Study on the mechanism of Flos Puerariae and Semen Hoveniae in treatment of alcoholic liver injury based on network pharmacology and molecular docking / 浙江大学学报·医学版

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the mechanism of Flos Puerariae and Semen Hoveniae in treatment of alcoholic liver injury (ALI) based on network pharmacology and molecular docking.@*METHODS@#The information of chemical constituents and targets of Flos Puerariae and Semen Hoveniae was collected from TCMSP and Swiss databases, and the threshold values of oral bioavailability (OB) ≥ 30%, drug likeness (DL) ≥0.18 were used to screen the potential active compounds. The GeneCard and DrugBank databases were used to obtain the targets corresponding to ALI. The common targets were queried using Venn Diagram, and the network of PPI and Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed through DAVID and Reactome database. Autodock Vina software was used for molecular docking of potential ingredients and key targets.@*RESULTS@#A total of 21 potential active compounds and 431 therapeutic targets were gathered in Flos Puerariae and Semen Hoveniae, which involved 273 biological functions, 90 KEGG pathways and 362 Reactome pathways. The GO functions involved protein binding, ATP binding, etc.; the KEGG pathways mainly included PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and TNF signaling pathway; the Reactome pathways contained signal transduction and immune system, etc. The results of molecular docking showed that 21 potential active ingredients had good affinity with the core targets Akt1, TP53 and IL-6.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis demonstrate the synergetic effect of Flos Puerariae and Semen Hoveniae with multi-compounds, multi-targets and multi-pathways in the treatment of ALI; and also predict the possible medicinal substance, key targets and pathways, which provides clues for the new drug development and mechanism research.

Actividad insecticida y reguladora del crecimiento de extractos de blachnum chillones (blechnaceae) y condolía microphylla cav. (rhamnaceae), sobre larvas de gallería melonada (L.) (lepidoptera: pyralidae) / Insecticidal activity and growth regulatory of blechnum chilense (blechnaceae) and condalia microphylla cav. (rhamnaceae) extracts, on larvae of galleria mellonella (linnaeus) (lepidoptera: pyralidae)

Galleria mellonella (L.) es una de las plagas más importantes para la apicultura, debido a que en su estado larval se alimentan de la cera, polen y miel almacenados en los panales de Apis mellifera (L.). El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la actividad insecticida y reguladora del crecimiento de extractos obtenidos a partir de hojas y tallos de Blechnum chilense (Kaulf.) Mett y Condalia microphylla Cav. sobre larvas (L2) de G. mellonella. Los extractos fueron obtenidos con solventes orgánicos de diferente polaridad. Los resultados obtenidos indican que, el extracto de B. chilense obtenido con acetato de etilo y el extracto de C. microphylla obtenido con acetona, tienen efecto insecticida efectivo sobre larvas de G. mellonella y a aplicado en dosis sub-letales afectan negativamente la ganancia de peso larvario. A su vez, el extracto obtenido de B. chilense presentó actividad reguladora del desarrollo larvario de G. mellonella, induciendo el estado de pupa en forma prematura.

Galleria mellonella (L.) is the most detrimental pest to beekeeping, due the larvae feeds on hive of Apis mellifera (L.) consuming the wax, pollen and honey. The aim of this study was to determine the insecticidal activity and growth regulatory activity of extracts obtained from leaves and stems of Blechnum chilense (Kaulf.) Mett and Condalia microphylla Cav. for larvae of G. mellonella. The extracts were obtained with organic solvents of different polarity. The results show that the extract of B. chilense obtained with ethyl acetate, and the extract of C. microphylla obtained with acetone have effective insecticidal activity on larvae of G. mellonella, when applied at sub-lethal doses affect adversely the larval weight gain. In turn, the extract obtained from B. chilense showed regulatory activity on larval development of G. mellonella, inducing pupal stage prematurely.

