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1.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 80(1): 30-34, Jan.-Feb. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-838766

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the retinal vascularization process after intravitreal ranibizumab was administered to infants with aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity (AP-ROP). Methods: Twenty-six eyes of 13 infants with AP-ROP who received 0.25 mg intravitreal ranibizumab were retrospectively investigated. The patients were evaluated at weekly follow-up visits, and the findings were analyzed after retinal vascularization was complete. Results: The results showed regression in the AP-ROP of all the patients within the first 48-72 h. Average time for complete vascularization of the nasal quadrant (zone II) was postmenstrual week 45 (range 41-56), and vascularization of the temporal quadrant (zone III) was completed in the postmenstrual week 56 (range 50-65). Reactivation was observed in seven patients, on average at postmenstrual week 42; two of these patients underwent additional treatment. Two patients presented with avascular areas in the peripheral retina despite being 1 year old. Conclusion: These results showed that retinal vascularization following intravitreal ranibizumab was completed after a delay in patients with AP-ROP. Further studies are necessary to evaluate when and how vascularization occurs after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatments.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o processo de vascularização da retina após injeção intravítrea de ranibizumab aplicada em crianças com retinopatia da prematuridade posterior agressiva (AP-ROP). Métodos: Vinte e seis olhos de 13 crianças com AP-ROP que receberam 0,25 mg de ranibizumab intravítreo foram investigados retrospectivamente. Os resultados foram avaliados após a completa vascularização da retina, observada em acompanhamentos semanais. Resultados: Verificou-se que houve regressão na AP-ROP de todos os pacientes durante as primeiras 48 a 72 horas. Na média, a vascularização do quadrante nasal (zona II) foi concluída na semana 45 pós-menstrual (variação 41-56), enquanto a vascularização do quadrante temporal (zona III) foi concluída na semana 56 pós-menstrual (variação 50-65). Sete pacientes (7/13) apresentaram reativação, que aconteceram em média a 42,14 semanas pós-menstruais, dois pacientes receberam tratamento adicional. Dois pacientes apresentaram áreas avasculares na retina periférica apesar de terem um ano de idade. Conclusões: O presente estudo mostrou que a vascularização da retina após a injeção intravítrea de ranibizumab foi concluída com atraso na AP-ROP. Ensaios clínicos randomizados são necessários para avaliar quando e como a vascularização acontece após tratamentos com injeções intravítreas de anti-VEGF.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Retinopathy of Prematurity/drug therapy , Retinal Neovascularization/drug therapy , Ranibizumab/therapeutic use , Recurrence , Infant, Premature , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Gestational Age , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Intravitreal Injections
2.
Bogotá; IETS; mayo 2016. tab, graf, ilus.
Monography in Spanish | BRISA, LILACS | ID: biblio-846584

ABSTRACT

Problema de investigación: Realizar el análisis de costo-efectividad del uso de ranibizumab comparado con \r\naflibercept y bevacizumab para pacientes con degeneración macular relacionada con la edad en Colombia. Tipo de evaluación económica: Evaluación económica descriptiva de tipo costo-efectividad. Población objetivo: \r\nPoblación con la condición de degeneración macular relacionada a la edad mayor de 50 años en Colombia. Intervención y comparadores: Intervención: ranibizumab.Comparadores: aflibercept y bevacizumab. Horizonte\r\ntemporal: 24 años. Perspectiva: La del Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud (SGSSS). Tasa de descuento: Es de 5% tanto para los costos como para los desenlaces de efectividad. Estructura del modelo: \r\nModelo de Markov de 6 estados con ciclos de 6 meses. Fuentes de datos de efectividad y seguridad: Ensayos clínicos. Desenlaces y valoración: Años de vida ajustados por calidad (AVAC). Costos incluidos: Costos de medicamentos, Costos de procedimientos e insumos. Fuentes de datos de costos: Consulta a proveedores, SISMED, Manual tarifario ISS 2001. Resultados del caso base: La razón de costo-efectividad de una cohorte con pacientes de 50 años de edad sometidos a un tratamiento durante 24 años para cada uno de los medicamentos es: bevacizumab Pro Re Nata $46.8millones/AVAC, bevacizumab mensual $46.1 Millones/AVAC, ranibizumab Pro Re Nata $64.7 millones/AVAC, ranibizumab mensual $64.4 Millones/AVAC, aflibercept Pro Re nata $64.3 Millones/AVAC y aflibercept mensual $63.3Millones/AVAC. Análisis de sensibilidad: Los análisis de sensibilidad llevados a cabo sobre la tasa de descuento evidencian que ninguno de estos parámetros modifica los resultados encontrados. dominancia del bevacizumab en un esquema de \r\ntratamiento mensual es dominante en todos los escenarios planteados demostrando ser un resultado robusto. Conclusiones y discusión: Los resultados de la evaluación indican que el ranibizumab no es costo-\r\nefectivo comparado con bevacizumab y con aflibercept mensual. El ranibizumab es costo-efectivo comparado \r\ncon aflibercept con tratamiento Pro Re nata.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Retinal Neovascularization/drug therapy , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Bevacizumab/administration & dosage , Ranibizumab/administration & dosage , Macular Degeneration/drug therapy , Health Evaluation/economics , Cost-Benefit Analysis/economics , Colombia , Biomedical Technology
4.
Journal of Ophthalmic and Vision Research. 2009; 4 (2): 105-114
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-91838

