ABSTRACT
The surface antigens of S. digitata were isolated by treatment with Triton X-100. In non SDS-PAGE the surface antigen preparation resolved into more than 6 protein bands. Electroelution of gel slices corresponding to the protein bands with relative mobilities 0.09, 0.32, 0.41, 0.53, 0.61 and 0.76 gave 6 purified surface antigen fractions (SAF). Analysis of SAFs by SDS-PAGE showed that the proteins with molecular weights 17, 29 and 36 KD were the three major polypeptides and different combination of these gave rise to the 6 native surface proteins. The 29 KD protein existed as a monomer and as cross-linked with the 17 and 36 KD proteins. All surface antigen fractions showed antigenicity, where as 29 KD protein remained as a high avidity surface antigen.
Subject(s)
Animals , Antibodies, Helminth/immunology , Antigens, Helminth/immunology , Antigens, Surface/immunology , Cattle/parasitology , Cattle Diseases/parasitology , Cross Reactions , Helminth Proteins/immunology , Molecular Weight , Setaria Nematode/immunology , Setariasis/parasitologyABSTRACT
Localization of different enzymes of PEP-succinate pathway has been done in Setaria cervi, a bovine filarial worm. Succinate dehydrogenase and fumarate reductase were localized in mitochondria rich particulate fraction while all other enzymes were cytosolic. The in vitro effect of certain antifilarial/anthelmintic agents on these enzymes was also investigated. Sumarmin, at low concentration, could cause a marked inhibition of most of the enzymes of this pathway. Centperazine, an antifilarial drug being developed by CDRI showed significant inhibitory action on pyruvate kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, fumarase and succinate dehydrogenase while CDRI compound 72/70 showed significant inhibition of PEP-carboxykinase activity. Diethylcarbamazine and levamisole, however, were found to be more or less ineffective at lower concentrations against all the enzymes of this pathway.
Subject(s)
Animals , Anthelmintics/pharmacology , Female , Filarioidea/enzymology , Phosphoenolpyruvate/metabolism , Setariasis/parasitology , Succinate Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Succinates/metabolismSubject(s)
Animals , Female , Filariasis/parasitology , Insulin/physiology , Male , Pancreatectomy , Rats , Setariasis/parasitology , Thyroidectomy , Thyroxine/physiologyABSTRACT
Diethylcarbamazine (DEC) produced an initial stimulation followed by depression of the movements of the intact worm and nerve-muscle preparation of Setaria cervi. The effective concentration of DEC was reduced to one hundredth in the nerve-muscle preparation as compared to the whole worm, suggesting that the cuticular barrier is highly effective in preventing the penetration of the drugs. The depressant effect of DEC was concentration dependent and was not reversed even after repeated changes of the bath fluid. The worms consumed 7.7 mg +/- 0.2 glucose/g wet weight/hr. The consumption of glucose was directly proportional to its motor activity; it increased during the stimulant phase with low doses of DEC and decreased during the depressant phase.
Subject(s)
Animals , Diethylcarbamazine/pharmacology , Filarioidea/drug effects , Glucose/metabolism , Movement/drug effects , Setariasis/parasitologyABSTRACT
The total and free acetylcholine (Ach) and cholinesterase (CHE) content of adult Setaria cervi were estimated. The Ach was estimated by bioassay on rectus abdominis muscle of frog and the CHE by measuring the drop in pH following incubation of worm homogenate with Ach chloride. The free and total Ach contents (4.0 +/- 0.57 and 6.0 +/- 0.48 microgram/g wet weight of worms respectively) were as high as found in mammalian brain cortex. The cholinesterase activity was found to be 5.57 +/- 0.6 units/g wet weight of worms. It is possible that there may exist a well developed system responsible for the synthesis, storage, release and destruction of Ach and that Ach may be acting as an excitatory neurohormone in S. cervi.