Comparison of volatile compounds in Retanilla trinervia [Gillies & Hook] Hook & Arn honeys from central Chile / Comparación de compuestos volátiles en mieles de Retanilla trinervia[Gillies & Hook] Hook & Arn de Chile Central

The search for chemical markers for determining honey authenticity as a complementary tool for melissopalynological method is an important issue in the study of honeys from different botanical origins. The objective of this study was to determine the volatile compounds in tevo (Retanilla trinervia [Gillies & Hook] Hook & Arn [Fam. Rhamnaceae]) honey as one of the most relevant honeys from central Chile. For the identification and quantification of volatile compounds, Solid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) was performed. A total of 28 out of 103 volatile compounds were found common to the five tevo honeys analyzed. Nevertheless, these compounds are common in unifloral honey of different floral sources from other countries. These results represent the first record in the identification of volatile compounds in tevo honey and would indicate that tevo honey does not present specific volatile compounds that allow its clear differentiation from other unifloral honey.

La búsqueda de marcadores químicos para determinar la autenticidad de la miel como una herramienta complementaria al análisis melisopalinológico es un tema importante en el estudio de las mieles de diferentes orígenes botánicos. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar los compuestos volátiles en miel de tevo (Retanilla trinervia [Gillies & Hook] Hook & Arn [Fam. Rhamnaceae]), una de las mieles más relevantes de Chile Central. La identificación y cuantificación de compuestos volátiles se llevó a cabo mediante Microextracción en Fase Sólida y Cromatografía de Gases con Espectrometría de Masas (SPME-CG-MS). Un total de 28 de los 103 compuestos volátiles identificados en las cinco mieles de tevo analizadas se encontraron en común para ellas. Sin embargo, estos compuestos son comunes en la miel monofloral de diferentes fuentes florales de otros países. Estos resultados representan los primeros avances en la identificación de compuestos volátiles en la miel de tevo e indicarían que la miel de tevo no presenta compuestos volátiles específicos que permitan su clara diferenciación respecto a otras mieles monoflorales.

In vitro evaluation of the cytotoxic and trypanocidal activities of Ampelozizyphus amazonicus (Rhamnaceae)

Ampelozizyphus amazonicus Ducke is a tree commonly found in the Amazon region and an extract of its stem bark is popularly used as an antimalarial and anti-inflammatory agent and as an antidote to snake venom. Ursolic acid; five lupane type triterpenes: betulin, betulinic acid, lupenone, 3ß-hydroxylup-20(29)-ene-27,28-dioic acid, and 2a,3ß-dihydroxylup-20(29)-ene-27,28-dioic acid, and three phytosteroids: stigmasterol, sitosterol and campesterol, have been isolated from stem extracts of A. amazonicus Ducke. Their structures were characterized by spectral data including COSY and HMQC. In an in vitro biological screening of the isolated compounds, 3ß-hydroxylup-20(29)-ene-27,28-dioic acid was cytotoxic against the SKBR-3 human adenocarcinoma cell line (1 to 10 mg/mL), while 2a,3ß-dihydroxylup-20(29)-ene-27,28-dioic acid exhibited cytotoxicity against both SKBR-3 human adenocarcinoma and C-8161 human melanoma tumor cell lines (>0.1 mg/mL). In the present study, different extracts and some fractions of this plant were also investigated for trypanocidal activity due to the presence of pentacyclic triterpenes. The triterpene classes are potent against Trypanosoma cruzi. The bioassays were carried out using blood collected from Swiss albino mice by cardiac puncture during the parasitemic peak (7th day) after infection with the Y strain of T. cruzi. The results obtained showed that A. amazonicus is a potential source of bioactive compounds since its extracts and fractions isolated from it exhibited in vitro parasite lysis against trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi at concentrations >100 æg/mL. Fractions containing mainly betulin, lupenone, 3ß-hydroxylup-20(29)-ene-27,28-dioic acid, and 2a,3ß-dihydroxylup-20(29)-ene-27,28-dioic acid showed more activity than crude extracts.