariada. Resultados: A população do estudo apresentou uma média de 50 anos, 47% relataram alguma comorbidade, 59,83% realizaram cirurgia radical e 81,19% desenvolveram radiodermite. Observou-se, em análise multivariada, associação do desenvolvimento de radiodermite com maiores doses da radiação (p=0,011) e com uso de bólus diário (p=0,009). Conclusão: As principais variáveis que culminaram em maiores graus de radiodermite foram a dose da radiação e o uso de bólus diário. Categorizando os fatores preditivos, identificam-se o paciente com maior risco de lesões graves e a possibilidade da criação de protocolos mais eficazes na prevenção das radiodermatites.

Introduction: Radiotherapy is one of the therapeutic modalities chosen for adjuvant and neoadjuvant treatment in patients with breast cancer. This modality causes a painful skin reaction known as radiodermatitis. Objective:To evaluate the factors related with the appearance of radiodermatitis after radiotherapy and their relationship with the highest degree of toxicity in patients with breast cancer. Method: Retrospective study, with 117 patients with breast cancer submitted to 3D conformational radiotherapy between 2016 and 2018, at variable doses. Personal data were collected from medical records, and the degree of radiodermatitis established according to the criteria of the Radiation Oncology Group. The total of 15 predictive factors in potential were listed and later analyzed by univariate and multivariate statistics. Results: The study population presented an average of 50 years, 47% reported some comorbidities, 59.83% underwent radical surgery and 81.19% developed radiodermatitis. In a multivariate analysis, there was an association between development of radiodermatitis and higher doses of radiation (p=0.011) and daily bolus use (p=0.009). Conclusion:The main elements that culminated in higher degrees of radiodermatitis were the dose of radiation and the use of daily bolus. By categorizing the predictive factors, we can identify the patient with the highest risk of severe skin lesions and enables the creation of more effective protocols for the prevention of radiodermatitis.

Introducción: La radioterapia es una modalidad terapéutica para tratamiento adyuvante y neoadyuvante, en pacientes con cáncer de mama. Tal modalidad provoca reacción de piel dolorosa conocida como radiodermatitis. Objetivo: Evaluar factores conexos con la aparición de radiodermatitis tras la radioterapia y su asociación con el mayor grado de toxicidad. Método: Estudio retrospectivo, con 117 pacientes con cáncer de mama sometidos a la Radioterapia Conformacional 3D entre 2016 a 2018. Los datos personales fueron recolectados a partir de prontuario, así como el grado de radiodermatitis establecido según los criterios del grupo de oncología radioterápica. El total de 15 potencial predictivos fueron enumerados y posteriormente analizados por estadística univariana y multivariada. Resultados: La población del estudio presentó un promedio de 50 años, el 47% informó de algunas comorbilidades, el 59,83% se sometió a cirugía radical y el 81,19% desarrolló radiodermatitis. En un análisis multivariado, hubo una asociación entre el desarrollo de radiodermatitis y dosis más altas de radiación (p=0.011) y el uso diario de bolos (p=0.009). Conclusión: Las principales variables que culminaron en mayores grados de radiodermatitis fueron la dosis de radiación y el uso de bolos diarios. Al categorizar los factores predictivos, podemos identificar al paciente con el mayor riesgo de lesiones cutáneas graves y permitir la creación de protocolos más efectivos para la prevención de la radiodermatitis.

Fluoroscopy-induced Subacute Radiation Dermatitis in Patient with Hepatocellular Carcinoma / 대한소화기학회지

Radiation dermatitis can develop after fluoroscopy-guided interventional procedures. Cases of fluoroscopy-induced radiation dermatitis have been reported since 1996, mostly documented in the fields of radiology, cardiology and dermatology. Since diagnosis and treatment of fluoroscopy-induced radiation dermatitis can be difficult, high grade of suspicion is required. The extent of this reaction is determined by radiation dose, duration of exposure, type of procedure, and host factors and can be aggravated by concomitant use of photosensitizers. Follow-up is important after long and complicated procedures and efforts to minimize radiation exposure time will be necessary to prevent radiation dermatitis. Herein, we report a case of a 58-year-old man with hepatocellular carcinoma presenting with subacute radiation dermatitis after prolonged fluoroscopic exposure during transarterial chemoembolization and chemoport insertion. Physicians should be aware that fluoroscopy is a potential cause of radiation dermatitis.

Prophylactic beclomethasone spray to the skin during postoperative radiotherapy of carcinoma breast: a prospective randomized study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Radiation induced wet desquamation of skin in carcinoma breast patients is a painful condition. In this study topical beclomethasone dipropionate spray was used as prophylaxis with the purpose of reducing risk of the wet desquamation of skin in irradiated field. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty patients of carcinoma breast were planned for postoperative loco regional radiotherapy (50 Gy in 25 fraction over five weeks) were prospectively randomized into two groups (1) steroid group-patients were advised to use beclomethasone dipropionate spray in irradiated axilla from day one of radiotherapy, (2) control group-patients were not allowed to use any topical agent in irradiated area. Radiation induced skin reaction was noted in terms of erythema, dry desquamation and wet desquamation weekly till end of prescribed 50 Gy dose of the radiation therapy. STATISTICAL METHOD: Chi-square test was used to see the statistical significance of the difference in wet desquamation between two arms of the study. Chi-square value and P-value was calculated for the difference of wet desquamation in two study arms. RESULT: In steroid group 4/30 (13.33%) patients developed wet desquamation of the axillary skin at the end of the radiotherapy. For the control group, this figure was 11/30 (36.66%). The difference in wet desquamation of the axillary skin in the two groups was statistically significant (P-value = 0.0369). CONCLUSION: Topical steroid (beclomethasone dipropionate spray) for skin during radiotherapy significantly reduces the risk of wet desquamation of the skin.

El método de la microcapilaroscopía y su utilización en el diagnóstico precoz de la radiodermatitis ocupacional / The microcapilaroscopy method and its usefulness in the early diagnosis of occupational radiodermites

Se describe el método de la microcapilaroscopia y se señala su aplicación como prueba auxiliar en el diagnóstico de una serie de enfermedades de la piel. Se resalta el valor que pudiera tener la utilización de este método en el diagnóstico precoz de las lesiones cutáneas en los dedos, producidas por radiaciones ionizantes en los trabajadores con alto riesgo de efectos no estocásticos. Consideramos que seria beneficioso realizar un estudio exploratorio en individuos de diferentes tipos de piel con el propósito de introducir esta técnica auxiliar de diagnóstico en nuestro país