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Rev. chil. infectol ; 24(5): 377-383, oct. 2007. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-466469

ABSTRACT

Los virus parainfluenza del ser humano (VPIh) son patógenos importantes de enfermedad respiratoria en niños; pese a ello, existe escasa información publicada en Sudamérica dirigida a caracterizar esta infección. Objetivo: Describir las manifestaciones clínicas y epidemiológicas específicas de los VPIh en niños hospitalizados. Pacientes y Métodos: Se revisaron todas las hospitalizaciones respiratorias (HR) efectuadas en el Hospital de la Pontificia Universidad Católica, Santiago, Chile, durante el período 2001-2004 y sus respectivos estudios virales obtenidos de secreciones nasofaríngeas en aquellos con sospecha de infección viral. Resultados: Se identificaron 3.043 HR siendo 64 (2,1 por ciento) VPUrh La edad promedio fue 13 meses (rango: 1 m-12 a) siendo 77 por ciento) de edad inferior a dos años. VPIh-2 fue el serotipo prevalente (47 por ciento), observándose una tendencia estacional para los serotipos 2 y 3. Las presentaciones más frecuentes fueron sibilancias asociadas a virus (40 por cientoo) y neumonía (30 por ciento). Todas las bronquiolitis se presentaron asociadas a VPIh serotipos 2 y 3. Sólo 17 por ciento de los hospitalizados por VPIh+ (44 por ciento VPIh-1) desarrollaron laringitis. Conclusión: Virus parainfluenza humano puede ser responsable de HR en niños, mostrando una tendencia estacional VPIh-2 y el serotipo 3. Aunque son poco frecuentes como causa de HR, confirmamos su participación como etiología específica de laringitis, bronquiolitis y neumonía, especialmente en niños pequeños.


Background: Human parainfluenza viruses (hPIV) are a common cause of respiratory illness of children but published data on clinical characteristics of hPIV infection in South America is scarce. Objective: To review the clinical presentation and epidemiological features of hPIV in a series of hospitalized children in Chile. Patients and Methods: Retrospective review of clinical charts from all pediatric admissions with a diagnosis of respiratory disease (between January 2001 to December 2004) at the Catholic University Hospital, Santiago, Chile. Nasopharyngeal secretions were tested for hPIV in children admitted with suspected respiratory viral infections. Results: A total of 3,043 respiratory admissions were recorded during the study period; 64 children (2.1 percent) were hPIV positive. Average age was 13 months (range: lm to 12y) and 77 percent> were younger than 2 years. HPIV-2 was the most common type identified (47 percent). A seasonal trend was noted for serotypes hPIV-2 and 3. Acute wheezing (40 percento) and pneumonia (30 percent) were the most common clinical diagnosis in hPIV positive children and 17 percent> hPIV positive children (44 percent> for hPIV-1) were associated with laryngitis. All hPIV positive bronchiolitis were due to serotypes hPIV-2 and 3. Conclusion: hPIV can cause respiratory disease requiring hospitalization; serotypes hPIV-2 and 3 displayed a seasonal trend. Although hPIV is an uncommon cause of severe respiratory infecion requiring hospitalization in children, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of laryngitis, bronchiolitis and pneumonia, especially in younger children.


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human/isolation & purification , /isolation & purification , /isolation & purification , Respirovirus Infections/epidemiology , Rubulavirus Infections/epidemiology , Chile/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Respirovirus Infections/diagnosis , Respirovirus Infections/virology , Rubulavirus Infections/diagnosis , Rubulavirus Infections/virology , Seasons , Serotyping
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