Podoplanin, alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin or S100A4 Expressing Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Are Associated with Different Prognosis in Colorectal Cancers

The interactions between the tumor microenvironment and tumor cells determine the behavior of the primary tumors. Whether cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) have a tumor progressive or a protective role likely depends on the type of tumor cells and the CAF subpopulation. In the present study, we analyzed the prognostic significance of CAF subpopulations in colorectal cancer (CRC). CAF phenotypes were analyzed in 302 CRC patients by using antibodies against podoplanin (PDPN), alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), and S100A4. The relationship between the CAF phenotypes and 11 clinicopathological parameters were evaluated and their prognostic significance was analyzed from the disease-free and overall survival times. We observed that at the tumor invasive front, PDPN CAFs were present in 40% of the cases, and S100A4 or alpha-SMA CAFs were detected in all the cases. PDPN/S100A4 and alpha-SMA/S100A4 dual-stained CAFs were observed in 10% and 40% of the cases, respectively. The PDPN+ CAFs were associated with 6 favorable clinicopathological parameters and prolonged disease-free survival time. The PDPN-/alpha-SMA(high) CAFs were associated with 6 aggressive clinicopathological parameters and tended to exhibit shorter disease-free survival time. On the other hand, the PDPN-/S100A4(high) CAFs were associated with 2 tumor progression parameters, but not with disease prognosis. The PDPN+ CAF phenotype is distinct from the alpha-SMA or S100A4 CAFs in that it is associated with less aggressive tumors and a favorable prognosis, whereas the PDPN-/alpha-SMA(high) or PDPN-/S100A4(high) CAFs are associated with tumor progression in CRC. These findings suggest that CAFs can be a useful prognostic biomarker or potential targets of anti-cancer therapy in CRC.

Amputation Neuroma Mimicking Common Bile Duct Cancer: A Case Report / 대한소화기학회지

Amputation neuroma or traumatic neuroma is a tumor-like secondary hyperplasia that may develop after an accidental or surgical trauma. Amputation neuroma of the bile duct has occasionally been reported which occurred in the cystic duct stump late after the cholecystectomy. However, even if the amputation neuroma is suspected in a patient with late-onset jaundice after cholecystectomy, the differential diagnosis from a malignancy is difficult preoperatively. We experienced a case of the amputation neuroma of common bile duct (CBD) developed in a 70-year-old man who presented with a polypoid mass in CBD. He had undergone cholecystectomy 25 years ago and choledochojejunostomy 12 years ago, respectively. We have performed pylorus-preserving pancreatico-duodenectomy (PPPD) under the impression of CBD cancer. He had not been diagnosed of amputation neuroma until having undergone PPPD. We report a case of CBD neuroma mimicking CBD cancer, which was confirmed after PPPD.

Immunohistochemistry for intestinal ganglion cells and nerve fibers: aid in the diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease.

Hirschsprung's disease is a disease of congenital abnormalities characterized by absence of the enteric ganglion cell of the colon. To make a definite diagnosis, biopsy of the aganglionic zones of colon is required. A specimen from submucosal biopsy of the colon is very small and difficult to identify submucosal ganglion cells. Our study reports an immunohistochemical technique to detect submucosal ganglion cells. Six antineural markers, peripherin, cathepsin D, PGP 9.5, synaptophysin, chromogranin and S-100 protein, were used. The best antibody for the detection of submucosal ganglion cells in our study was peripherin. The additional measurement of nerve fiber caliber using S-100 protein staining is a valuable aid in the diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease. It can be applied to the suction submucosal biopsy in a patient suspected of having Hirschsprung's disease, therefore, the complicated full thickness colonic and rectal biopsy can be avoided.

Detection of S-100 antigen and anti ceramide antibody in sera of leprosy patients with and without reaction.

Levels of anticeramide antibodies and S-100 antigen in leprosy patients with and without reaction are compared in this study. The increase in levels of IgM anti ceramide antibody in the tuberculoid group of patients with reaction, when compared to those without reaction, is significant (P < 0.05). Similarly, significant increase (P < 0.01) was observed in the borderline group with reaction. No significant change in anti ceramide antibody level was observed in the lepromatous group of patients with and without reaction. Mean levels of S-100 were slightly lower in all three groups of patients with reaction, but the differences were not statistically significant.

Análise imunohistoquímica das células S-100 positivas em lesöes de pênfigo / Immunohistochemical study of s-100 positive cells in pemphigus skin lesions

Estudamos biópsias de lesöes cutâneas de 36 casos de pênfigo (pênfigo foliáceo -n= 18, pênfigo vulgar - n = 15, pênfigo eritematoso - n = 3) com o auxílio de técnicas de imunoperoxidase para identificaçäo do antígeno proteína S-100, marcador de células dendríticas suprabasais na epiderme. O padräo de reatividade foi semelhante nas três formas clínico-patológicas estudadas, com acentuada diminuiçäo ou desaparecimento da populaçäo celular portadora deste antígeno na epiderme lesada. Este quadro contraria o conceito de que haveria participaçäo de um agente infeccioso na etiologia do pênfigo, e favorece a implicaçäo de auto-imunógenos epidérmicos na patogenia desta doença