Superoxide dismutase activity of the Salicylate-Iron complex

Background. Scavenging of superoxide radical by salicylate-iron complex was studied to determine whether or not the salicylate-iron complex was able to catalyze the dismutation of superoxide radicals, the result perhaps yielding an explanation of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the drug. Methods. the scavenging was studied with an assay that generates Oú- 2 without the intervention of metal ions. Results. Results indicated that, in the presence of iron, salicylate was able to bring about the catalytic dismutation of the superoxide radiacal. The rate of superoxide removal was dependent on both the concentration of iron and the salicylate:iron molar ratio. Conclusions. these results may help to explain the interaction of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with free radicals and the anti-inflammatory properties of these agents, inasmuch as accumulating evidence indicates that much of the injury observed during inflammatory disorders may be mediated by oxidative stress frequently induced by iron-dependent reactions

Salicylate poisoning

Salicylate poisoning continues to be an important cause of drug related mortality. The zero order kinetics of salicylates at high doses is responsible in part for cases of iatrogenic poisoning. Serum levels tend to correlate with severity of poisoning in acute overdose cases only. Clinical manifestations include involvement of nervous system, hepatic and pulmonary systems along with metabolic disturbances. Measures at enhancing elimination and reducing absorption, while providing supportive care form the basis of management

Manejo de la intoxicación por salicilados / Management of salicylates intoxication

La intoxicación por salicilados es poco común en nuestra unidad de cuidados intensivos de adultos. Se produce como consecuencia de un bloqueo en la generación de adenosin trisfosfato y produce una alcalosis respiratoria primaria con una elevación del anión gap. El intensivista debe estar enterado de esta intoxicación por cuanto ella puede simular una cetoacidosis diabética o alcohólica, un evento cerebrovascular, sépsis y un síndrome de dificultas respiratoria del adulto de diferente etiología. El tratamiento incluye el lavado gástrico preccóz, diuresis forzada, alcalinización, hemoperfusión y en los casos más severos la hemodiálisis

Characteristics of toad bladder urinary acidification

The urinary acidification system present in the bladder of the toad Bufo marinus ictericus was investigated by means of an improved technique of mounting the membrane that minimizes the edge damage when the bladder is placed as a sheet between lucite half chambers. In ouabain-treated bladders in the absence of exogenous CO2, acification rates were similar to those observed for turtle bladder. The presence of 1%CO2 at the serosal gas phase increased proton secretion (JH). Stimulation of JH was also observed when the cell pH was decreased by back diffusion of salicylic acid added to the mucosal(M) compartment. The estimate of the passive proton permeability of this epithelium as a whole yielded values around 1 x 10**-4cm/s. The maximum pH gradient that could be established across the membrane in the short circuit condition (about 3 pH units) was taken as the apparent proton-motive force (PMF') of the system and these values were similar to those observed in the turtle bladder. Luminal membrane depolarization caused by substitution of NaCl by KCl in Ringer solution led to an increase in JH at MpH = 7.3 without altering the PMF', which suggests that the electrical potential difference across the luminal membrane in ouabain-treated bladders is negligible when M pH is sufficiently acid to abolish H+ secretion

Intoxicación por salicilatos / Salicilates poisoning

El presente trabajo es una revisión de los tipos de intoxicación por salicilatos y la farmacocinética cuando existen niveles séricos tóxicos. Se incluye un análisis de las diferentes manifestaciones clínicas y su fisiopatología. Basado en estas consideraciones se presenta un tratamiento racional. Además, son mencionados los métodos diagnósticos

Coalative antitrypanosomal Synergism between salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM) and glycerol (GL) and its limits

Especulaciones y experimentos bioquímicos llevaron a la suposición de que una potenciacion de la inhibición de la respiración aeróbica por ácido salicilhidroxámico (SHAM) sobre trypanosomas in vitro (insuficiente por sí mismo para ejercer un efecto terapéutico) se consigue con glicerol (GI), otro agente inactivo per se que inhibe la respiración glicolítica anaeróbica. El tratamiento combinado con los dos agentes inactivos ejerce un "sinergismo coalitivo" suficiente para clarificar temporalmente la parasitemia de roedores pero no para curarlos permanentemente. Examinando la acción terapéutica con dosis diferentes de SHAM y glicerol, pareció que, paradójicamente, el incremento de cada uno de ellos modifica desfavorablemente los resultados por lo cual la utilización de la mezcla no proporciona las ventajas terapéuticas usuales que se obtienen con un incremento de la dosis. Se determinó la coincidencia más favorable entre las dosis de los dos sinergistas, aún esta produce solamente un efecto temporal por tratamiento singular. La limitación del tratamiento singular combinado hasta la clarificación de la parasitemia no representa una propiedad instrínseca de tal método; este depende de la intensidad de actividad conseguida dentro de dosis toleradas. A niveles tóxicos el efecto completamente curativo ha sido obtenido con la combinación SHAM + GL, lo cual indica que el principio de tal "sinergismo coalitivo" con otros inhibidores puede ser aplicable en la terapia. In vitro, los parámetros definidos

The use of combustion technique of tissue processing for the study of the distribution of 14C-salicylate in rats after oral administration.

The distribution of 14C-salicylate (150 mg/kg, orally) in rat tissues was studied, at different time intervals upto 2 hr. A fairly rapid distribution was noted and a peak level was found to occur at 30 min after administration of the labelled drug in all the tissue studied. The combustion technique was used for tissue processing to determine the radioactivity as compared to the digestion method of tissue processing utilised by Sturman et al. (5) for their studies. The combustion technique was found to be more sensitive, as at a dose of 150 mg/kg (0.5 ml containing 5 uCi) administered orally, there was a greater level of radioactivity in all tissues as compared to the levels found by Sturman et al. (5) for a dose of 200 mg/kg (0.2 ml containing 2 uCi) administered intraperitoneally.