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1.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 49(11): e5562, 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-951654

ABSTRACT

The main purpose of this study was to investigate bifidobacteria flora in fecal samples from children with rotavirus infection and determine the significance of their selected probiotic properties for improvement of health status. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to identify rotavirus antigen in fecal samples from 94 patients with gastroenteritis and from 30 without gastroenteritis. Bifidobacteria were identified by selective media, gram reaction, colony morphology, fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase enzyme activity and classical identification tests. Exopolysaccharide (EPS) production was identified by phenol-sulphuric acid method. The modified method was then used to identify the quantity of taurocholic and glycocholic acid deconjugation and cholesterol elimination of the strains. Thirty-five of the 94 fecal samples were found positive for rotavirus antigen (37.23%). Bifidobacteria were identified in 59 of the samples. The EPS production ranges were 29.56-102.21 mg/L. The cholesterol elimination rates ranged between 8.36-39.22%. Furthermore, a positive and strong correlation was determined between EPS production and the presence of cholesterol (r=0.984, P<0.001). The deconjugation rates for the sodium glycocholate group was higher than the sodium taurocholate group. Rotavirus (+) bifidobacteria strains had higher EPS production, deconjugation rate and cholesterol elimination compared to bifidobacteria strains isolated from children in the rotavirus (-) sample and without gastroenteritis. Significant differences were observed among groups in all parameters (P<0.05). Given the increased number of rotavirus cases in Turkey and worldwide, it is very important to add superior bifidobacteria in the diets of infected children to improve the intestinal and vital functions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Polysaccharides, Bacterial/biosynthesis , Bifidobacterium/isolation & purification , Bile Acids and Salts/metabolism , Cholesterol/metabolism , Gastroenteritis/virology , Antigens, Viral/analysis , Rotavirus Infections/microbiology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Feces/virology
2.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-135652

ABSTRACT

Background & Objectives: Bifidobacteria colonize the gut after the first week of life and remain an important component of the gut microbiota in infancy. This study was carried out to characterize the diversity and number of bifidobacteria colonizing the gut in Indian neonates and to investigate whether asymptomatic infection with rotavirus in the first month of life affected gut colonization by bidifobacteria. Methods: DNA was isolated from faeces of 14 term-born neonates who were under surveillance for rotavirus infection. Bacterial and bifidobacterial diversity was evaluated by temporal temperature gradient electrophoresis (TTGE) of 16S rDNA amplified using total bacteria and bifidobacteria-specific primers. Real time PCR, targeting 16S rDNA, was used to quantitate faecal bifidobacteria and enterobacteria. Results: TTGE of conserved bacterial 16S rDNA showed 3 dominant bands of which Escherichia coli (family Enterobacteriaceae) and Bifidobacterium (family Bifidobacteriaceae) were constant. TTGE of Bifidobacterium genus-specific DNA showed a single band in all neonates identified by sequencing as Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis. Faecal bifidobacterial counts (log10 cfu/g faeces) ranged from 6.1 to 9.3 and enterobacterial counts from 6.3 to 9.5. Neonates without and with rotavirus infection in the first week of life did not show significant differences in the median count of bifidobacteria (log10 count 7.48 vs. 7.41) or enterobacteria (log10 count 8.79 vs. 7.92). Interpretation & Conclusions: B. longum subsp. infantis was the sole bifidobacterial species colonizing the gut of Indian neonates. Asymptomatic rotavirus infection in the first month of life was not associated with alteration in faecal bifidobacteria or enterobacteria.


Subject(s)
Bifidobacterium/genetics , Biodiversity , DNA Primers/genetics , DNA, Ribosomal/genetics , Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis , Feces/microbiology , Gastrointestinal Tract/microbiology , Humans , India , Infant, Newborn , Rotavirus Infections/microbiology , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Species Specificity , Statistics, Nonparametric
3.
Niger. j. med. (Online) ; 17(3): 285-290, 2008. ilus
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1267271