ABSTRACT

The introduction of pharmacotherapy has been one of the most important advances in the management of retinal disorders. Age-related macular degeneration [AMD] was once considered as an irrepressible disease leading to permanent macular damage, however anti-vascular endothelial growth factor [anti-VEGF] agents are now believed to halt the progression of the condition and improve vision in a considerable proportion of patients. Anti-VEGF agents are among the most commonly used drugs in ophthalmology but questions and uncertainties still surround their indications, efficacy and complications. This paper reviews the role of VEGF under physiologic and pathologic conditions in the eye and available anti-VEGF agents in current ophthalmic practice


Subject(s)
Humans , Macular Degeneration/drug therapy , Retinal Neovascularization/drug therapy , Glaucoma, Neovascular , Diabetic Retinopathy/drug therapy , Retinopathy of Prematurity , Retinal Vein Occlusion
5.
Gac. méd. Méx ; 144(3): 245-253, mayo-jun. 2008. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-568064

ABSTRACT

La angiogénesis patológica retiniana es la causa principal de pérdida visual en una gran cantidad de enfermedades: degeneración macular relacionada a la edad, retinopatía diabética y retinopatía del prematuro, en otras. Estas últimas dos son, además, problemas de salud pública en los países en desarrollo. Estudios recientes sobre la fisiopatología de estas enfermedades han demostrado el papel fundamental que los factores de crecimiento tienen sobre la angiogénesis. La terapia antiangiogénica ocular nació como un esfuerzo de inhibir la acción de estos factores sobre la angiogénesis patológica y preservar la visión. El objetivo de esta revisión es hacer un recuento de la experiencia en México en cuanto a esta modalidad terapéutica.


Retinal pathological angiogenesis is the leading cause of visual loss in a wide variety of ocular diseases. Some of the examples include: Age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and retinopathy associated with prematurity. These last two entities are, in addition, public health problems in developing countries. Recent physiopathological studies, have demonstrated that growth factors play a key role on angiogenesis. Anti-angiogenic therapy came about as an attempt to inhibit the action of growth factors over the process of pathological angiogenesis in order to preserve vision. The objective of this review is to describe Mexico's experience using this therapeutic approach.


Subject(s)
Humans , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Retinal Neovascularization/drug therapy , Choroidal Neovascularization/drug therapy , Algorithms , Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use , Mexico
7.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2007 Nov-Dec; 55(6): 417-20
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-69657

ABSTRACT

Bevacizumab is a full-length, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against all the biologically active isoforms of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A). The antibody was initially designed and studied as an anti-angiogenic strategy to treat a variety of solid tumors. After approval by the US Food and Drug Administration, bevacizumab gained access into ophthalmology to treat various types of neovascular diseases. Since the first report in 2005 more than 100 publications share the experience with bevacizumab in ophthalmology. Two authors independently assessed the research results from Pubmed to April 2007. The reference list is a selection of key publications related to the issue. Currently, there is no well-designed randomized controlled trial yet to establish the efficacy and safety of intraocular bevacizumab for any ocular disease in spite of its assumed characteristics representing the most cost-effective VEGF inhibitor.


