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Rev. invest. clín ; 57(3): 447-456, may.-jun. 2005. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-632466

ABSTRACT

Prolactin (PRL) Is a 23 κDa protein hormone that is produced and secreted by the pituitary lactotrophs. Although PRL was initially regarded as an exclusive pituitary hormone, many nonpituitary tissues were later found to contain and produce this hormone. The most established extrapituitary sites that produce PRL are the decidua, the immune system, brain and endometrium. In the immune system, PRL acts as a cytokine where it plays an important role in human immune responses, including in autoimmune diseases. Here, we will discuss the regulation of PRL gene expression in human lymphocytes and review the functions of PRL made by the immune cells, including its involvement in autoimmunity.


La prolactina es una hormona que fue considerada durante mucho tiempo de origen exclusivamente hipofisario, y cuya función más importante era la promoción de la lactancia. Sin embargo, la prolactina no sólo se sintetiza en diversos sitios del organismo, sino que también participa en una amplia variedad de procesos biológicos. Dentro de los sitios de síntesis extrahipofisarios de esta hormona se encuentran diversas células del sistema inmunológico. A este nivel, la prolactina actúa afectando desde la proliferación celular hasta el estado inmune del individuo. En esta revisión presentamos algunos aspectos relativos a la prolactina de origen linfocitario tales como su síntesis, su participación en el sistema inmunológico y su relación con estados de autoinmunidad.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Mice , Immune System/physiology , Prolactin/physiology , Autocrine Communication , Autoimmune Diseases/metabolism , Autoimmunity/physiology , Cell Differentiation/physiology , Disease Models, Animal , Gene Expression Regulation , Leukocytes/metabolism , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/metabolism , Lymphocytes/metabolism , Mice, Inbred NZB , Paracrine Communication , Pituitary Gland, Anterior/metabolism , Pituitary Gland, Anterior , Prolactin/genetics , Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics , Receptors, Cytokine/physiology , Receptors, Prolactin/metabolism , Transcription, Genetic
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