ABSTRACT

Background: Rotaviruses are associated with 611;000 deaths worldwide and with 33;000 deaths in Nigeria in children 5 years of age annually. However; limited data exit on rotavirus (RV) infection in North-western Nigeria. This study surveyed RV infection in four states in Northwestern Nigeria. Methods: During July 2002 to July 2004; 1063 (869 diarrhoeic and 194 control) stool samples were collected from children 0.05). The highest RV burden was detected in children aged below six months. The infection occurred throughout the study period. The most common clinical features associated with RV were fever (71);vomiting (64.1) and a combination of fever and vomiting (48.2). Vomiting was strongly associated with RV (p 0.01). There was a statistically significant association between food type and rotavirus infection (p 0.05); with the highest prevalence occurring amongst children exclusively breast-fed. The majority of the RV positive samples revealed long electropherotypes and VP6 subgroup I + II specificity. Conclusion: Rotavirus was shown to be an important cause of diarrhoea in children 0-5 years of age in Northwestern Nigeria. An effective vaccine would therefore need to be administered at birth for children in the study area since there is no effective way to completely eliminate rotavirus infection other than vaccination. There is also a need for additional studies in Nigeria to provide data required to hasten vaccine introduction


Subject(s)
Diarrhea , Infant, Newborn , Nigeria , Risk Factors , Rotavirus Infections/epidemiology , Rotavirus Infections/microbiology
4.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 33(6): 553-557, nov.-dez. 2000.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-301294

ABSTRACT

Neste estudo reporta-se a identificaçäo de rotavirus sorotipo G2 proveniente de amostras fecais de crianças com gastroenterite, da Cidade de Mérida, Yucatan, México. O diagnóstico virológico foi feito através da eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamidia e ensaio imunoenrimático. Das 149 amostras estudadas, 25 (16,7 por cento) foram positivas para rotavirus do grupo A; dessas 23 (92 por cento) foram sorotipo G2, subgrupo I e padräo eletroforético curto e 2 (8 por cento) subgrupo II e padräo eletroforético longo, porém, näo foi possível determinar o sorotipo G. Desde 1985, até hoje, foi a única vez que o sorotipo G2 foi identificado, em mais de 90 por cento das amostras analisadas. Acredita-se que, provavelmente, nos últimos anos tem acumulado na populaçäo, um grupo de pessoas suscetíveis ao sorotipo de RV; e num futuro poderia ter um surto importante de gastroenterite, associado ao sorotipo G2 de rotavirus


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Diarrhea, Infantile/microbiology , Rotavirus Infections/microbiology , Rotavirus , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Antigens, Viral/analysis , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Feces , Gastroenteritis , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Rotavirus Infections/epidemiology , Rotavirus Infections/immunology , Mexico/epidemiology
6.
Med. lab ; 7(7): 377-88, jul. 1997. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-237160

ABSTRACT

La enfermedad diareica aguda -EDA- es una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad en todo el mundo, especialmente en niños menores de 5 años. Los rotavirus, uno de sus principales agentes causales, son responsables de un 40 a 60 por ciento de las hospitalizaciones por EDA; por ello, su diagnóstico y tipificación molecular y antigénica se han converido en pioridad en todo el mundo. Esta caracterización ha permitido observar una gran variabilidad genética en la población infantil afectada, lo cual ha dificultado la producción de una vacuna que sea efectiva y logre proteger contra todos los serotipos. El examen coproscópico y microquímico de materia fecal de los pacientes con EDA se ha convertido en una herramienta importante para el clínico en el diagnóstico de esta enfermedad viral cuando no cuenta con técnicas más especializadas. Se presenta una descripción de uno de los agentes más implicados como causa de EDA, al igual que la patogénesis, epidemiología y clínica asociadas cn la infección. Por último, se hace un algoritmo para el diagnóstico del niño con enfermedad diarreica aguda.