Subject(s)
Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Animals , Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use , Choroidal Neovascularization/drug therapy , Drug Prescriptions , Humans , Ophthalmology/methods , Retinal Neovascularization/drug therapy , Treatment Outcome , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors
8.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 69(5): 756-765, set.-out. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-439328

ABSTRACT

Degeneração macular relacionada à idade (DRMI) é a principal causa de cegueira no mundo ocidental. Várias formas clínicas foram reconhecidas, e membrana neovascular coroideana (MNSR) representa manifestação importante passível de tratamento. O tratamento de MNSR tem sido um foco importante de pesquisa nas últimas décadas e a primeira terapia estabelecida baseada em evidência foi a fotocoagulação a laser, que reduziu o risco de perda visual em lesões extrafoveais. No fim da década de 90 a terapia fotodinâmica foi estabelecida como método eficiente de tratamento de MNSR predominantemente clássicas e ocultas. Terapias adicionais como a translocação macular, cirurgia submacular, e protrombose mediada por indocianina verde estão atualmente em investigação em ensaios clínicos em larga escala. A biologia molecular permitiu recentemente uma melhor compreensão da patogênese da DMRI e o fator de crescimento vascular endotelial foi reconhecido como um mediador-chave na angiogênese da formação de MNSR. Portanto, a abordagem farmacológica surge como opção terapêutica no tratamento da MNSR. O primeiro agente terapêutico aprovado pelo FDA é o aptâmero pegaptanib sódio (Macugen®), que inativa a isoforma fundamental para a angiogênese intra-ocular: VEGF165. Outros inativadores de VEGF como ranibizumab RhuFab V2 (Lucentis®) e bevacizumab (Avastin®) estão em avaliação em estudos clínicos. Resultados impressionantes de bevacizumab intravítreo foram liberados recentemente. Adicionalmente, o derivado de esteróides acetato de anecortave, assim como o corticosteróide acetato de triancinolona têm sido propostos como métodos no tratamento de DMRI-neovascular. Este artigo apresenta os princípios e resultados iniciais na terapia antiangiogênica farmacológica da MNSR na DMRI.


Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) remains a leading cause of blindness in the western world. Several clinical forms of the disease are recognized, whereas choroidal neovascularization (CNV) represents an important manifestation suitable for treatment. The treatment of CNV has been a major focus of research in the past decades, and the first evidence-based established therapy was laser photocoagulation, which reduces the risk of visual loss in extrafoveal lesions. In the late 90's photodynamic therapy has been established as an efficient method for the treatment of predominantly classic and occult CNV. Additional therapies such as macular translocation, submacular surgery, and indocyanine-mediated prothrombosis are currently under investigation in large-scale clinical trials. Molecular biology has recently provided a better comprehension of the pathogenesis of ARMD, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was recognized as key mediator in the angiogenesis of CNV-formation. Therefore, the pharmacological approach rose as a key research area to treat CNV. The first FDA-approved agent for CNV-therapy is aptamer pegaptanib sodium (Macugen®), which inactivates the key angiogenic isoform VEGF165. Additional VEGF-blockers such as ranibizumab RhuFab V2 (Lucentis®) and bevacizumab (Avastin®) are under evaluation in major clinical studies. Impressive results of intravitreal bevacizumab were released recently. Moreover, the steroid-derived anecortave acetate as well as the corticosteroid triamcinolone acetate have been proposed as methods for treatment of wet-ARMD. This paper presents the rationale and principles of the pharmacologic antiangiogenic therapy for CNV in ARMD.


Subject(s)
Humans , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use , Aptamers, Nucleotide/pharmacology , Aptamers, Nucleotide/therapeutic use , Choroidal Neovascularization/drug therapy , Macular Degeneration/drug therapy , Retinal Neovascularization/drug therapy , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/pharmacology , Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology , Clinical Trials as Topic , Choroidal Neovascularization/etiology , Light Coagulation , Macular Degeneration/etiology , Retinal Neovascularization/etiology , Treatment Outcome , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/drug effects , Visual Acuity/drug effects
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