Subject(s)
Humans , Rotavirus Infections/diagnosis , Rotavirus Infections/etiology , Rotavirus Infections/microbiology , Rotavirus Infections/physiopathology , Rotavirus Infections/prevention & control
7.
Rev. bras. anal. clin ; 26(3): 91-3, 1994. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-269368

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho tem como finalidade rever a etiologia da diarréia, e no qual pesquisamos todos os agentes da infecçäo intestinal, relacionados a seguir: E. coli enteropatogênica clássica (EPEC), E.coli enteroinvasora (EIEC), E.coli enterotoxigênica (ETEC), E.coli enterohemorrágica (EHEC), Shigella, Salmonella, Yersinia enterocolítica, Campylobacter, Aeromonas e Vibriocholerae


Subject(s)
Humans , Diarrhea/etiology , Dysentery, Bacillary/microbiology , Campylobacter Infections/microbiology , Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic , Cross-Sectional Studies , Rotavirus Infections/microbiology
8.
EJMM-Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology [The]. 1994; 3 (1): 135-138
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-32278

ABSTRACT

This study aimed at determining the role of rotavirus in the etiology of persistent diarrhea in young children. Stool samples from 96 children up to 5 years old suffering from persistent diarrhea and 70 matched controls suffering from acute diarrhea were examined for EPEC, salmonella, shigella and rotavirus. Rotavirus was detected in 8.3% and 25.7% of the cases of persistent and acute diarrhea respectively with significant difference in the rate of detection [P < 0.01]. This shows a more important role of rotavirus in the etiology of acute diarrhea, however its detection in cases of persistent diarrhea suggests its role as an underlying cause. Prospective studies are needed to clarify if there is a direct correlation between acute rotavirus infection and persistence of diarrhea


Subject(s)
Humans , Diarrhea/etiology , Rotavirus Infections/microbiology , Child , Rotavirus/pathogenicity
9.
J Postgrad Med ; 1993 Jul-Sep; 39(3): 130-1
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-116160

ABSTRACT

Coagglutination test was compared with commercially available latex agglutination test (Rotalex kit) for detection of rota virus in faecal samples from clinically suspected cases of viral gastroenteritis. Out of 80 test samples 16 (20%) and 20 (25.3%) were positive for rota virus antigen by Rotalex kit and coagglutination test respectively. All the 40 controls were negative for viral antigen by Rotalex kit and only one gave positive result by coagglutination test. Coagglutination test was found to be economical, sensitive and specific for screening and rapid diagnosis of Rota virus diarrhoea.


Subject(s)
Agglutination Tests , Child , Child, Preschool , Diarrhea/microbiology , Feces/microbiology , Female , Gastroenteritis/microbiology , Humans , Infant , Latex Fixation Tests , Male , Reagent Kits, Diagnostic , Rotavirus/isolation & purification , Rotavirus Infections/microbiology
11.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 25(1): 31-5, jan.-mar. 1992. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-141181

ABSTRACT

Trezentas e oitenta e cinco amostras fecais provenientes de crianças na faixa etária de até 11 anos, sem sintomatologia de diarréia, foram estudadas objetivando-se a detecçäo de rotavírus. Desta amostragem, 268 foram obtidas de crianças habitantes de creches e 117 de crianças atendidas no ambulatório do Hospital Lúcio Rebelo de Goiânia-Goiás. Todas as amostras foram analisadas através da técnica eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida (EGPA-SDS), e 89 foram também analisadas pelo ensaio imunoenzimático adaptado para rotavírus e adenovírus (EIARA). Rotavírus e adenovírus só foram detectados nas crianças atendidas no ambulatório, num percentual de 1,7 por cento e 1,6 por cento respectivamente, näo havendo nenhuma positividade nas crianças de creches. Ambos os vírus ocorreram na faixa etária de 1 a 2 anos


Subject(s)
Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Humans , Adenoviruses, Human/isolation & purification , Diarrhea, Infantile/microbiology , Diarrhea/microbiology , Adenovirus Infections, Human/epidemiology , Adenovirus Infections, Human/microbiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Diarrhea, Infantile/epidemiology , Diarrhea/epidemiology , Feces/microbiology , Rotavirus Infections/epidemiology , Rotavirus Infections/microbiology
12.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 24(4): 223-30, out.-dez. 1991. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-141324

ABSTRACT

Rotavírus foram pesquisados em 607 amostras fecais de crianças de até 6 anos de idade com quadros de diarréia aguda, no período de maio de 1986 a abril de 1990. Foi utilizada a técnica de eletroforeses em gel de poliacrilamida (PAGE), sendo os rotavírus detectados em 123 amostras (20,27 por cento) das quais 107(87,00 por cento apresentaram perfil eletroforético longo, compatível com o subgrupo II. Os rotavírus näo foram encontrados no grupo controle constituído de crianças internadas por outras causas que näo diarréia aguda. A maioria das crianças positivas para rotavírus encontrava-se na faixa etária de 6 a 24 meses (73,98 por cento). A média de positividade nos meses chuvosos (outubro a abril) foi igual a 9,60 por cento e no período seco, 34,48 por cento com picos que variaram entre 53,17 e 73,27 por cento nos meses de junho e julho, os mais frios do ano


Subject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Humans , Rotavirus Infections/epidemiology , Acute Disease , Brazil/epidemiology , Rotavirus Infections/microbiology , Rotavirus/isolation & purification , Seasons
13.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 23(3): 172-4, jul.-sept. 1991.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-117789

ABSTRACT

Se informa un caso de gastroenteritis infecciosa (GEI) causada por un Rotavirus (RV) no-A en la provincia de Tucumán. La muestra de materia fecal resultó negativa en la prueba de enzimoinmunoensayo (ELISA) para RV del grupo A y por electroforesis en gel de poliacrilamida del RNA viral presentó un bandeo genómico coincidente con el descripto por Pedley para los RV clasificados en el grupo C. Esta sería la primera comunicación sobre detección de RV no-A causante de GEI humana en la República Argentina


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant , Gastroenteritis/microbiology , Rotavirus Infections/microbiology , Rotavirus/isolation & purification , Argentina , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Feces/microbiology , RNA, Viral/analysis , Rotavirus/classification , Rotavirus/immunology
14.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 22(4): 182-91, oct.-dic. 1990. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-102112

ABSTRACT

El presente trabajo describe los resultados obtenidos durante un estudio prospectivo llevado a cabo en 49 familias del Partido de Avellaneda, tendiente a conocer la seroepidemiología de los rotavirus humanos en nuestro medio. Cada familia fue incorporada estado la madre embarazada y el recien nacido fue estudiado hasta los 2 años de vida. La mayoría de las infecciones observadas durante el primer año fueron primarias (0,64 infecciones por niño-año; el 91,3% en niños seronegativos; p < 0,005). Esto coindidió con el período de mayor suceptibilidad a la diarrea por rotavirus (0,25 casos por niño-año; p < 0,01). La incidencia de infecciones en toda la población fue 0,63 casos por persona-año, sin variaciones signficativas para cada grupo de edad. El 61,6% de ellas fueron reinfecciones y en su gran mayoría asintomáticas. Por último se demonstró una relación signficativa entre el nivel de IgG específica circulante y la protección contra la infección y la diarrea causada por los rotavirus, durante los períodos de 6 meses estudiados (p < 0,005 para la infección; p < 0,03 para la diarrea). Aunque se encontró un mayor porcentaje de personas con anticuerpos y mayores niveles a medida que aumentaba la edad (p < 0,005), la incidencia de infecciones por rotavirus no presentó variaciones significativas con la misma. De acuredo con la alta incidencia de reinfecciones encontrada y por haber hallado la total desaparición del nivel de anticuerpos en un 5% de las infecciones un año después, se postula que la protección asociada al nivel de anticuerpos circulantes disminuye rápidamente luego de los 6 meses


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Adult , Gastroenteritis/epidemiology , Rotavirus Infections/epidemiology , Rotavirus/isolation & purification , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Cohort Studies , Diarrhea, Infantile/epidemiology , Diarrhea, Infantile/immunology , Diarrhea, Infantile/microbiology , Gastroenteritis/immunology , Gastroenteritis/microbiology , Immunoglobulin G/analysis , Rotavirus Infections/immunology , Rotavirus Infections/microbiology , Prospective Studies , Rotavirus/classification , Rotavirus/immunology , Urban Population
15.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-23856

ABSTRACT

Molecular epidemiology of rotavirus infections was studied in children with acute gastroenteritis attending the Nehru Hospital, Chandigarh. A total of 87 stool samples were studied for RNA migration pattern by polyacrylamide gel electropherosis. Only 33 strains could be electropherotyped and two different RNA types 'Short' and 'Long' were observed. Fifteen had a Short RNA pattern and 18 had a Long RNA pattern. There were no intergenomic variations between the Short or Long RNA types. On analysis of subgroup specificity by ELISA using monoclonal antibodies, all Long strains belonged to subgroup 2 and all Short strains to subgroup 1. Our results show that only two electropherotypes were prevalent in the area studied and during a particular peak of infection, only one electropherotype was predominant.


Subject(s)
Acute Disease , Child, Preschool , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Gastroenteritis/microbiology , Humans , India , Infant , RNA, Viral/analysis , Rotavirus/genetics , Rotavirus Infections/microbiology
16.
Rev. bras. patol. clín ; 25(2): 52-5, abr.-jun. 1989. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-74463

ABSTRACT

Três episódios de infecçäo por rotavírus em uma única criança foram observados ao longo de um estudo prospectivo na área urbana de Belém, Pará, Brasil, no decorrer de seus primeiros vinte e sete meses de vida. A detecçäo do rotavírus, classificado como susbgrupo II, sorotipo näo determinado, foi obtida nas duas primeiras infecçöes, sucedendo-se uma terceira pelo subgrupo I, sorotipo 2. Nesses episódios observaram-se dois perfis eletroforéticos diferentes. A primeira infecçäo ocorreu aos 4 meses de vida e as seguintes nos 20§ e 27§ meses. Os processos infecciosos ocorreram de forma sintomática, sendo que em dois dos três episódios, as manifestaçöes clínicas foram severas; o segundo em maior grau que o primeiro e o terceiro mais benigno que os anteriores


Subject(s)
Infant , Humans , Female , Rotavirus Infections/epidemiology , Brazil , Rotavirus Infections/microbiology , Prospective Studies , Recurrence
18.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 4(2): 121-5, dic. 1987. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-153235

ABSTRACT

En 75 lactantes hospitalizados por diarrea aguda se investigó la presencia de rotavirus y agentes no virales en deposiciones. Rotavirus detectado por primera vez en nuestra región, aparece con frecuencia de 26,6 por ciento a través de ELISA y cifras similares en prueba de látex (25,3 por ciento) y Microscopía electrónica (24,0 por ciento). 25 niños sanos como grupo control fueron negativos por los tres métodos. La sensibilidad y especificidad de la prueba de aglutinación en látex en relación a Elisa y Microscopía electrónica es adecuada, lo que unido a su menor costo y fácil aplicación la hace aconsejable para estudios de prevalencia en lugares donde otra técnica es compleja o costosa


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Rotavirus/isolation & purification , Feces/microbiology , Microscopy, Electron/methods , Rotavirus Infections/immunology , Rotavirus Infections/microbiology , Rotavirus/immunology , Immunologic Tests/methods
19.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 19(2): 77-9, 1987. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-78181

ABSTRACT

El presente trabajo describe un enzimoinmunoanálisis (EIA) para detectar Rotavirus en heces usando anticuerpos preparados en conejo inmovilizaods en nylon como fase de captura, y un segundo anticuerpo, preparado en cabra conjugado a enzima como fase de revelado. El conjugado se preparó usando peroxidas de rábano picante mediante la técnica de oxidación con periodato de Nakane. La fase sólida consistió en dados de nylon (66 CNL) de 3 mm de lado, los que fueron sometidos a hidrólisis parcial con ácido para liberar los grupos amino reactivos. El acople de anticuerpo de captura a la fase sólida se hizo mediante el uso de un brazo químico de glutarraldehido y resultó en una unión covalente entre la gamma globulina y el nylon. Como sustrato de revelado se usó o-fenilendiamina en buffer fosfato citrato pH 5,0 con 0,5% de peróxido de hidrógeno. El EIA se realizó con extractos acuosos de heces que fueron incubados con un dado de nylon sensibilizado con anticuerpos y posteriormente revelado incubado con el conjugado y posterior agregado del sustrato. Se leyerion como positivo todas aquellas muestras que desarrollaron color y cuya DO a 492 nm fue superior a 0,350. El método mostró perfecta correlación con muestras positivas y testigos negativos frente a un reactivo obtenido comercialmente


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Antibodies, Viral/immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Feces/microbiology , Gastroenteritis/immunology , Rotavirus Infections/microbiology , Rotavirus/analysis , Gastroenteritis/etiology , Nylons , Reagent Kits, Diagnostic , Rotavirus/microbiology
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